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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct Current-Voltage Failure of Lead-Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics with Silver Doping (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of silver doping on the DC-voltage resistance failure of lead-based relaxor ferroelectrics was investigated via temperature-humidity-bias (THB) testing, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and electrical measurements. The failure rate of silver-doped specimens was found to increase significantly with the doping level during the THB test. However, some degraded specimens can partially recover their electrical properties after a few days of storing in natural conditions. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that silver could be incorporated into the perovskite lattice in the range of silver contents studied. The presence of an inner-bias field in the degraded ceramics was first demonstrated through hysteresis property measurement. Based on these results, it was inferred that the accumulation of oxygen vacancies under DC-voltage should be responsible for the inner-bias field, which consequently resulted in the increase of electronic defects in the ceramics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03572.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of Electroplating-Induced Degradation of PMZNT Relaxor Ferroelectrics (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Resistance degradation of lead magnesium niobate-based (PMZNT) ceramics during nickel electroplating was investigated using resistivity measurement and auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analysis. It was found that the resistivity of the ceramics remained nearly unchanged at the initial stage of the electroplating, and, as electroplating time increased, the resistivity decreased rapidly. An AES depth profile analysis of a degraded specimen showed oxygen content in the surface to be lower than the theoretical value, and the relationship of oxygen content and detection depth was obtained. The results indicated that Pb2+ and Nb5+ were reduced to lower valence states and oxygen in the lattice was lost, thereby leading to a generation of oxygen vacancies. Hence, the conductivity of the dielectrics was enhanced. The results also indicated that only the outermost surface had suffered the reducing effect induced by hydrogen generated during nickel electroplating, whereas the bulk material remained impervious.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00114.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Prototyping of Piezoelectric Ceramics via Selective Laser Sintering and Gelcasting (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This article presents a new lost mold rapid prototyping method which combines selective laser sintering (SLS) and gelcasting techniques for fabricating piezoelectric ceramics. SLS was used to fabricate sacrificial molds of the desired structure of the ceramic part. Then aqueous PZT (lead zirconate titanate) suspension was cast in the mold and solidified in situ through formation of a three-dimensional network gel. Because the polymer mold can be easily removed at the initial stage of sintering and the gelcast PZT body has a high green strength, the desired geometry of the PZT part can be completely retained after sintering of the ceramics. Complex-shaped PZT parts were successfully fabricated after using concentrated PZT suspension with low viscosity. Densities and electrical properties, such as the d33, the relative permittivity ε, the dielectric loss tgδ and the electromechanical coupling factor Kp of the gelcast PZT parts were also compared with those of the die-pressed PZT samples. The results indicated that the gel-forming process did not deteriorate the electrical properties of the samples, if proper dispersant was selected in developing concentrated ceramic slurry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2004.tb19938.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Discernible Dielectric Aging Effect in the Undoped, N2-H2-Annealed Lead Magnesium Niobate—Lead Titanate Ceramic (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: It is well known that the undoped Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 ceramics, prepared through conventional ceramic processing, present no evident aging effect. In this paper, however, a discernible aging phenomenon was observed in an undoped, N2-H2-annealed ceramic. When this sample was later annealed again in air, this effect became negligible again just like that of a normally prepared PMN—PT ceramic. The valence states of Ti ions, which may be changeable in different annealing atmospheres, were assumed to be responsible for the different degrees of aging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03067.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and Characterization of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Films on SrTiO3 Substrates (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 475-479 (Jan. 2005), p. 1583-1586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films have attracted great attention due to their superiorferroelectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties. The epitaxial films on single-crystal substrates are expected to possess enhanced properties compared with polycrystalline films on conventional silicon wafers. We prepared epitaxial PZT films on STO (STO) substrates with different orientation by using a sol-gel method. The preparation parameters were optimized to improve crystallization of the films. Although the films were of the same composition and prepared under the same condition, different crystal phases with corresponding preferential film orientations were formed when the substrate orientation was changed. [001]-oriented tetragonal PZT film was formed on the {100} surface of the STO substrate, whereas [111]-oriented rhombohedral PZT film on the {111} surface
