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  • 1
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    Improving Seismic Surveillance at Mt. Etna Volcano by Probabilistic Earthquake Location in a 3D Model (2013)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-01
    Description: The increasing accuracy of 3D velocity models developed recently for Mt. Etna has enabled their use today in routine earthquake locations. In this work, we tested the potential and performance of a global-search probabilistic earthquake location method (NonLinLoc) in a 3D velocity model, to improve earthquake locations for seismic surveillance. In addition, NonLinLoc hypocenter locations and those obtained by standard iterative-linear 3D locations, SimulPS-14, have also been compared. To this end, a dataset of 328 selected earthquakes, occurring during the 2002–2003 Etna flank eruption, and the recent highest resolution 3D velocity model, have been used. The results revealed that the differences in hypocentral coordinates between the two methods are typically of the same order or smaller than the spatial location uncertainty. To evaluate the consistency of results between the two 3D location algorithms, synthetic datasets with real source–receiver configuration are also considered. Furthermore, by using NonLinLoc we estimated the influence of the source–receiver geometry on the quality of hypocenter locations. If we vary the network geometry in a dense and well-distributed network like at Etna, reducing the number of stations (by 20% and 50%), it is significant that no large systematic hypocentral shifts of the relocated earthquakes are observed if they occur within the network. NonLinLoc is a fast and promising approach for automatic earthquake locations and surveillance purposes at Mt. Etna, because (1) it works well with a reduced number of seismic pickings, which are usually available in the automatic locations; (2) it is not particularly sensitive to tolerable levels of random noise in arrival times; and (3) it produces full location uncertainty and resolution information with respect to standard iterative-linear 3D locations.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 2
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    Seismological features of the Pernicana–Provenzana Fault System (Mt. Etna, Italy) and implications for the dynamics of northeastern flank of the volcano (2013)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0377-0273
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-6097
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
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    The earthquake of 6 September 2002 and the seismic history of Palermo (Northern Sicily, Italy): Implications for the seismic hazard assessment of the city (2004)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-10-01
    Description: On September 6, 2002, a ML = 5.6 earthquake, occurring some tens of kilometres offshore from the Northern Sicilian coast (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea), slightly damaged the city of Palermo and surroundings (degree 6 in the European Macroseismic Scale 1998). The macroseismic investigation of the shock and a detailed study of effects of the main earthquakes which affected Palermo in the past have been performed in order to evaluate the seismic response of the city. Moreover, the comparison of the recent event, which is instrumentally constrained, with historical earthquakes allows us to infer new insights on the seismogenic sources of the area, that seem located offshore in the Tyrrhenian sea. In the last 500 years, Palermo has never been com pletely destroyed but has suffered effects estimated between intensities 6 and 8 EMS-98 many times (1693, 1726, 1751, 1823, 1940, 1968, 2002). The damage scenarios of the analysed events have shown that damage distribution is strongly conditioned by soil response in the different parts of the city and by a high building vulnerability, mainly in the historical centre and in the south-eastern zone of the modern city. As a matter of fact, Palermo has always suffered greater effects than those reported for other nearby localities. The hazard assessment obtained using observed site intensities has shown that the probability of occurrence for intensity 8 (the strongest intensity observed in Palermo) exceeds 99% for 550 years, while the estimated mean return period is 152±40 years. These results, in connection with building vulnerability due to the urban expansion before the introduction of seismic code, suggest that the city is exposed to a relatively high seismic risk. © Kluwer Academic Publishers 2004.
