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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soluble Carbohydrates in the Bark of Italian Prune (Prunus domestica) Trees (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 24 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Bark samples were removed from 1-year-old stems of Italian prune trees at intervals throughout the growing season (June–August). Glucose, fructose, sucrose, traces of raffinose and a polyol were detected in ethanolic extracts of the bark. The polyol was isolated and shown to be d-glucitol. The use of insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone proved to be the best method for decolorizing bark extracts prior to quantitative analysis of ethanol-soluble carbohydrates by paper chromato-graphic methods. Glucitol was the major carbohydrate in the bark throughout the season. Sucrose was the major sugar, decreasing gradually as the season advanced. Fructose and glucose were found in lesser and about equal amounts. The amount of glucitol, glucose and fructose was high in June, decreased to a minimum in mid-July, increased sharply in late July and early August and decreased later in the season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1971.tb03481.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mannitol Biosynthesis in Pyrenochaeta terrestris II. D-Mannitol-l-phosphatase (1969)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 22 (1969), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Cell-free extracts of mycelial mats of Pyrenochaeta terrestris contained an enzyme which hydrolyzed mannitol-l-phosphate to mannitol and inorganic phosphate. Greatest mannitol-1-phosphatase activity occurred early in the growth period when the mannitol content of the mats was at a maximum. The enzyme was active over a broad pH range with optimum activity between pH 6.5–7.0 in 0.05 M Tris-maleate buffer. Maiinitnl-1-phosphatase was inhibited by reagents known to inhibit enzymes containing -SH groups. A 10-fold purification was attained by a combination of (NII4)2 SO4 fractionation and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. The partially purified enzyme required Mg−2 for activity and did not hydrolyze a number of sugar phosphates. Km values for mannitol-l-phosphate and Mg−2 with the partially purified extract were 3 × 10−3 M and 1 × 10−4 M respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1969.tb07428.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methods to increase the starch content of potato tuber callus tissue (1993)
    Springer
    Potato research 36 (1993), S. 293-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: mannitol ; sugars ; temperature ; tissue culture ; Solanum tuberosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Attempts were made to increase the starch content of callus tissue from tubers of cvs Lemhi Russet and Russet Burbank by varying growth regulator concentration, sugar source, sugar concentration, temperature and callus shape. Starch content was always higher in media containing no growth regulators. Callus spread over the media contained more starch than unbroken rectangular or cube-shaped callus. Sucrose was superior to glucose and fructose for starch formation. A sucrose concentration of 20 % produced more starch than lower concentrations. Callus growth decreased as the sucrose concentration increased. ‘Lemhi Russet’ callus incubated with 8 % sucrose at 20, 25 and 30 °C contained 1.2, 0.4 and 0.8 % starch respectively, which was much higher than in ‘Russet Burbank’ callus. With varying amounts of mannitol as an osmoticum in 8 % sucrose, the most starch was found in the medium containing 5 % mannitol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02361795
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auxin activity of phenylacetic acid in tissue culture (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of plant growth regulation 9 (1990), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The ability of phenylacetic acid (PAA), a naturally occurring auxin, to initiate and support growth of callus and suspension cultures of several species is reported. Callus tissue of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. var. WI-38), initiated and maintained on a medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), was transferred to and maintained on media supplemented with 25–500 μM PAA as the only plant growth regulator (PGR). Optimal concentrations of PAA were determined for tobacco callus proliferation in the dark (250 μM PAA) and with a 16-h light/8-h dark photoperiod (500 μM PAA). Tobacco suspension cultures were maintained for over 28 transfers in media containing 20–40 μM PAA as the sole PGR. When tobacco callus tissue maintained on PAA-supplemented media for over 18 months was transferred to liquid media containing kinetin, plantlets were regenerated. Callus of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. var. Russian Mammoth) proliferated on media containing PAA at 5–250 μM as the sole PGR. Similar PAA concentrations inhibited normal development and promoted callus formation in tobacco and pea (Pisum sativum L. vars. common, Frogel, and Frimas) epicotyl tissue. PAA as the sole PGR did not support the growth of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill var. Fiskeby) callus or suspension cultures. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. var. UC-5) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medic. var. Laird) callus cultures proliferated on media containing 25–500 μM PAA, but habituation of the cultures was common. PAA was not toxic to tobacco, chickpea, and lentil tissues at levels as high as 500 μM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02041944
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiation and culture of potato tuber callus tissue with picloram (1990)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 9 (1990), S. 341-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: callus ; Gelrite ; picloram ; potato tuber ; Solanum tuberosum L ; suspension cultures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Callus cultures of 7 potato cultivars were initiated from tuber tissue and maintained on Gelrite-solidified media with 1–20 μM picloram as the only PGR. Ten μM picloram was the optimal concentration for callus induction. By 4–6 weeks after explanting, there was sufficient callus produced for subculture to maintenance media which contained 1–20 μM picloram as the only PGR. When grown in the dark at 25°C, subcultured callus typically increased 10-fold in wet weight in 4–5 weeks. The callus produced was friable and a light grey to cream color. Callus cultures were used to establish cell suspension cultures. Callus and cell suspension cultures have been maintained for over 2 years on the picloram containing media.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024919
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability and utilization of picloram, vitamins, and sucrose in a tissue culture medium (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 25 (1991), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Murashige & Skoog medium ; nicotinic acid ; picloram ; pyridoxine ; sucrose ; thiamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nicotinic acid, pyridoxine, and picloram were stable in a liquid MS culture medium (pH 5.5–5.6) during autoclaving and during cell-free incubation in the dark at 5°C or 25°C for up to 6 weeks. Thiamine loss under the same conditions was 16% at 5°C and 18% at 25°C. Five percent of the sucrose in the liquid medium was hydrolyzed during autoclaving. During cell-free incubation in the light (100 μE m−2 s−1) at 25°C, pyridoxine was not detected after 6 days, while 78% of the picloram and 56% of the thiamine were degraded after 6 weeks. All of the niacin and pyridoxine, 13% of the picloram and 42% of the thiamine in a liquid MS culture medium were utilized in 4 days by potato (cv. Lemhi Russet) tuber suspension cultures growing in the dark at 25°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033911
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