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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Wind Energy Resource Evaluation (2021)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Oceanography. ; Energy policy. ; Energy and state. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Energy Policy, Economics and Management. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Environmental Social Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Offshore Wind Energy -- Chapter 3. Research Progress of Offshore Wind Energy -- Chapter 4. Characteristics of Global Offshore Wind Energy -- Chapter 5. Climate Characteristics of Wind Energy in the Maritime Silk Road -- Chapter 6. Long Term Trend of Wind Energy in the Maritime Silk Road -- Chapter 7. Wind Energy Evaluation Around the Sri Lanka Waters -- Chapter 8. Future Focus of Wind Energy Evaluation.
    Abstract: This book aims to establish a wind energy evaluation system, to provide scientific reference for site selection, daily operation and long-term planning of wind power generation, thus to make contribution to breaking the shackles of power shortage. Firstly, it presents the advantages and disadvantages of offshore wind power, then further discusses about the status quo and challenges for wind power programs along the Maritime Silk Road and offer suggestions. A wind energy evaluation system was proposed with the Maritime Silk Road as a case study, including climatic features of wind power (temporal-spatial distribution), long-term climatic trend and mechanism, short-term forecast of wind energy, mid- and long-term projection of wind energy, technology of wind energy evaluation on key point or vital region and offshore wind energy dataset construction, to provide systematic and scientific reference for wind power evaluation and utilization. This book is one of the series of publications on 21st century Maritime Silk Road (shortened as “Maritime Silk Road”). It covers the characteristics of the marine environment and marine renewable energy, remote islands and reefs construction, climate change, early warning of wave disasters, legal escort, marine environment and energy big data construction, etc., contributing to the safe and efficient construction of the Maritime Silk Road. It aims to improve our knowledge of the ocean, thus, to improve the capacity for marine construction, enhance the viability of remote islands and reefs, ease the energy crisis and protect the ecological environment, improve the quality of life of residents along the Maritime Silk Road, and protect the rights, interests of the countries and regions participating in the construction of the Maritime Silk Road. It is a valuable reference for decision-makers, researchers, and marine engineers working in the related fields.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 177 p. 106 illus., 105 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9789811641114
    Series Statement: Springer Oceanography,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4111-4
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4111-4
    DDC: 551.46
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Structural Prognostics and Health Management in Power & Energy Systems (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The idea of preparing an Energies Special Issue on “Structural Prognostics and Health Management in Power & Energy Systems” is to compile information on the recent advances in structural prognostics and health management (SPHM). Continued improvements on SPHM have been made possible through advanced signature analysis, performance degradation assessment, as well as accurate modeling of failure mechanisms by introducing advanced mathematical approaches/tools. Through combining deterministic and probabilistic modeling techniques, research on SPHM can provide assurance for new structures at a design stage and ensure construction integrity at a fabrication phase. Specifically, power and energy system failures occur under multiple sources of uncertainty/variability resulting from load variations in usage, material properties, geometry variations within tolerances, and other uncontrolled variations. Thus, advanced methods and applications for theoretical, numerical, and experimental contributions that address these issues on SPHM are desired and expected, which attempt to prevent overdesign and unnecessary inspection and provide tools to enable a balance between safety and economy to be achieved. This Special Issue has attracted submissions from China, USA, Portugal, and Italy. A total of 26 submissions were received and 11 articles finally published.
    Keywords: B1-5802 ; empirical mode decomposition ; underground powerhouse ; sensitivity analysis ; DNN ; fault detection ; neural networks ; structural health monitoring ; analysis mode decomposition ; dynamic analysis of the structure ; residual useful life ; renewable energy ; remaining useful life ; retrofitting activities ; wind turbine blade ; optimized deep belief networks ; strain prediction ; offshore wind turbines ; low frequency tail fluctuation ; oil and gas platforms ; supporting vector machine (SVM) ; wave–structure interaction (WSI) ; sifting stop criterion ; probabilistic analyses of stochastic processes and frequency ; mode mixing ; non-probabilistic reliability index ; data-driven ; prognostics ; turbine blisk ; wind turbines ; supervisory control and data acquisition system ; fuzzy safety criterion ; analysis-empirical mode decomposition ; rotation of hydraulic generator ; life cycle cost ; health monitoring ; reliability ; wavelet decomposition ; weighted regression ; similarity-based approach ; vibration transmission mechanism ; wind and wave analysis ; full-scale static test ; deep learning ; multioperation condition ; extremum surface response method ; lithium-ion battery ; vibration test ; lateral-river vibration ; operational modal analysis ; dynamic analysis ; regeneration phenomenon ; machine learning ; prognostic and Health Management ; offshore structures ; NAR neural network ; techno-economic assessments ; stochastic subspace identification ; vertical axis wind turbine ; dynamic fuzzy reliability analysis ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Interannual variability of the South China Sea throughflow inferred from wind data and an ocean data assimilation product (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2006. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 33 (2006): L14605, doi:10.1029/2006GL026316.
