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  • 1
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    An algorithm for LET-analysis (1972)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9155
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6560
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 2
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    Studies of the dose-effect relation (1989)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-4754
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    Design criteria and performance parameters of an alpha irradiation device for cell studies (1989)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9155
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6560
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the dose-effect relation (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Cell survival ; dose dependence ; relative biological effectiveness ; linear energy transfer ; microdosimetry parameters of the dose dependence ; repair ; misrepair
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dose-effect relations and, specifically, cell survival curves are surveyed with emphasis on the interplay of the random factors — biological variability, stochastic reaction of the cell, and the statistics of energy deposition —that co-determine their shape. The global parameters mean inactivation dose, $$\bar D$$ , and coefficient of variance, V, represent this interplay better than conventional parameters. Mechanisms such as lesion interaction, misrepair, repair overload, or repair depletion have been invoked to explain sigmoid dose dependencies, but these notions are partly synonymous and are largely undistinguishable on the basis of observed dose dependencies. All dose dependencies reflect, to varying degree, the microdosimetric fluctuations of energy deposition, and these have certain implications, e.g. the linearity of the dose dependence at small doses, that apply regardless of unresolved molecular mechanisms of cellular radiation action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01990448
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concepts of microdosimetry (1975)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 12 (1975), S. 321-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary This is the last part of an investigation of microdosimetric concepts relevant to numerical calculations. A formula is derived which permits the computation of the dose average lineal energy, $$\bar yD$$ , or the corresponding average of the specific energy without the need to determine the probability distributions,f(y) orf 1(z). A detailed treatment is given for two cases of practical importance. The first case corresponds to spherical sites with diameters of the order of 1 µm and to neutrons up to 15 MeV. The second case corresponds to microscopic sites which are small enough that the change of the stopping power of charged particles traversing the site can be neglected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323420
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computation of microdosimetric distributions for small sites (1977)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 14 (1977), S. 123-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary Object of this study is the computation of microdosimetric functions for sites which are too small to permit experimental determination of the distributions by Rossi-counters. The calculations are performed on simulated tracks generated by Monte-Carlo techniques. The first part of the article deals with the computational procedure. The second part presents numerical results for protons of energies 0.5, 5, 20 MeV and for site diameters of 5, 10, 100 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01332148
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibrating and testing tissue equivalent proportional counters with37Ar (1994)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 33 (1994), S. 353-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method for testing and calibrating tissue equivalent proportional counters with37Ar is described.37Ar is produced by exposure of argon in its normal isotope composition to thermal neutrons. It is shown that - up to volume ratios of 0.01 of argon to the tissue equivalent gas - there is no appreciable effect of the argon admixture on the function of the proportional counter. Conventional calibration methods with characteristic x-rays or with α-particles require modifications of the detectors, and they test only small sub-volumes in the counters. In contrast, argon permits calibrations and tests of the resolution that are representative for the entire counter volume and that do not require changes in detector construction. The method is equally applicable to multi-element proportional counters; it is here exemplified by its application to a long cylindrical counter of simplified design that is part of such a multi-element configuration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01210456
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A hybrid likelihood algorithm for risk modelling (1995)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 34 (1995), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The risk of radiation-induced cancer is assessed through the follow-up of large cohorts, such as atomic bomb survivors or underground miners who have been occupationally exposed to radon and its decay products. The models relate to the dose, age and time dependence of the excess tumour rates, and they contain parameters that are estimated in terms of maximum likelihood computations. The computations are performed with the software package EPICURE, which contains the two main options of person-by person regression or of Poisson regression with grouped data. The Poisson regression is most frequently employed, but there are certain models that require an excessive number of cells when grouped data are used. One example involves computations that account explicitly for the temporal distribution of continuous exposures, as they occur with underground miners. In past work such models had to be approximated, but it is shown here that they can be treated explicitly in a suitably reformulated person-by person computation of the likelihood. The algorithm uses the familiar partitioning of the log-likelihood into two terms,L 1 andL 0. The first term,L 1, represents the contribution of the ‘events’ (tumours). It needs to be evaluated in the usual way, but constitutes no computational problem. The second term,L 0, represents the event-free periods of observation. It is, in its usual form, unmanageable for large cohorts. However, it can be reduced to a simple form, in which the number of computational steps is independent of cohort size. The method requires less computing time and computer memory, but more importantly it leads to more stable numerical results by obviating the need for grouping the data. The algorithm may be most relevant to radiation risk modelling, but it can facilitate the modelling of failure-time data in general.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01210540
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Childhood leukemia in Belarus before and after the Chernobyl accident (1996)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 35 (1996), S. 75-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Childhood leukemia (ICD 204–208 [1]) incidence rates in the different regions of Belarus are reported for a period before and after the Chernobyl accident (1982–1994). There are, at this point, no recognizable trends towards higher rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02434028
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generalization of the variance-covariance method for microdosimetric measurements (1996)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 35 (1996), S. 111-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract   The variance method of microdosimetric measurements and its extension, the variance-covariance method, permit the determination of an essential parameter of radiation quality, the dose mean event size, y d . The methods have – among other advantages – the feature that they permit measurements for smaller simulated sites than the conventional single-event technique. It is, therefore, desirable to employ them also for the determination of further moments of the distribution of y. The formulae for the first three moments are here derived both for the case of constant dose rate and of fluctuating dose rates. A second article will use the same mathematical approach to deduce formulae that remain valid even if there are slow changes of the ratio of dose rates in the two detectors for the variance-covariance method. A third article will explore – in terms of microdosimetric data – the applicability of the formulae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004110050017
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