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  • 1
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    Early and middle Miocene Antarctic glacial history from the sedimentary facies distribution in the AND-2A drill hole, Ross Sea, Antarctica (2011)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-01
    Description: In 2007, the Antarctic Geological Drilling Program (ANDRILL) drilled 1138.54 m of strata [~]10 km off the East Antarctic coast, including an expanded early to middle Miocene succession not previously recovered from the Antarctic continental shelf. Here, we present a facies model, distribution, and paleoclimatic interpretation for the AND-2A drill hole, which enable us, for the first time, to reconstruct periods of early and middle Miocene glacial advance and retreat and paleoenvironmental changes at an ice-proximal site. Three types of facies associations can be recognized that imply significantly different paleoclimatic interpretations. (1) A diamictite-dominated facies association represents glacially dominated depositional environments, including subglacial environments, with only brief intervals where ice-free coasts existed, and periods when the ice sheet was periodically larger than the modern ice sheet. (2) A stratified diamictite and mudstone facies association includes facies characteristic of open-marine to iceberg-influenced depositional environments and is more consistent with a very dynamic ice sheet, with a grounding line south of the modern position. (3) A mudstone-dominated facies association generally lacks diamictites and was produced in a glacially influenced hemipelagic depositional environment. Based on the distribution of these facies associations, we can conclude that the Antarctic ice sheets were dynamic, with grounding lines south of the modern location at ca. 20.1-19.6 Ma and ca. 19.3-18.7 Ma and during the Miocene climatic optimum, ca. 17.6-15.4 Ma, with ice-sheet and sea-ice minima at ca. 16.5-16.3 Ma and ca. 15.7-15.6Ma. While glacial minima at ca. 20.1-19.6 Ma and ca. 19.3-18.7 Ma were characterized by temperate margins, an increased abundance of gravelly facies and diatomaceous siltstone and a lack of meltwater plume deposits suggest a cooler and drier climate with polythermal conditions for the Miocene climatic optimum (ca. 17.6-15.4Ma). Several periods of major ice growth with a grounding line traversing the drill site are recognized between ca. 20.2 and 17.6 Ma, and after ca. 15.4 Ma, with evidence of cold polar glaciers with ice shelves. The AND-2A core provides proximal evidence that during the middle Miocene climate transition, an ice sheet larger than the modern ice sheet was already present by ca. 14.7 Ma, [~]1 m.y. earlier than generally inferred from deep-sea oxygen isotope records. These findings highlight the importance of high-latitude ice-proximal records for the interpretation of far-field proxies across major climate transitions.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 2
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    Early to mid-Miocene Antarctic Ice Sheet dynamics [Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-30
    Description: Geological records from the Antarctic margin offer direct evidence of environmental variability at high southern latitudes and provide insight regarding ice sheet sensitivity to past climate change. The early to mid-Miocene (23–14 Mya) is a compelling interval to study as global temperatures and atmospheric CO2 concentrations were similar to those...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Cryogenic origin for brine in the subsurface of southern McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (2010)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: Sampling of interstitial fluids during deep coring in southern McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, revealed the presence of seawater-sourced, hypersaline brine at depths 〉200 m below the sea-floor. Na-Cl-Br and SO4-Cl-Br relationships are consistent with a concentration mechanism that involves the removal of pure H2O as ice and precipitation of mirabilite (Na2SO4·10H2O) during progressive freezing of seawater. The brine is in Neogene subglacial, glacimarine, and marine facies that record advance and retreat of glaciers through the Ross Sea embayment. In this environment, sea ice formation in semi-isolated marine basins that occupied flexural troughs along ice sheet margins produced dense brines that sank and infiltrated the permeable subglacial sediment. Repeated cycles of glacial advance and retreat provided multiple opportunities for batches of seawater to be transformed into brine that now is in the subsurface of southern McMurdo Sound. Results demonstrate the feasibility of brine formation via seawater freezing and attest to the potential of a cryogenic origin for subsurface brines in high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere, as proposed by some workers.