    Description: The Luzon Strait transport, as an index for the South China Sea throughflow, has attracted much attention. In this study the interannual variability of the Luzon Strait transport is examined, using the Island Rule and results from an ocean general circulation model. Transport variability obtained from these two approaches are consistent with each other. Assessment of contribution from each integral segment involved in the Island Rule indicates that wind stress in the western and central equatorial Pacific is the key factor regulating the interannual variability of the Luzon Strait transport, whereas the effect of local wind stress in the vicinity of the Luzon Strait is secondary. Analysis also shows that when the westerly (easterly) wind anomalies in the tropical Pacific break out, the Luzon Strait transport increases (decreases), consistent with the variations in the North Equatorial Current during El Niño (La Niña) events.
    Description: This research was supported by NSF of China (Grants Nos. 40136010 and 40406006). YD and TQ were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through grant NAG5-12756, and TQ also supported by Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology through its sponsorship of the International Pacific Research Center.
    Keywords: Island Rule ; Wind stress ; South China Sea throughflow
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    Delayed baroclinic response of the Antarctic circumpolar current to surface wind stress (2009)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Science in China Press, 2008. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 51 (2008): 1036-1043, doi:10.1007/s11430-008-0074-8.
    Description: Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) responds to the surface windstress via two processes, i.e., instant barotropic process and delayed baroclinic process. This study focuses on the baroclinic instability mechanism in ACC. That is, the strengthening of surface zonal windstress causes the enhanced tilting of the isopycnal surface, which leads to the intense baroclinic instability. Simultaneously, the mesoscale eddies resulting from the baroclinic instability facilitate the transformation of mean potential energy to eddy energy, which causes the remarkable decrease of the ACC volume transport with the 2-year lag time. This delayed negative correlation between the ACC transport and the zonal windstress may account for the steadiness of the ACC transport in these two decades.
    Description: Supported by NSCF Outstanding Young Scientist Award (Grant No. 40625017) and the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB403604). The research was also supported by W. Alan Clark Chair from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for RXH and NOAA GLERL contribution No. 1462 for JW
    Keywords: Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) ; Zonal windstress ; Baroclinic instability ; Mesoscale eddy
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 5
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    Interplay between the Indonesian Throughflow and the Luzon Strait Throughflow (2007)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Science in China Press and Springer, 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Science in China Press and Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Chinese Science Bulletin 51, Supple. 2 (2006): 50-58.
    Description: Analysis based on the “Island Rule” and ocean assimilation dataset shows that the interannual variability of the Indonesian Throughflow and the Luzon Strait (South China Sea) Throughflow is out of phase. Wind anomaly in the equatorial Pacific plays an important role in setting up this phase relation. During El Niño events, the westerly wind bursts intensify the Northern Equator Current and induce a northward shift of its bifurcation point. As a result, the partition of volume transport between the Kuroshio and the Mindanao Current is changed, with the Kuroshio transport decreased and the Mindanao Current increased. The undershooting/overshooting phenomena occur at the Luzon Strait and the Sulawesi-Mindanao passage, caused by variability of these two currents. Water transport from the Pacific to the South China Sea increases with the Kuroshio transport decreased, and transport from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean decreases with the Mindanao Current transport increased. Therefore, the interannual variability of the Indonesian Throughflow and the Luzon Strait Throughflow is out of phase.
    Description: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No: 40136010, 40520140074).
    Keywords: Island Rule ; Indonesian throughflow ; Luzon Strait Throughflow ; Undershooting/overshooting
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Preprint
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  • 6
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    Decadal changes of wind stress over the Southern Ocean associated with Antarctic ozone depletion (2010)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Climate 20 (2007): 3395-3410, doi:10.1175/JCLI4195.1
    Description: Using 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data and in situ observations, the positive trend of Southern Ocean surface wind stress during two recent decades is detected, and its close linkage with spring Antarctic ozone depletion is established. The spring Antarctic ozone depletion affects the Southern Hemisphere lower-stratospheric circulation in late spring/early summer. The positive feedback involves the strengthening and cooling of the polar vortex, the enhancement of meridional temperature gradients and the meridional and vertical potential vorticity gradients, the acceleration of the circumpolar westerlies, and the reduction of the upward wave flux. This feedback loop, together with the ozone-related photochemical interaction, leads to the upward tendency of lower-stratospheric zonal wind in austral summer. In addition, the stratosphere–troposphere coupling, facilitated by ozone-related dynamics and the Southern Annular Mode, cooperates to relay the zonal wind anomalies to the upper troposphere. The wave–mean flow interaction and the meridional circulation work together in the form of the Southern Annular Mode, which transfers anomalous wind signals downward to the surface, triggering a striking strengthening of surface wind stress over the Southern Ocean.
