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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of Ni–P–B ultrafine amorphous alloy particles produced by chemical reduction (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 5217-5221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ni–P–B ultrafine amorphous alloy particles have been prepared by chemical reaction of nickel chloride, sodium hypophosphite, and potassium borohydride in aqueous solution. Two samples prepared at different initial pH values (pH=5 and 9) have been characterized by different experimental methods. X-ray and electron diffraction indicated that both samples were amorphous in nature, and transmission electron microscopy gave average diameters of 50 and 30 nm for particles prepared at pH=5 and 9, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that nickel and phosphorus existed exclusively in their elemental states, while boron existed mainly in its elemental state but with some trace of its oxide on the surface. The crystallization process of the amorphous samples was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and by x-ray diffraction after annealing the samples at various temperatures. The results are correlated with the microstructure of the as-prepared samples. It is found that when the initial pH of the reaction mixture is adjusted to 9, the pH value can be maintained automatically throughout the reaction and the sample thus formed has a fairly homogeneous microstructure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350578
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of Fe-Ni-B ultrafine alloy particles produced by reduction with borohydride (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 436-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fe-B, Fe-Ni-B, and Ni-B ultrafine alloy particles have been prepared by reduction of metal ions in aqueous solution with borohydride. It is shown that iron and nickel contents in the particles can be easily varied by changing the Ni/(Ni+Fe) ratio in the aqueous solution; however, the boron content is constant when the concentration of the borohydride is kept constant. Several experimental results show that the alloy particles are amorphous. The scanning electron microscopic image indicates that the surface morphology of Fe35Ni15B26 alloy particles looks like cotton clusters. From the high-resolution image, the average size of the high-resolution image, the average size of the particles was determined to be about 30±5 nm and the fine structure of the particles indicates that there is an obvious boundary between the outer shell with a thickness of about 5 nm and the inner core with a diameter of about 20 nm. The particles are partially crystallized on the outer shell while the inner core is almost completely amorphous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350295
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fe-P-B ultrafine amorphous particles produced by chemical reduction (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 2510-2511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new kind of ultrafine amorphous particles Fe82P11B7 have been successfully prepared by the reaction of Fe(III) chloride, sodium hypophosphite and potassium borohydride in aqueous solution. X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed the amorphous structure of the particles and scanning electron microscopy showed that the particles are nearly spherical with the diameters from 150 to 350 nm. The structure relaxation and crystallization of the amorphous particles were also studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy. It is found that the particles began to crystallize when annealed at 573 K, below which, no crystalline phases were formed, but the amorphous structure significantly varied. The particles crystallized to form α-Fe and Fe3(P0.6B0.4) completely when annealed at 673 and 773 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105936
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation of Ni-P ultrafine amorphous alloy particles by chemical reduction (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 3545-3546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ni-P ultrafine amorphous alloy particles have been prepared by reacting nickel chloride and sodium hypophosphite in an aqueous solution. X-ray diffraction revealed the amorphous structure of the particles and transmission electron microscopy showed that the particles are spherical, with an average diameter of about 150 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that all nickel and phosphorus atoms are in the elementary state on the surface of the particles, which implied the alloying state of the particles. The dynamic process of the reaction has been studied. It is found that the reaction ended within 65 min at a pH value of 10 and 351 K when the sodium hypophosphite was exhausted, and the unreacted solid residue Ni(OH)2 should be washed out with ammonia solution to obtain "pure'' Ni-P ultrafine amorphous alloy particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105652
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High valent transition metal chemistry. Synthesis and characterization of an intermediate-spin iron(IV) complex of a strong .pi.-acid ligand (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 114 (1992), S. 8724-8725 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00048a069
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon monoxide hydrogenation on Fe2O3/ZrO2 catalysts (1996)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 36 (1996), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: CO hydrogenation ; iron-zirconia catalyst ; Mössbauer spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Fe2O3/ZrO2 catalysts prepared by impregnation and coprecipitation methods were used for catalytic hydrogenation of CO. It was shown that the structure, reduction behavior of iron species, and catalytic properties of the catalysts were obviously affected by the preparation methods. For the Fe2O3/ZrO2 catalyst prepared by the impregnation method, the Fischer-Tropsch catalytic activity and the selectivity to light olefins were much higher than those of the corresponding catalyst prepared by the coprecipitation method, the formation of methane was suppressed and the selectivity to light olefins was enhanced. Various intermediates formed during the successive steps of reduction of the catalysts were studied by using temperature-programmed reduction combined with in situ Mössbauer spectroscopy. The role of zirconia in the catalysts was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807610
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative anatomy of resin ducts of the Pinaceae (1997)
    Springer
    Trees 11 (1997), S. 135-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words Comparative anatomy ; Pinaceae ; Resin duct
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Resin ducts are common in the Pinaceae. The comparative anatomy of stems and leaves of 50 species and two varieties from ten genera has been investigated. The structure and distribution of resin ducts differ among genera. Resin ducts occur in foliage leaves of ten genera of Pinaceae. Cortical resin ducts are absent in the stems of Pseudolarix and Larix. Resin ducts only occur in the secondary xylem of stems of Pinus, Picea, Cathaya, Larix, Pseudotsuga and some Keteleeria species. All of the epithelial and sheath cells are alive and thin-walled in the resin ducts of stem cortex and mesophyll. Except for Pinus the epithelial cells of resin ducts in the secondary xylem of stems have thick, lignified walls. Comparative study shows there are obvious differences in the resin ducts of different genera; apparent differences do not exist, however, in the resin ducts of different species of the same genus. According to the structure and distribution of the resin ducts in ten genera of Pinaceae, a synoptical arrangement of the genera is given and generic relationships of the Pinaceae are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004680050069
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutational analysis of the GDNF/RET-GDNFRα signaling complex in a kindred with vesicoureteral reflux (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 102 (1998), S. 474-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) mediates signaling across the cell membrane by interaction with the RET-GDNFRα receptor complex. We identified a family in which one member had medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and four members had vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Knowledge that mutations in the RET proto-oncogene cause MTC and studies documenting genitourinary abnormalities in RET or GDNF knockout mice led us to examine the GDNF/RET-GDNFRα signaling complex in this family. RET and GDNF were excluded as the causative VUR gene by haplotype and sequence analysis. The GDNFRα gene was mapped to chromosome 10q25-26 by radiation hybrid techniques and was eliminated as the causative gene by haplotype analysis and sequencing of cDNA from an obligate carrier. Sequencing identified a 15-nucleotide deletion in GDNFRα mRNA, which was found to code for a single exon; analysis of several cell types revealed an identical mRNA form, indicating that this variant is a product of alternative RNA processing. We conclude that GDNFRα maps to 10q25-26 and that its RNA transcript is alternatively processed. Mutation abnormalities in the GDNF/RET-GDNFRα signaling system do not cause VUR in this family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050724
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of ultrafine amorphous alloy particles with uniform size by autocatalytic method (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 12 (1993), S. 1020-1021 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystallization process of a−Fe35Ni15B26 ultrafine particles produced by reduction with borohydride (1992)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 69 (1992), S. 693-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystallization process of a−Fe35Ni15B26 ultrafine alloy particles prepared by chemical reduction with borohydride was investigated mainly by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The experimental results exhibit some new characteristics which were attributed to the microstructure of the sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02401921
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