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/09/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.475-479.1583.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and Electrical Properties of Dense Bi〈sub〉4〈/sub〉Ti〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉12〈/sub〉 Ceramics by Spark Plasma Sintering (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 280-283 (Feb. 2007), p. 141-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The family of bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics is attractive from the viewpoint of their application as electronic materials such as dielectrics, piezoelectrics and pyroelectrics. However, during conventional sintering method, high sintering temperature and long sintering time were needed and it is difficult to get BIT ceramic with a density more than 95% of its theoretic value. In the present paper, we produce dense BIT pellet using a spark plasma sintering process. The results show that at a sintering temperature as low as 7000C/5min under a pressure of 25MPa, BIT ceramics with a density about 99% of its theoretic can be produced. The densities, grain size and electrical properties of the resulting ceramic were also investigated
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/48/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.280-283.141.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of BST Films by Electrophoretic Deposition from Nano-Scaled (Ba,Sr)TiO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 Synthesized by Different Methods (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 280-283 (Feb. 2007), p. 243-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: (Ba,Sr)TiO3 films with thickness between 1 ~ 20 µm are fabricated by electrophoretic deposition using (Ba,Sr)TiO3 nanopowder synthesized by different methods including sol-gel, coprecipitation and conventional solid phase synthesis. Experiments show that conventional solid phase synthesis need higher crystallization temperature (〉1000°C) and result in larger size of particlewhile in sol-gel and coprecipitation process (Ba,Sr)TiO3 crystallizes at lower temperature and results in smaller size of particle . Powders synthesized from various routes have different surface property. Deposition parameter must be adjusted accordingly to obtain dense and smooth (Ba,Sr)TiO3 film
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/49/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.280-283.243.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabricating Metal Patterned Ceramic Substance by Tape-Casting (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 280-283 (Feb. 2007), p. 757-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Tape-casting technology is introduced to fabricate metal-arrayes patterned ceramic substance containing periodic multilayer silver wire structure in the low dielectric constant ceramic matrix for microvave bandgap materials and left hand material application. One important advantage of the metal patterned ceramic substance comparing with the periodic structures fabricated on the printed circuit boards (PCB) using a shadow mask/etching technique is that complex multilayer structure can be designed and fabricated in the ceramic body as well as on the surface by the tape-casting process, while the shadow mask/etching technique technology can only design patterns on the surface of printed circuitboards. An Hp8720ES network analyzer was used to measure the transmission properties of the metal patterned ceramic substance. The experimental result shows some novel properties at X-band microwave frequencies. The metal patterned ceramic substance can be used in the microwave communication, such asmicrowave antenna
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/49/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.280-283.757.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Ni Nano-Powders Addition on the Dielectric Properties of Ba(Ti,Zr)O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 Based Y5V Ceramics (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 124-126 (June 2007), p. 691-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper, the influence of nickel (Ni) nano-powders addition on the microstructuresand dielectric properties of Ba(Ti,Zr)O3 based Y5V non-reducing ceramics were investigated. TheX-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the primary phase was Ba(Ti,Zr)O3 and no Ni phaseappeared until the amount of Ni exceeded 5mol%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM)observation showed that the Ni particles distributed homogenously throughout BTZ ceramic matrix.The incorporation of Ni altered the perovskite lattice parameters and thus led to the change ofpolarization degree under electric field and the improvement of the dielectric constant at Curietemperature
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/23/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.124-126.691.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Processing on Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of Ultrafine- Grained Barium Titanate Based Ceramics for BME-MLCC Applications (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 368-372 (Feb. 2008), p. 43-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Ultrafine-grained ceramics based on nano-scale barium titanate for BME-MLCC applicationshave been prepared. Relationships of milling time, microstructures and dielectric properties have beeninvestigated. With processing selected carefully, the present ceramics show ultrafine grain size (180nm)and homogeneous microstructures, well with high dielectric constant (ε25=2550), low dielectric loss(〈0.02), high resistivity, high breakdown field and X7R temperature specifications, which would bepromising materials for the next generation BME-MLCC applications
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/56/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.368-372.43.pdf
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