    Description: This study was supported by MOST of China (Grant 2006CB403604) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant KZSW2-YW-214) (for YXY and DXW) and W. Alan Clark Chair from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (for RXH).
    Keywords: Wind stress ; Decadal variability ; Ozone ; Southern Ocean ; Stratospheric circulation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 7
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    Connection between the decadal variability in the Southern Ocean circulation and the Southern Annular Mode (2010)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 34 (2007): L16604, doi:10.1029/2007GL030526.
    Description: Previous studies demonstrated the remarkable upward trend of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and Southern Ocean wind stress in association with anthropogenic forcing. An oceanic reanalysis data set is used to investigate the response of the circulation in the Southern Ocean to the decadal variability of SAM. Our results indicate the strengthening and the poleward shift of the northward Ekman velocity as well as the Ekman pumping rate, which led to a corresponding strengthening trend in the Deacon Cell. This strengthening, in turn, intensified the meridional density gradient and the tilting of the isopycnal surfaces. On the interannual time scale, the Antarctic Circumpolar Currents (ACC) transport exhibits a positive correlation with SAM index as seen separately in observations. However, there is no significant trend in the total transport of ACC. Possible reasons are discussed.
    Description: This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant KZSW2-YW-214), the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 40640420557) and National Basic Research Program of China (Grant 2006CB403604) for X-Y. Yang and D. Wang, and by W. Alan Clark Chair from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for R.X. Huang.
    Keywords: Decadal variability ; Southern Ocean circulation ; Southern Annular Mode
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 8
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    A Review on Photothermal Conversion of Solar Energy with Nanomaterials and Nanostructures: From Fundamentals to Applications (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Solar energy is a green, sustainable, and de facto inexhaustible energy source for mankind. The conversion of solar energy into other forms of energy has attracted extensive research interest due to climate change and the energy crisis. Among all the solar energy conversion technologies, photothermal conversion of solar energy exhibits unique advantages when applied for water purification, desalination, high‐temperature heterogeneous catalysis, anti‐bacterial treatments, and deicing. In this review, the various photothermal conversion mechanisms based on different forms of heat release are summarized and some of the latest examples are presented. In addition, the necessary prerequisites for solar‐driven photothermal materials toward their practical applications are also discussed. Further, the latest advances in photothermal conversion of solar energy are discussed, focusing on different types of photothermal applications. Finally, a summary is given and the challenges and opportunities in the photothermal conversion of solar energy are presented. This review aims to give a comprehensive understanding of emerging solar energy conversion technologies based on the photothermal effect, especially by using nanomaterials and nanostructures.
    Description: This review presents the broad scope of photothermal applications, offers a comprehensive understanding of the photothermal conversion of solar energy with nanomaterials and nanostructures, and provides guidelines for better design and fabrication of photothermal materials.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: P.C. was supported by a China Scholarship Council (CSC) fellowship
    Keywords: ddc:333.79 ; broadband light absorbers ; photothermal applications ; photothermal mechanisms ; solar energy conversion ; sustainable energy technologies
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-resistance Ti/Al/Ti/Au multilayer ohmic contact to n-GaN (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 6214-6217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A metallization scheme has been developed for obtaining low ohmic contacts to n-GaN with a low contact resistance. The metal contact is a Ti/Al/Ti/Au composite with layers that are respectively 30, 100, 30, and 30 nm thick. Contacts with a specific contact resistivity ρs, as low as 6.0×10−7 Ω cm2 for a doping level of 1.40×1020 cm−3 were obtained after annealing the sample for 30 s at 750 °C in a rapid thermal annealer. The Ti placed on top of the traditional Ti/Al contact appears to have the advantage of tying up the excess Al; therefore it does not form a mottled contact. Some of the additional Ti–Al intermetallic alloys that are formed also have beneficial effects. The Ti–Au layer forms a robust upper portion of the composite, which enables the contacts to have high-temperature applications. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1350617
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Nanocrystalline Bi2Ti2O7 Prepared by a Metallorganic Decomposition Method (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Nanopowders of Bi2Ti2O7 were synthesized by a metallorganic decomposition (MOD) technique. Pure Bi2Ti2O7 nanocrystals formed after annealing at 550°C for 5 min. X-ray patterns show that Bi20TiO32 is a metastable phase during Bi2Ti2O7 formation. It was found that there were two peaks in the curves of the dielectric response as a function of temperature for pressed nanocrystalline Bi2Ti2O7 samples. The Curie temperature decreases with decrease of grain size whereas the ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition temperature increases. The hysteresis loops observed also suggest that Bi2Ti2O7 might belong to a ferroelectric material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00585.x
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