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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant communities Ecosystem maturity and performance (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 435.2005, 7045, E6-, (1 S.) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Arising from: Bai, Y., Han, X., Wu, J., Chen, Z. & Li, L. 〈weblink url="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7005/full/nature02850.html"〉Nature, 431, 181–184 (2004); see also communication from Wang et al.; Bai, Y., Han, X., Wu, J., Chen, Z. & Li, L. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03583
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between winter and summer annuals in the Chihuahuan Desert (1997)
    Springer
    Oecologia 111 (1997), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Chihuahuan Desert  ;  Competition  ;  Ephemeral plants  ;  Long-term study  ;  Spatial-temporal interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Using 18 years of census data from permanent quadrats, we examined the interactions between spatially coexisting but temporally segregated winter and summer ephemeral plant communities in the Chihuahuan Desert. The ability of winter and summer annuals to achieve nearly complete temporal segregation by partitioning the bimodal annual rainfall permits the coexistence of a diverse flora of annual (and perennial) plants in this unproductive arid environment. Despite the differences in their biogeographical affinities and temporal segregation, long-term data indicated that at the scales of both the entire 20-ha study site and small 0.25-m2 sample quadrats, abundances of plants were never high in two successive growing seasons, suggesting a negative interaction between winter and summer annuals. We evaluate alternative hypotheses for this phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050215
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal fluctuations and experimental effects in desert plant communities (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 107 (1996), S. 568-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Annual plants ; Climatic change ; Community structure ; Experiment ; Temporal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the Chihuahuan Desert of the southwestern United States we monitored responses of both winter and summer annual plant communities to natural environmental variation and to experimental removal of seed-eating rodents and ants for 13 years. Analyses of data on population densities of the species by principal component analysis (PCA) followed by repeated measures analysis of variance (rmANOVA) on PCA scores showed that: (1) composition of both winter and summer annual communities varied substantially from year to year, presumably in response to interannual climatic variation, and (2) community composition of winter annuals was also significantly affected by the experimental manipulations of seed-eating animals, but the composition of the summer annual community showed no significant response to these experimental treatments. Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was then applied to the data for winter annuals to more clearly identify the responses to the different classes of experimental manipulations. This analysis showed that removing rodents or ants or both taxa caused distinctive changes in species composition. There was a tendency for large-seeded species to increase on rodent removal plots and to decrease on ant removal plots, and for small-seeded species to change in the opposite direction. In the winter annual community there was a significant time x treatment interaction: certain combinations of species that responded differently to removal of granivores also showed opposite fluctuations in response to long-term climatic variation. The large year-to-year variation in the summer annual community was closely and positively correlated across all experimental treatments. The use of multivariate analysis in conjunction with long-term monitoring and experimental manipulation shows how biotic interactions interact with variation in abiotic conditions to affect community dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333950
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of bannertail kangaroo rat mounds on small-scale plant community structure (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 106 (1996), S. 247-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Kangaroo rat mound ; Disturbance ; Microhabitat ; Diversity ; Intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of bannertail kangaroo rat (Dipodomys spectabilis) mounds and associated soil-surface disturbance on plant species composition and diversity in the Chihuahuan Desert were examined with multivariate analysis. Kangaroo rat mounds created disturbance gaps and contributed to local species diversity by creating microhabitats that supported unique plant communities. These microhabitats supported populations of species that were relatively rare in surrounding areas. The diversity observed at the whole habitat level resulted from (1) local spatial heterogeneity, because the mounds offered microenvironments with distinctive nutrient, water, and light conditions; and (2) local patterning of disturbance, because the digging and traffic of the kangaroo rats maintained high levels of soil disturbance at and near the mounds. At a finer scale, species diversity was highest in the area immediately adjacent to active and inactive mounds, and was lower on both the highly disturbed soil of the mounds and in the relatively undisturbed area between mounds. Lowest species diversity occurred on inactive mounds. Annual plant biomass was much greater on mounds than in inter-mound areas. The results support the predictions that intermediate levels of disturbance and small-scale environmental heterogeneity contribute to supporting high species diversity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328605
