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Natal homing and connectivity in Atlantic bluefin tuna populations (2008)

J. R. Rooker ; D. H. Secor ; G. De Metrio ; [et al.]

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 322(5902): 742-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1161473.

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Publication Date: 2008-10-04

Description: Atlantic bluefin tuna populations are in steep decline, and an improved understanding of connectivity between individuals from eastern (Mediterranean Sea) and western (Gulf of Mexico) spawning areas is needed to manage remaining fisheries. Chemical signatures in the otoliths of yearlings from regional nurseries were distinct and served as natural tags to assess natal homing and mixing. Adults showed high rates of natal homing to both eastern and western spawning areas. Trans-Atlantic movement (east to west) was significant and size-dependent, with individuals of Mediterranean origin mixing with the western population in the U.S. Atlantic. The largest (oldest) bluefin tuna collected near the northern extent of their range in North American waters were almost exclusively of western origin, indicating that this region represents critical habitat for the western population.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rooker, Jay R -- Secor, David H -- De Metrio, Gregorio -- Schloesser, Ryan -- Block, Barbara A -- Neilson, John D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Oct 31;322(5902):742-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1161473. Epub 2008 Oct 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University, 5007 Avenue U, Galveston, TX 77551, USA. rookerj@tamug.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18832611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; Ecosystem ; Fisheries ; *Homing Behavior ; Likelihood Functions ; Mediterranean Sea ; Otolithic Membrane/chemistry ; Oxygen Isotopes/analysis ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Tuna/growth & development/*physiology

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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Effect of diet on fatty acid compositions in Sciaenops ocellatus (2005)

Turner, J. P. ; Rooker, J. R.

Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd

Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1095-8649

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: The role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the fatty acid composition of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus was investigated. Individuals (n = 435) were fed three natural diets (Gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus, brown shrimp Farfantapenaeus aztecus and Atlantic brief squid Lolliguncula brevis) that had significantly different proximate composition, energy density and PUFA compositions for 40 days. Diets were characterized as containing: high lipid, high protein, high energy and low PUFA (fish-based), low lipid, low protein, low energy, moderate PUFA (shrimp-based), and low lipid, high protein, moderate energy and high PUFA levels (squid-based), respectively. Specimens were collected at days 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 to evaluate rate of dietary fatty acid composition in tissues. Two-source mixing models were used to calculate dietary fatty acid accumulation in consumer tissues. Results indicated that juvenile red drum incorporated an average of 35% dietary PUFAs after 5 days. Although relative biomass and dietary proximate composition had an effect upon the dietary fatty acid contribution, red drum averaged 91% incorporation of the five most prevalent PUFAs [18 : 2 (n − 6), 20 : 4 (n − 6), 20 : 5 (n − 3), 22 : 5 (n − 3) and 22 : 6 (n − 3)] across all diets after 40 days. Growth varied as a function of diet and rates were higher for individuals fed the squid diet than those fed shrimp or fish diets primarily due to increased levels of protein and PUFAs [including 22 : 6 (n − 3); 25·8%] in the diet. Red drum fed squid exhibited the greatest increase in average dietary fatty acid contribution by day 5, a trend that continued for the duration of the experiment. Since PUFA composition in red drum was significantly influenced by diet in as few as 5 days and almost completely incorporated into body tissues after 40 days, results from this study support the premise that fatty acids (especially PUFAs) are promising dietary indicators and may be useful for future studies examining trophic relationships of estuarine and marine fishes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00816.x

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Fish assemblages on artificial and natural reefs in the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, USA (1997)

Rooker, J. R. ; Dokken, Q. R. ; Pattengill, C. V. ; [et al.]

Springer

Coral reefs 16 (1997), S. 83-92

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ISSN: 1432-0975

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Geosciences

Notes: Abstract. Visual censusing was used to characterize fish assemblages on artificial and natural reefs located within the boundaries of the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Emphasis was placed on determining spatial and temporal patterns in habitat utilization by fishes on an offshore artificial reef (Mobil Platform HI-A389A). Overall, 43 species were observed during diurnal surveys in the upper 24 m of the artificial reef. Midwater pelagic fishes (i.e., carangids and scombrids) accounted for over 50% of all taxa enumerated on the artificial reef; however, these taxa were transient members of the assemblage and were observed infrequently. Labrids, pomacentrids, and serranids were the dominant reef-dependent taxa. Distinct trends in vertical, diel, and seasonal abundances were observed for juvenile and adult fishes. Of the three designated depth zones (upper 1.5–9.0, middle 9.0–16.5; lower 16.5–24.0 m), abundance and species diversity were lowest in the upper zone. Nocturnal counts were characterized by a marked reduction or complete absence of most species, due in part to twilight cover-seeking and movement activities. Seasonal variation in community composition and species abundance (May versus September) was primarily due to recruitment of juveniles (0-age fishes) to the artificial reef in late summer. Increases in total fish abundance (all taxa combined) coincided with both increasing habitat rugosity and degree of fouling. Species richness on natural coral reefs in the FGBNMS was higher than on the artificial reef. Unlike the artificial reef, fish assemblages on the natural reefs were dominated by a single family (Pomacentridae) which accounted for over 50% of all individuals observed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003380050062

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Condition of larval and juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus ) from estuarine nursery habitats (1997)

Rooker, J. R. ; Holt, G. J. ; Holt, S. A.

