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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct, spectroscopic measurement of the rotational state distribution of HCl fragments from the vibrational predissociation of ν2=1 (HCl)2 produced by stimulated Raman excitation (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 2385-2387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stimulated Raman excitation of (HCl)2 produces dimers with one quantum in the ν2 H–Cl stretch vibration. HCl fragments from predissociation of the dimers are detected by resonant multiphoton ionization (MPI). The HCl rotational state distribution shows a strong propensity to form the highest energetically accessible states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466483
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    State-resolved, three-dimensional product recoil velocity spectroscopy (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 2259-2270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We describe a conceptually and experimentally simple approach for quantum-state-resolved measurement of the full three-dimensional recoil velocity distribution of the products from photodissociation or photoinitiated chemical reaction. The method uses pulsed lasers to determine two components of the recoil velocity vector, by spatial displacement of a probe laser beam relative to a photolysis laser beam, so we call this method POSTS, for position sensitive translational spectroscopy. The third component of the velocity vector is obtained from Doppler selection, ion time-of-flight mass spectrometry, spatial masking of a detector, or use of a one-dimensional array detector. POSTS requires only a single probe laser, and it is not essential that this laser have a narrow frequency bandwidth. Its TOF measurements can be made with very high resolution on a spatial scale as small as 0.1 cm. POSTS will work with all atomic and molecular species having any magnitude of recoil velocity, and with most pulsed-laser detection techniques. We demonstrate the capabilities of the POSTS method by velocity measurements on the H atoms from photodissociation of HI, and HCl molecules from the vibrational predissociation of (HCl)2. In the latter case the high resolution capabilities of POSTS allow a determination of the bond dissociation energy of the HCl dimer to an accuracy of ±1 cm−1 from TOF measurements on a spatial scale of only 0.1 cm. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470922
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of the vibrational predissociation of HCl dimer (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 3055-3066 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A comprehensive study of the vibrational predissociation dynamics of the HCl dimer is reported. The predissociation lifetimes for three H–Cl stretch vibrationally excited states of (H35Cl)2 have been measured. Companion measurements for the H35Cl•H37Cl complex have also been made. These lifetimes range from 16(2) to 46(5) ns, lifetimes that are more than 106 times longer than the H–Cl stretch vibrational period. The correlated HCl(v′=0,j′)+HCl(v″=0,j″) fragment rotational state distributions have also been determined. These show a predominant dynamical bias that favors the production of j′,j″ pairs that maximize the rotational energy of the fragments and minimize their translational energy. The j′,j″ distribution is well described by a simple energy gap model of the dissociation. The results suggest a complex, for which there are substantial excursions from the equilibrium geometry, dissociation from a wide range of geometries, weak coupling of the H–Cl stretch vibrations to the dissociation coordinate, and a blurring of the distinction between hydrogen bonded and free HCl moieties. These results are consistent with theoretical studies of the HCl dimer potential energy surface. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1286975
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum state distributions of HCl from the ultraviolet photodissociation of HCl dimer (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 7073-7080 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rovibrational state distributions for the HCl product of the 193 nm photodissociation of (HCl)2, (HCl)2+hν→H+Cl+HCl, have been measured. The HCl dimer is prepared in a supersonic expansion of HCl in Ar, and its photoproduct detected by resonant multiphoton ionization under collisionless conditions. The state distributions are extremely "cold," with very little of the available energy deposited in either rotation or vibration of the surviving HCl molecule. Only v′=0 product is observed, and linear rotational surprisal analysis yields an extremely large surprisal parameter, θr′ of 95(8). The results are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1360786
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Approach to Model Heterogonous Recrystallization Kinetics Based on the Natural Inhomogeneity of Deformation (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 558-559 (Oct. 2007), p. 1139-1144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The classical JMAK equation was modified by combination with distribution density ofthe rate parameter k, which was deduced from a normal distribution of local strain. The modifiedequation is able to calculate the JMAK plots and the average Avrami exponent to characterize theentire heterogeneous recrystallization process. This new extension can successfully describe therelevant experimental observations, such as a smaller exponent than the basic JMAK theorypredicts, and a decreasing slope of JMAK plots with the proceeding recrystallization. Moreover, itreveals that the Avrami exponent observed experimentally should significantly decrease with theincreasing standard deviation of local strain distribution. In addition, it has a great potential toexplain why most of experimentally observed values of Avrami exponents are less than 2 and whythe Avrami exponent is insensitive to temperature and deformation conditions when the realstandard deviation of local strain distribution in deformed metals is known
