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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Yokota, Yusuke; Ishikawa, Tadashi; Watanabe, Shun-ichi (2018): Seafloor crustal deformation data along the subduction zones around Japan obtained by GNSS-A observations. Scientific Data, 5, 180182, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.182
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: Since the mid-1990s, we (Hydrographic and Oceanographic department, Japan Coast Guard) have been developing the combined Global Navigation Satellite System-Acoustic ranging (GNSS-A) technique for realizing seafloor geodesy. This technique allows us to collect time series of seafloor crustal deformation. In this dataset, we published our original data obtained from 2001 to Aug. 2017. Our data can be used to investigate several seismological phenomena along the subduction zones around Japan, namely the Nankai Trough, Sagami Trough and Japan Trench. These regions are globally important places in geodesy and seismology and are also suitable for comparison with other geophysical datasets.
    Keywords: Comment; File format; File name; File size; Japan Trench, Sagami Trough and Nankai Trough; Tohoku-oki; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 39 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Kinematic Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is an effective tool for tracking dynamic positions in the open ocean in support of GPS-A, because it does not require a local terrestrial reference site. In this study, we compared the solutions of the ship-borne 1 Hz GNSS data processed by different software to evaluate the long-term stability of the positioning. The results indicated that PPP solutions were more stable than the differential solutions, which were affected by the perturbation of the reference sites. We also found that the ambiguity-fixed PPP is capable of providing robust solutions, even in situations with loss of data.
    Description: Published
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.38-73
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Seafloor geodetic observation with the GPS-Acoustic combination technique has been deployed by the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department(JHOD). Although the observation precision has been improved since 2000, environment factors have complicated influence for the precision and were not examined enough quantitatively. For precision examination and error mitigation, we developed a seafloor geodetic observation simulator. We report a brief summary of this simulator and some case examples. Research of error factors and analytical approach for error mitigation using this simulator is our future works towards sophistication of the seafloor geodetic observation.
    Description: Published
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.90-97
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In order to detect the dependency on the sound velocity model for the GPS-acoustic seafloor positioning with the transponder-array constraint method, I reanalyze the data with following sound velocity models : (1) using more realistic vertical profile in which the sound velocity is time-independent for the depth of more than 1200 m instead of the usual model in which the depth-independent temporal variation is estimated, and (2) using statistical values for initial sound velocity for the depth of more than 1200 m instead of the observed values. The results quantitatively revealed that both models cause no significant difference in the relative position within the observation accuracy. The vertical component of the absolute position, however, systematically depends on the sound velocity structure model. Furthermore, I found the non-linear dependence of the absolute position on the initial sound velocity as well.
    Description: Published
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.82-89
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Compiling thousands of vertical profiles of temperature and salinity measured during the seafloor geodetic observation, we statistically revealed the temporal stability in the depth of more than 1200 m within a few-miles-square region. We also found the spatial variations of temperature and salinity profiles. Specifically, temperature at 1200 m depth in the seafloor geodetic site ASZ 2(about 100 km southern off the Cape Ashizuri)is systematically higher than the other sites, which is strongly affected by the Kuroshio Current. On the other hand, at the seafloor geodetic site MYGI(about 100 km eastern off the Miyagi Prefecture), temporal intrusion of cold water was observed in the winter, reaching to the depth of about 800 m.
    Description: Published
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.57-81
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: For the precise GPS‒acoustic seafloor positioning, we evaluated the stability and the efficiency of the transponder‒array constraint method. Constraining the geometry of the seafloor transponder array via the multi‒epoch analysis enables us to estimate more precise position of the seafloor sites. The accuracy of the positioning should depend on the accuracy of the geometry of the array. In this study, we found that, though the geometry of the array converges to the probable one as the number of epoch used in the multi ‒epoch analysis increases, the convergence rate strongly depends on the seafloor site. It suggests that we should estimate the accuracy of the geometry for each site. Moreover, we revealed the strong relationship between the horizontal projected areas of the transponder array and the vertical deviations of the estimated position. This suggests that the sound speed should be corrected by constraining the geometry of the transponder array. The results will lead to the evaluation of the efficiency of the transponder‒array constraint method.
    Description: Published
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 88-96
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Japan Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department (JHOD) has been carrying out GPS/acoustic seafloor geodetic observation for monitoring crustal movements. Since 2009, we have replaced seafloor transponders, starting from the oldest sites, before runout of the battery to ensure the continuity of observation. In this report, we propose a new method applying array constraint analysis (Ishikawa and Sato, 2012) for maintaining the continuity of observation results between from new and old transponders, and consider the possibility that the number of parallel observations or the number of the ranging data obtained in parallel observations can be reduced.
    Description: Published
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp. 84-90
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-03-18
    Description: The Japan Coast Guard has been developing and operating seafloor geodetic observation with the GNSS‒ Acoustic ranging combined technique (GNSS-A) for more than 20 years. Important scientific results were provided by the GNSS-A obser vation. In this decade, GNSS-A obser vation has detected seafloor movements due to the co- and post-seismic crustal deformation of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake, and the interseismic seafloor velocity along the Japan Trench, the Sagami Trough, and the Nankai Trough, including their temporal variations. These results provided essential information on interplate earthquakes. Decadal improvements of the GNSS-A technique and efficiency have enhanced the observation frequency. Observation accuracy was also improved by introducing a new analysis method where the spatial gradient components of the sound speed structure are estimated and corrected. Recently, we embarked on an effort to develop an “open” GNSS-A for the further development of GNSS-A community.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.95-114
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-03-18
    Description: The Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department, Japan Coast Guard (JHOD) installed an acoustic transducer on the bottoms of the S/V Meiyo (550 tons) in March 2008, the S/V Takuyo (2,400 tons) in February 2010, the S/V Kaiyo (550 tons) in March 2012, and the S/V Shoyo (3,000 tons) in November 2012 and started sailing GNSS-Acoustic (GNSS-A) observations. The JHOD also installed a seafloor geodetic observation system on the New S/V Heiyo (4,000 tons) in January 2020 for more efficient and precise seafloor positioning. In this report, we discuss the outline of the seafloor crustal movement observation system installed in the S/V Heiyo, the position measurement method and the measurement results of the GNSS antenna and the transducer, and the results of the test observation
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.178-189
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