    Print ISSN: 1383-4649
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-157X
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    Improving Seismic Surveillance at Mt. Etna Volcano by Probabilistic Earthquake Location in a 3D Model (2013)
    Seismological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-31
    Description: The increasing accuracy of 3D velocity models developed recently for Mt. Etna has enabled their use today in routine earthquake locations. In this work, we tested the potential and performance of a global-search probabilistic earthquake location method (NonLinLoc) in a 3D velocity model, to improve earthquake locations for seismic surveillance. In addition, NonLinLoc hypocenter locations and those obtained by standard iterative-linear 3D locations, SimulPS-14, have also been compared. To this end, a dataset of 328 selected earthquakes, occurring during the 2002-2003 Etna flank eruption, and the recent highest resolution 3D velocity model, have been used. The results revealed that the differences in hypocentral coordinates between the two methods are typically of the same order or smaller than the spatial location uncertainty. To evaluate the consistency of results between the two 3D location algorithms, synthetic datasets with real source-receiver configuration are also considered. Furthermore, by using NonLinLoc we estimated the influence of the source-receiver geometry on the quality of hypocenter locations. If we vary the network geometry in a dense and well-distributed network like at Etna, reducing the number of stations (by 20% and 50%), it is significant that no large systematic hypocentral shifts of the relocated earthquakes are observed if they occur within the network. NonLinLoc is a fast and promising approach for automatic earthquake locations and surveillance purposes at Mt. Etna, because (1) it works well with a reduced number of seismic pickings, which are usually available in the automatic locations; (2) it is not particularly sensitive to tolerable levels of random noise in arrival times; and (3) it produces full location uncertainty and resolution information with respect to standard iterative-linear 3D locations.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America
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  • 5
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    Seismic strain and seismogenic stress regimes in the crust of the southern Tyrrhenian region (2003)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0012-821X
    Electronic ISSN: 1385-013X
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 6
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    Stability and significance tests forb-value anomalies: Example from the Tyrrhenian Sea (2003)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 7
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    Il terremoto di Palermo del 6 settembre 2002: effetti macrosismici (2012)
    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: On September 6, 2002, at 01:21 GMT, the western part of the Tyrrhenian coast of Sicily was hit by an earthquake of magnitude ML = 5.6, representing the mainshock of a seismic sequence of roughly 500 earthquakes recorded in about one month. The event, although characterized by a moderate magnitude and located some forty kilometres offshore, produced relevant macroseismic effects in the Palermo area. A macroseismic survey was carried out soon after the earthquake with the aim of defining, for Civil Protection purposes, the damage scenario over a territory which is densely urbanised. In all, 134 localities were investigated. Damage generally depended on the high vulnerability of the buildings both for problems related to the old age - as is the case of the Palermo historical centre - and for peculiar unfavourable conditions due to site effects, particularly in some quarters of the city and in the nearby locality of Ficarazzi. Damage to masonry consisted of falling plaster, failure of corner walls, diagonal cracks in walls and widening of previous fissures. Some degraded buildings, almost abandoned and with evident lack of maintenance, suffered partial structural failure of roofs and floors. As regards reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings, several edifices with 5-10 storeys suffered cracks in partitions and infill walls, sometimes with failure of these elements, and falling plaster. Fine cracks in beams of frames have also been observed, but without determining significant structural problems. In general, damage affects the lowest storeys of the RC frame buildings. According to the European Macroseismic Scale 1998, the maximum value of intensity, 6, was assigned to Palermo and Ficarazzi. The earthquake has also provoked effects on natural surroundings. Two types of phenomena have been detected: (i) hydrological effects and (ii) slope instability processes. The most relevant was the landslide which occurred near the village of Cerda, 60 km from the epicentre.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-15
    Description: 1.11. TTC - Osservazioni e monitoraggio macrosismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Palermo ; terremoto 2002 ; macrosismica ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Terremoti con effetti macrosismici in Sicilia orientale nel periodo Gennaio 2002 - Dicembre 2005 (2007)
    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-20
