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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-07-20
    Description: Rapid estimation of the coseismic fault model for medium-to-large-sized earthquakes is key for disaster response. To estimate the coseismic fault model for large earthquakes, the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan and Tohoku University have jointly developed a real-time GEONET analysis system for rapid deformation monitoring (REGARD). REGARD can estimate the single rectangular fault model and slip distribution along the assumed plate interface. The single rectangular fault model is useful as a first-order approximation of a medium-to-large earthquake. To obtain a more robust fault model with its estimation uncertainties, we developed a new method to estimate the coseismic fault model and model uncertainties in real-time based on the Bayesian inversion approach using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. In general, MCMC requires a long mixing time to obtain posterior probabilities, but the developed method can obtain a solution within about 20 seconds after the permanent displacement is acquired, thanks to parallel tempering and other computational efficiency improvements. The developed method has already been implemented in REGARD and has been successfully demonstrated to obtain real-time solutions for several moderate-size earthquakes. Tohoku University and the GSI are also developing a fast estimation method of slip distribution at plate boundaries using MCMC. The presentation will include a more detailed discussion of the advantages of using MCMC to estimate the slip distribution at the plate boundary.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 2
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-08-09
    Description: GNSS continuous observation enables us to rapidly estimate a finite fault model for a large earthquake without saturation of magnitude. Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) operates a dense and nationwide GNSS continuous observation network named GEONET, which is capable of providing 1Hz displacement data in real-time. After a gigantic 2011 earthquake in Japan, GSI in collaboration with Tohoku university launched a REGARD (REal-time GEONET Analysis system for Rapid Deformation monitoring), which offers a finite fault model based on the real-time displacement data observed in GEONET. The REGARD system has successfully provided the co-seismic displacement and finite fault model information for recent M~7 or larger earthquakes. These results are provided to government agencies in a few minutes from an earthquake occurrence and are taken advantage of their initial response and tsunami prediction. To achieve the highest reliability in REGARD, we seek the possibility of applying precise point positioning (PPP) instead of the current relative positioning. PPP can improve the robustness of the real-time positioning subsystem in REGARD by its nature of single positioning. The precise satellite orbit and clock information is generated using MADOCA developed by Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The satellite orbit and clock includes not only GPS and GLONASS but also QZSS, the Japanese satellite positioning system. In our performance assessment, PPP showed a cm-level accuracy, which is close to the performance of RTK.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 3
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-08-09
    Description: Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) is currently developing technologies for GNSS precise orbit determination. The project is performed in collaboration with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). We use MADOCA software developed by JAXA to estimate precise orbits for GNSS that include Japan’s satellite system QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System), as well as GPS and GLONASS. The GNSS precise orbit determination project has important aspects. Firstly, it improves the redundancy of our daily station coordinates of Japan’s GNSS CORS network named GEONET, which consists of over 1,300 stations. At present, the routine analysis completely depends on IGS products. Our results are used to relate the current position with the position aligned to JGD2011, and also used as the basis for real-time high-precision positioning services including Centimeter Level Positioning Augmentation Service (CLAS). Therefore, our own orbit products aligned with the ITRF is important to reduce the dependency of the products on external organizations only. Secondly, QZSS is scheduled to reach a total of seven satellites during FY2023 and FY2024. Thus, it is essential to provide precise QZSS orbits aligned with national geodetic datum, likewise GPS and GLONASS. We reprocessed data for November to December 2020 and assessed the results. Due to the software update that make sure more consistent with the conventions and modeling in IGS repro3, our results well aligned with IGS combined solutions. The consistency is almost comparable to other IGS analysis centers. In our presentation, we will present further results for long-term reprocessing under the framework of repro3.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1549-1551 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Y2O3-doped Eu3+ (Y2O3:Eu) nanometer particles (NPs) were synthesized via a chemical route. The particle size estimated by x-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy was about 61 nm. Two photoluminescence peaks were observed at 582 and 587 nm, being attributed to the transition of 5D0→7F1a of Eu3+ in the S6 and C2 symmetry sites of Y2O3, respectively. The intensity ratio of the photoluminescence peaks at 582 nm to at 587 nm was larger for NPs than for micrometer particles (MPs). The excitation peak of NPs due to the charge-transfer band shifted toward the high-energy side as compared with that of MPs. According to x-ray diffractometry, the lattice distortion and the lattice constant were larger for NPs than for MPs, showing the restructure at the near surface and the increase in ionicity of the Eu–O bond with decreasing particle size. This explains the blueshift in the excitation peak. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 4452-4460 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The "effective'' relaxation time τ of isolated star polymers with excluded volume interactions in the Rouse model limit (i.e., disregarding hydrodynamic interactions present in real solvents) is studied varying both the number of arms f and the number of monomers per arm l. Here τ is defined from the response of the gyration radius of the star polymer to a Kramers potential that describes the effect of shear flow in lowest order in the shear rate. Monte Carlo simulations are performed with two different techniques (simple sampling with enrichment or dynamic Monte Carlo, respectively) for two different models (simple self-avoiding walks with an extended core or the bond fluctuation model, respectively). It is proposed that the ratio τ(f,l)/τ(1,l) should be a universal function of f for large l, and the Monte Carlo data are used to test this hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 95 (1991), S. 4250-4254 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 9608-9617 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A body-centered-cubic (BCC) lattice model with realistic many-body interactions is introduced and investigated by means of the Metropolis' Monte Carlo method to describe both crystalline and molten states of Si. Under the simplest assumption that atoms surrounded by tetrahedral first-neighbors only have an energy lower than the other atoms, a clear first-order phase transition including hysteresis is observed between a solid with diamond structure and a melt. Nucleation and domain growth are dynamically observed in certain range of the supercooling. In order to introduce more realistic and accurate lattice-gas models, the Tersoff potential is renormalized and the interactions are mapped onto a BCC lattice. Then, it is found that the phase transition temperature and other thermodynamic properties are dramatically improved compared with the case using the Tersoff potential directly in the lattice model without renormalization. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 108 (1986), S. 6505-6511 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Habitat International 14 (1990), S. 59-62 
    ISSN: 0197-3975
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geography , Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD) is an autosomal recessive severe muscular dystrophy associated with an anomaly of the brain. Twenty–one FCMD families, 13 of them with consanguineous marriages, were analysed by genetic linkage analyses with polymorphic microsatellite markers ...
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