    Description: Published
    Description: 587-590
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: ANDRILL ; SMS Project ; interstitial fluids ; hypersaline brine ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Core description of Hole AND-2A (resolution: 600 m) (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-20
    Keywords: AND-2A; ANDRILL; Antarctic Geological Drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; File size; McMurdo Sound; McMurdo Station; SMS; Southern McMurdo Sound; Uniform resource locator/link to raw data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8 data points
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  • 5
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    (Table 2) Salinity, pH, alkalinity and major ion concentrations in ANDRILL core AND-2A pore water (2009)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Panter, Kurt S; Talarico, Franco M; Bassett, K; Del Carlo, Paola; Field, B; Frank, T; Hoffmann, Stefan; Kuhn, Gerhard; Reichelt, Lucia; Sandroni, Sonja; Taviani, Marco; Bracciali, Laura; Cornamusini, G; von Eynatten, Hilmar; Rocchi, Sergio; SMS Science Team (2009): Petrologic and geochemical composition of the AND-2A Core, ANDRILL Southern McMurdo Sound Project, Antarctica. Terra Antartica, 15(1), 147-192, hdl:10013/epic.36329.d001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-20
    Description: The compositional record of the AND-2A drillcore is examined using petrological, sedimentological, volcanological and geochemical analysis of clasts, sediments and pore waters. Preliminary investigations of basement clasts (granitoids and metasediments) indicate both local and distal sources corresponding to variable ice-volume and ice-flow directions. Low abundance of sedimentary clasts (e.g., arkose, litharenite) suggests reduced contributions from sedimentary covers while intraclasts (e.g., diamictite, conglomerate) attest to intrabasinal reworking. Volcanic material includes pyroclasts (e.g., pumice, scoria), sediments and lava. Primary and reworked tephra layers occur within the Early Miocene interval (1093 to 640 metres below sea floor mbsf). The compositions of volcanic clasts reveal a diversity of alkaline types derived from the McMurdo Volcanic Group. Finer-grained sediments (e.g., sandstone, siltstone) show increases in biogenic silica and volcanic glass from 230 to 780 mbsf and higher proportions of terrigenous material c. 350 to 750 mbsf and below 970 mbsf. Basement clast assemblages suggest a dominant provenance from the Skelton Glacier - Darwin Glacier area and from the Ferrar Glacier - Koettlitz Glacier area. Provenance of sand grains is consistent with clast sources. Thirteen Geochemical Units are established based on compositional trends derived from continuous XRF scanning. High values of Fe and Ti indicate terrigenous and volcanic sources, whereas high Ca values signify either biogenic or diagenic sources. Highly alkaline and saline pore waters were produced by chemical exchange with glass at moderately elevated temperatures.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; AND-2A; Bromide; Chloride; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Lithium; Magnesium; McMurdo Sound; McMurdo Station; pH; Potassium; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Salinity; SMS; Sodium; Southern McMurdo Sound; SPP1158; Sulfate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 234 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Splitcore images of the AND-2A drill core, working half (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-20
    Keywords: AND-2A; ANDRILL; Antarctic Geological Drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; File size; McMurdo Sound; McMurdo Station; SMS; Southern McMurdo Sound; Uniform resource locator/link to image
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4536 data points
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  • 7
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    Wholecore images of the AND-2A drill core (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-20
    Keywords: AND-2A; ANDRILL; Antarctic Geological Drilling; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; File size; McMurdo Sound; McMurdo Station; SMS; Southern McMurdo Sound; Uniform resource locator/link to image
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6192 data points
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  • 8
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    Core description of Hole AND-2A (overview) (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-20
    Keywords: AND-2A; ANDRILL; Antarctic Geological Drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; File size; McMurdo Sound; McMurdo Station; SMS; Southern McMurdo Sound; Uniform resource locator/link to raw data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4 data points
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  • 9
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    Core description of Hole AND-2A (resolution: 4 m) (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-20
    Keywords: AND-2A; ANDRILL; Antarctic Geological Drilling; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; File size; McMurdo Sound; McMurdo Station; SMS; Southern McMurdo Sound; Uniform resource locator/link to raw data file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1140 data points
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  • 10
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    Total clast numbers per meter in sediment core AND-2A (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-20
    Keywords: AND-2A; ANDRILL; Antarctic Geological Drilling; Clasts; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Lithologic unit/sequence; McMurdo Sound; McMurdo Station; SMS; Southern McMurdo Sound
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4416 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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