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of kangaroo rat exclusion on vegetation structure and plant species diversity in the Chihuahuan Desert (1993)
    Springer
    Oecologia 95 (1993), S. 520-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Keystone species ; Dipodomys ; Plant-animal interactions ; Chihuahuan Desert ; Species diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Long-term (1977–90) experimental exclusion of three species of kangaroo rats from study plots in the Chihuahuan Desert resulted in significant increases in abundance of a tall annual grass (Aristida adscensionis) and a perennial bunch grass (Eragrostis lehmanniana). This change in the vegetative cover affected use of these plots by several other rodent species and by foraging birds. The mechanism producing this change probably involves a combination of decreased soil disturbance and reduced predation on large-sized seeds when kangaroo rats are absent. Species diversity of summer annual dicots was greater on plots where kangaroo rats were present, as predicted by keystone predator models. However, it is not clear whether this was caused directly by activities of the kangaroo rats or indirectly as a consequence of the increase in grass cover. No experimental effect on species diversity of winter annual dicots was detected. Our study site was located in a natural transition between desert scrub and grassland, where abiotic conditions and the effects of organisms may be particularly influential in determining the structure and composition of vegetation. Under these conditions kangaroo rats have a dramatic effect on plant cover and species composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317436
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microhabitat differentiation in Chiuhuahuan Desert plant communities (1998)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 139 (1998), S. 71-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Annuals ; Chihuahuan Desert ; Coexistence ; Microhabitat differentiation ; Community structure ; Species diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of microhabitat differentiation on small-scale plant community structure in the Chiuhuahuan Desert were studied using multivariate analysis. The results showed that microhabitats (i.e., kangaroo rat mounds, ant mounds, shrubs, half-shrubs, and open areas) played a critical role in structuring small-scale plant community structure and maintaining species diversity. Annual plants were much more sensitvive to the presence of differentiated microhabitats than perennials and winter annuals exhibited stronger microhabitat perferences than summer annuals. Species diversity was highest on ant mounds while open areas supported the lowest diversity during both winter and summer. Biomass was highest in the shrub habitats followed by kangaroo rat mounds, ant mounds, half-shrubs, and open areas. Much of the diversity of these plants could be explained by the individualistic responses of species to the biotic effect of other plants or to disturbance by animals, or individualistic responses of species to differences in microenvironments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009737025870
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  • 7
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    Tree diversity regulates forest pest invasion (2019)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-25
    Description: Nonnative pests often cause cascading ecological impacts, leading to detrimental socioeconomic consequences; however, how plant diversity may influence insect and disease invasions remains unclear. High species diversity in host communities may promote pest invasions by providing more niches (i.e., facilitation), but it can also diminish invasion success because low host dominance may make it more difficult for pests to establish (i.e., dilution). Most studies to date have focused on small-scale, experimental, or individual pest/disease species, while large-scale empirical studies, especially in natural ecosystems, are extremely rare. Using subcontinental-level data, we examined the role of tree diversity on pest invasion across the conterminous United States and found that the tree-pest diversity relationships are hump-shaped. Pest diversity increases with tree diversity at low tree diversity (because of facilitation or amplification) and is reduced at higher tree diversity (as a result of dilution). Thus, tree diversity likely regulates forest pest invasion through both facilitation and dilution that operate simultaneously, but their relative strengths vary with overall diversity. Our findings suggest the role of native species diversity in regulating nonnative pest invasions.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 8
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    Distribution Characteristics of OH*, CH*, and C2* Luminescence in CH4/O2 Co-flow Diffusion Flames (2012)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-14
    Description: Energy & Fuels DOI: 10.1021/ef300970a
    Print ISSN: 0887-0624
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5029
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 9
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    The ecological niche and reciprocal prediction of the disjunct distribution of an invasive species: the example of Ailanthus altissima (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-22
    Print ISSN: 1387-3547
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-1464
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Are trans-Pacific invasions the new wave? (2006)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-01
    Print ISSN: 1387-3547
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-1464
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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