    Description: Il presente lavoro è costituito dalla raccolta sistematica delle indagini macrosismiche eseguite in occasione dei terremoti più energetici verificatisi in Sicilia orientale dal Gennaio 2002 al Dicembre 2005. Esso rappresenta l’estensione, agli anni più recenti, della compilazione effettuata per il periodo 1999-2001 [Azzaro et al., 2002], e più in generale è inserita nel contesto delle attività di pronto intervento macrosismico effettuate regolarmente in ambito regionale dal 1988. L’esecuzione di rilievi in occasione di eventi sismici significativi è una prassi ormai consolidata nelle attività di monitoraggio dell’INGV, che recentemente ha istituito a tal fine il gruppo di lavoro denominato QUEST (QUick Earthquake Survey Team, DP n° 44 del 25/02/2004). I dati raccolti assolvono ad una duplice funzione: 1) nell’immediatezza di un evento sismico, a definire il quadro degli effetti a supporto degli interventi di Protezione Civile e della Comunità Scientifica; 2) a risolvere lacune e problemi interpretativi dei terremoti del passato attraverso il confronto con gli effetti macrosismici degli eventi attuali. La raccolta sistematica di dati macrosismici anche nel caso di eventi di bassa magnitudo, che interessano estensioni areali limitate come quelle etnee, è comunque importante per l’implementazione di banche dati e cataloghi macrosismici sia a livello locale che nazionale. Nel primo caso è stato aggiornato il catalogo macrosismico dei terremoti etnei [Azzaro et al., 2000], recentemente reso disponibile anche su Internet. Nel secondo caso, la più recente versione del catalogo parametrico dei terremoti italiani [Gruppo di Lavoro CPTI, 2004] utilizzata per la redazione della nuova mappa di pericolosità sismica del territorio nazionale (Ordinanza PCM 3274 del 20/03/2003), incorpora i dati dei terremoti siciliani al di sopra della soglia del danno pubblicati in Azzaro et al. [2002, 2003]. I rilievi macrosismici di seguito riportati sono relativi a tutti i terremoti oltre la soglia del danno verificatisi nel periodo considerato, ovvero a quegli eventi che sono stati avvertiti in modo significativo dalla popolazione (Figura 1). In larga parte si tratta di eventi di area etnea che, soprattutto nel corso del 2002, hanno provocato effetti macrosismici di rilievo. Tra i terremoti regionali riportati, non è incluso il terremoto di Palermo del 2002 per il quale è disponibile uno studio specifico [Azzaro et al., 2003].
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-62
    Description: 1.11. TTC - Osservazioni e monitoraggio macrosismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: NONE ; Sicilia ; terremoti ; macrosismica ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 4332185 bytes
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  • 9
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    The L’Aquila 2009 earthquake: an application of the European Macroseismic Scale to the damage survey in the epicentral area (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: On April 6, 2009 a Mw 6.3 earthquake heavily damaged the city of L'Aquila, its suburbs and several localities along the Aterno valley. The extent of the damage was the result of several factors, among which the high vulnerability of the ancient buildings but in some cases also of the modern ones, the structure of the urban centres and the site effects deriving from local critical geological conditions. We present the results of the macroseismic investigation carried out in the epicentral area by using the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS), a more suitable scale than the Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg (MCS) one in evaluating rather complex damage scenarios. The maximum intensity has been estimated for Onna (IX EMS), the historical centre of L’Aquila, and for Castelnuovo, Pettino and S. Elia (VIII-IX EMS). On the whole, some 30 localities within an area that extends for 35 km in a NW-SE direction suffered significant damage (VII-VIII EMS). Finally, we discuss the differences in the intensity assessment deriving from the interpretation of the MCS and EMS scales.
    Description: Published
    Description: 561-581
    Description: 1.11. TTC - Osservazioni e monitoraggio macrosismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: macroseismic survey ; intensity assessment ; EMS ; vulnerability ; L'Aquila ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Terremoti con effetti macrosismici in Sicilia orientale nel periodo Gennaio 2009 - Dicembre 2013 (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Sono analizzati ed elaborati i dati dei rilievi macrosismici relativi ai terremoti verificatisi in Sicilia nel periodo 2009-2013. Si tratta di eventi che hanno provocato effetti macrosismici di rilievo e/o danneggiamento per la maggior parte localizzati nellâ area etnea, cui si aggiungono alcuni terremoti di magnitudo moderata, legati a sequenze sismiche significative verificatisi nei settori ibleo, peloritano e eoliano. I dati sono stati raccolti e elaborati secondo le procedure operative di prassi adottate in questi casi dal gruppo QUEST (ex-TTC 1.11 â Osservazioni e monitoraggio macrosismico del territorio nazionaleâ ) dellâ INGV, e successivamente parametrizzati secondo gli standard adottati per la compilazione del catalogo CPTI e banca dati macrosismica DBMI (ex-TTC 5.1 â Banche dati e metodi macrosismiciâ ).
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-57
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Macroseismic ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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