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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-03-04
    Description: Apoptosis and necroptosis are complementary pathways controlled by common signalling adaptors, kinases and proteases; among these, caspase-8 (Casp8) is critical for death receptor-induced apoptosis. This caspase has also been implicated in non-apoptotic pathways that regulate Fas-associated via death domain (FADD)-dependent signalling and other less defined biological processes as diverse as innate immune signalling and myeloid or lymphoid differentiation patterns. Casp8 suppresses RIP3-RIP1 (also known as RIPK3-RIPK1) kinase complex-dependent necroptosis that follows death receptor activation as well as a RIP3-dependent, RIP1-independent necrotic pathway that has emerged as a host defence mechanism against murine cytomegalovirus. Disruption of Casp8 expression leads to embryonic lethality in mice between embryonic days 10.5 and 11.5 (ref. 7). Thus, Casp8 may naturally hold alternative RIP3-dependent death pathways in check in addition to promoting apoptosis. We find that RIP3 is responsible for the mid-gestational death of Casp8-deficient embryos. Remarkably, Casp8(-/-)Rip3(-/-) double mutant mice are viable and mature into fertile adults with a full immune complement of myeloid and lymphoid cell types. These mice seem immunocompetent but develop lymphadenopathy by four months of age marked by accumulation of abnormal T cells in the periphery, a phenotype reminiscent of mice with Fas-deficiency (lpr/lpr; also known as Fas). Thus, Casp8 contributes to homeostatic control in the adult immune system; however, RIP3 and Casp8 are together completely dispensable for mammalian development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3060292/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3060292/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, William J -- Upton, Jason W -- Long, Alyssa B -- Livingston-Rosanoff, Devon -- Daley-Bauer, Lisa P -- Hakem, Razqallah -- Caspary, Tamara -- Mocarski, Edward S -- AI30363/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DP5 OD012198/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI020211/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI020211-24/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI030363/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI030363-13A2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI20211/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 17;471(7338):368-72. doi: 10.1038/nature09857. Epub 2011 Mar 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. wkaiser@emory.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21368762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Caspase 8/*genetics/*metabolism ; Caspase Inhibitors ; Cell Line ; Embryo Loss/enzymology/*genetics/*metabolism ; Embryo, Mammalian/cytology/embryology ; Female ; GTPase-Activating Proteins/metabolism ; *Gene Deletion ; Immunocompetence/genetics/immunology ; Lymphatic Diseases/genetics/immunology/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; *Necrosis ; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & ; inhibitors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-02-28
    Description: Sirtuins can promote deacetylation of a wide range of substrates in diverse cellular compartments and regulate many cellular processes(1),(2). Recently Narayan et al., reported that SIRT2 was required for necroptosis based on their findings that SIRT2 inhibition, knock-down or knock-out prevented necroptosis. We sought to confirm and explore the role of SIRT2 in necroptosis and tested four different sources of the SIRT2 inhibitor AGK2, three independent siRNAs against SIRT2, and cells from two independently generated Sirt2-/- mouse strains, however we were unable to show that inhibiting or depleting SIRT2 protected cells from necroptosis. Furthermore, Sirt2-/- mice succumbed to TNF induced Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) more rapidly than wild type mice while Ripk3-/- mice were resistant. Our results therefore question the importance of SIRT2 in the necroptosis cell death pathway.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005920/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005920/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newton, Kim -- Hildebrand, Joanne M -- Shen, Zhirong -- Rodriguez, Diego -- Alvarez-Diaz, Silvia -- Petersen, Sean -- Shah, Saumil -- Dugger, Debra L -- Huang, Chunzi -- Auwerx, Johan -- Vandenabeele, Peter -- Green, Douglas R -- Ashkenazi, Avi -- Dixit, Vishva M -- Kaiser, William J -- Strasser, Andreas -- Degterev, Alexei -- Silke, John -- P30 CA021765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI044828/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA169291/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Feb 27;506(7489):E4-6. doi: 10.1038/nature13024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. ; 1] The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia [2] Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia. ; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China. ; Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. ; Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. ; 1] Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium [3] Methusalem BOF09/01M00709, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24572428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis/*enzymology ; Sirtuin 2/*genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 112-128 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Uncooled infrared sensors are important for a number of technological and scientific measurements. We have designed, built, and tested a new uncooled infrared sensor which is made by silicon micromachining. This infrared sensor uses a tunneling displacement transducer to detect the thermal expansion of a small volume of trapped gas. Prototype devices based on this design have been operated with NEP better than 3×10−10 W/(square root of)Hz at 25 Hz, which is competitive with the best comparably sized uncooled sensors available. This article will describe the design, fabrication, and operation of all elements of this sensor. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 100-102 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the extreme sensitivity of electron tunneling to variations in electrode separation to construct a novel, compact displacement transducer. Electrostatic forces are used to control the separation between the tunneling electrodes, thereby eliminating the need for piezoelectric actuators. The entire structure is composed of micromachined silicon single crystals, including a folded cantilever spring and a tip. Measurements of displacement sensitivity and noise are reported. This device offers a substantial improvement over conventional technology for applications which require compact, highly sensitive transducers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 946-948 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the first observation of phonon density of states effects in a superconductor using a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The phonon effects were observed using a STM spectroscopy method to measure dItunneling /dV vs V for the tunnel junction formed by the Au STM probe and a superconducting Pb sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 305-307 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a new tip for scanning tunneling microscopy and a tip repair procedure that allows one to reproducibly obtain atomic images of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite with previously inoperable tips. The tips are shown to be relatively oxide-free and highly resistant to oxidation. The tips are fabricated with graphite by two distinct methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 278-280 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) methods are used to directly control the barrier height of a metal tunnel tip-semiconductor tunnel junction. Barrier behavior is measured by tunnel current-voltage spectroscopy and compared to theory. A unique surface preparation method is used to prepare a low surface state density Si surface. Control of band bending with this method enables STM investigation of semiconductor subsurface properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 780-782 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ballistic-electron emission microscopy (BEEM) has been used to investigate the origin of defects at the Au/GaAs(100) Schottky barrier interface. In addition, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and in situ fabrication methods have been employed to control Schottky barrier interface properties. BEEM characterization combined with MBE methods has enabled the development of a near-ideal Schottky barrier interface with drastically reduced defect density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 2548-2552 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new method for preparing small metal particle composites (cermets) is described. It consists of many sequential depositions on a substrate of small amounts of a metal and an insulator from separate deposition sources. Under certain conditions, this method provides composites which, for metal volume fractions of less than about 0.5, consist of metal spheres with a very narrow size distribution embedded uniformly in the insulating matrix. In addition to the improved morphology of the composites, the new method also allows, for the first time, for control of metal particle size independent of metal volume fraction.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 537-540 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new scanning tunneling microscope (STM) system is described that has been operated in several environments for both topographic imaging and tunnel spectroscopy. This STM shows high resistance to the effects of vibration and thermal drift. The device is unique in its simplicity and has only four moving parts. In addition, the critical tip–sample approach mechanism is inherently reliable and precise. The STM system accommodates a wide range of sample geometries and requires no special sample holder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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