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/17/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.558-559.1139.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure of 430L Stainless Steel Powders during High-Energy Ball Milling (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 561-565 (Oct. 2007), p. 1251-1254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Preparation of nanocrystalline 430L stainless steel powders by high-energy ball milling hasbeen investigated. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-rayDiffraction (XRD) and Matersizer. The SEM observation confirmed that the cold welding andfragmentation behaviors occurred during high-energy ball milling, which has important effect on thechanges of the particle size. In the initial stage (0-10h), particle size increased and crystalline grainsize decreased evidently. The mean particle size got to 330μm and the crystalline grain size got to23nm for sample of 10h ball milling. In the later stage, the particle size decreased and the refinementof crystalline grain became difficult. The crystalline grain size of sample for 50h ball milling only gotto 15nm
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.561-565.1251.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the Influence of Shot Peening on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel Welded Joints (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 575-578 (Apr. 2008), p. 672-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: High residual tensile stress is an important factor contributing to stress corrosion cracking(SCC). Shot peening can impose compressive stresses on the surface of welded joints that negatethe tensile stresses to enhance the SCC resistance of welded joints. In the present work, thedistribution of residual stress caused by welding is measured by X-ray diffraction method. Themaximum stress in the weld is close to the yield strength of AISI 304 stainless steel, and the stressesare negative at both ends of the weld and far from the weld. The X-ray method is also used tomeasure stress caused by shot-peening. The results show that the higher the peening coverage, thehigher the residual compressive stresses in the surface of weldments. While under the samecondition, the residual compressive stresses induced by glass beads shot-peening are larger thanthose by cast steel shots. Temperature and stress fields of welding are simulated by using ABAQUScodes. The 3-D solid elements are used in FEM. Temperature depending on material properties aswell as the convection and radiation as boundary conditions are considered. The 3-D linearreduced-integration elements are used to simulate the shot peening process. The results ofsimulation have a good agreement with experimental data. All unpeened and peened weldments areimmersed in boiling 42% magnesium chloride solution during SCC test. Unpeened specimens crackafter immersion for 6 hours. The steel-peened specimens with 50% coverage crack after 310 hours,while the steel-peened specimens with 100% coverage crack for 3500 hours. However, steel-peenedspecimens with 200% coverage and glass-peened specimens with 50%, 100% and 200% coverageare tested for a total of 3500 hours without visible stress corrosion cracks in the peened surfaces.The experiment results indicate that shot peening is an effective method for protecting weldmentsagainst SCC and weldments peened by glass beads resist SCC better than those peened by steelshots
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/18/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.575-578.672.pdf
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  • 8
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    Ultratough graphene–black phosphorus films (2020)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-06
    Description: Graphene-based films with high toughness have many promising applications, especially for flexible energy storage and portable electrical devices. Achieving such high-toughness films, however, remains a challenge. The conventional mechanisms for improving toughness are crack arrest or plastic deformation. Herein we demonstrate black phosphorus (BP) functionalized graphene films with record toughness by combining crack arrest and plastic deformation. The formation of covalent bonding P-O-C between BP and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets not only reduces the voids of GO film but also improves the alignment degree of GO nanosheets, resulting in high compactness of the GO film. After further chemical reduction and π-π stacking interactions by conjugated molecules, the alignment degree of rGO nanosheets was further improved, and the voids in lamellar graphene film were also further reduced. Then, the compactness of the resultant graphene films and the alignment degree of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets are further improved. The toughness of the graphene film reaches as high as ∼51.8 MJ m−3, the highest recorded to date. In situ Raman spectra and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the record toughness is due to synergistic interactions of lubrication of BP nanosheets, P-O-C covalent bonding, and π-π stacking interactions in the resultant graphene films. Our tough black phosphorus functionalized graphene films with high tensile strength and excellent conductivity also exhibit high ambient stability and electromagnetic shielding performance. Furthermore, a supercapacitor based on the tough films demonstrated high performance and remarkable flexibility.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Insufficient autophagy: a novel autophagic flux scenario uncovered by impaired liver TFEB-mediated lysosomal biogenesis from chronic alcohol-drinking mice (2018)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-29
    Print ISSN: 1554-8627
    Electronic ISSN: 1554-8635
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Taylor & Francis
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  • 10
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    Nuclear modification factors of strange and multi-strange particles in pPb collisions with the CMS experiment (2018)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-01
    Print ISSN: 1742-6588
    Electronic ISSN: 1742-6596
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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