Springer

Marine biology 127 (1997), S. 387-394

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract RNA:DNA ratios of larval and juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) collected from nursery habitats in the Aransas Estuary, Texas, in 1994 were quantified using a highly sensitive ethidium-bromide fluorometric technique. RNA:DNA ratios of wild red drum were evaluated by comparing individual values to a linear regression model derived for starved laboratory-reared red drum. Wild red drum were in relatively good condition with 〈5% of the RNA:DNA ratios within or below the 95% prediction interval of 4 to 5 d starved red drum. A multiple-regression model explained 54% of the variability in the RNA:DNA ratio of wild red drum, and identified length and water temperature (midday) as significant factors. RNA:DNA ratios increased with fish length [≃1.1 mm−1, over the size range investigated (5␣to 20 mm)]. The effect of temperature on the RNA: DNA ratio was assessed on different sampling trips, and ratios increased with increasing temperature. Abundance of larval and juvenile red drum in the Aransas Estuary varied as a function of both habitat (shoal grass Halodule wrightii, turtle grass Thalassia testudinum) and site (Aransas Bay, Redfish Bay); however, no differences in RNA:DNA ratios were detected between habitats or between sites. It is postulated that the nutritional condition of newly settled red drum from the Aransas Estuary in 1994 was relatively high, and that starvation was of minor importance.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050025

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Vulnerability of newly settled red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) to predatory fish: is early-life survival enhanced by seagrass meadows? (1998)

Rooker, J. R. ; Holt, G. J. ; Holt, S. A.

Springer

Marine biology 131 (1998), S. 145-151

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract We conducted predation experiments to evaluate the vulnerability of red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (Linnaeus) larvae and early juveniles to pinfish Lagodon rhomboides (Linnaeus) predators. Experiments were designed to analyze the effects of habitat complexity, prey size, and rearing condition on prey vulnerability. Three structurally different habitats [unvegetated (substrate only), shoal grass Halodule wrightii (Aschers) and turtle grass Thalassia testudinum (Bank ex König)] were simulated in experimental mesocosms. Instantaneous hourly mortality rates (Z h−1 predator−1) for hatchery-reared red drum were significantly higher in the unvegetated habitat (0.189) than in either shoal grass (0.069) or turtle grass (0.046). A similar trend in predation mortality was observed for wild-caught red drum; instantaneous hourly mortality rates were 0.166, 0.047, and 0.021 in unvegetated, shoal grass, and turtle grass habitats, respectively. Mortality rates (adjusted means) for hatchery red drum were higher than for wild individuals in all three habitats; however, the differences were not significant. Predation mortality decreased with increasing prey size (3 to 9% decrease in Z per mm increase in length), suggesting that small red drum (i.e. new settlers) were most vulnerable to predators. We conclude that habitat complexity is critical to the survival of newly settled red drum, and changes in the complexity or areal coverage of natural seagrass meadows may affect early-life survival and possibly recruitment levels.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050305

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Origin of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in the Bay of Biscay (2015)

Fraile, I., Arrizabalaga, H., Rooker, J. R.

Oxford University Press

In: ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Publication Date: 2015-01-20

Description: We used carbon and oxygen isotope ratios ( 13 C and 18 O) in otoliths as a tool for identifying the nursery origin of Atlantic bluefin tuna ( Thunnus thynnus ) caught in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay). Juvenile and adult bluefin tuna were collected over three consecutive years (2009—2011) using the regional bait boat fleet. Otolith 13 C and 18 O values of bluefin tuna were measured by mass spectrometry, and values were compared with a reference sample of yearling bluefin tuna from eastern (Mediterranean Sea) and western (Gulf of Mexico) nurseries to determine nursery origin. Maximum likelihood estimates based on otolith 13 C and 18 O values indicated that the overall contribution of western migrants to the Bay of Biscay fishery was 〈1% and varied over the years assessed. A small number of potential western migrants (2.7%) was detected in 2009, and most of these fish appear members of the abundant 2002 and 2003 year classes. In contrast, the Bay of Biscay fishery was composed exclusively (100%) of eastern origin bluefin tuna in 2010 and 2011, suggesting that this fishery is supported almost exclusively by the eastern spawning area but transatlantic western population may contribute to this fishery in a few years.

Print ISSN: 1054-3139

Electronic ISSN: 1095-9289

Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Physics