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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
    Description: Present estimates of the biogeochemical cycles of calcium, strontium, and potassium in the ocean reveal large imbalances between known input and output fluxes. Using pore fluid, incubation, and solid sediment data from North Pacific multi‐corer cores we show that, contrary to the common paradigm, the top centimeters of abyssal sediments can be an active site of authigenic precipitation of clay minerals. In this region, clay authigenesis is the dominant sink for potassium and strontium and consumes nearly all calcium released from benthic dissolution of calcium carbonates. These observations support the idea that clay authigenesis occurring over broad regions of the world ocean may be a major buffer for ocean chemistry on the time scale of the ocean overturning circulation, and key to the long‐term stability of Earth's climate.
    Description: Key Points: North Pacific red clay sediments are a sink for marine calcium, strontium, and potassium. Authigenic formation of clay minerals is prevalent in pelagic sediments throughout the North Pacific. The main mechanism for clay formation is recrystallization of aluminosilicates, neoformation can occur in biogenic silica rich sediments.
    Description: EC H2020 PRIORITY “Excellent science” H2020 European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
    Description: Blavatnik Family Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011643
    Description: Isaac Newton Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004815
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
    Description: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946881
    Keywords: ddc:549 ; reverse weathering ; clay authigenesis ; calcium ; potassium ; porewater ; strontium
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Description: Sediment PIC concentration profiles were determined from dried and ground sediment powder. Splits were weighed into 10 mL exetainer test tubes (5-20 mg) and acidified with 10% phosphoric acid. The evolved CO2 was measured using a Picarro 2131i. Total CO2 in the Picarro analysis was standardized by running known masses of optical grade calcite standard material.
    Keywords: Carbon, inorganic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate; CDISK4-1; CDISK4-2; CDISK4-3; CDISK4-4; CDISK4-5; CDISK-IV; Depth, compacted; Elevation of event; Event label; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; RV Kilo Moana; sediment; Station label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 455 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Description: Samples were collected at six oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017 using an 8-barrel multi-corer. Sediment porewaters were extracted in a cold room, using Rhizon samplers inserted into pre-drilled holes in the core liner, from two cores with undisturbed sediment-water interfaces, from each multi-corer cast. Pre-treatment of the Rhizon samplers and the sampling protocol was different for each of the two cores. Rhizons inserted to core number 1 from each cast were new from the box, and the samples were used for nutrient and major element analyses. A 20 ml syringe was filled from each Rhizon, inserted dry, and the extracted water was filtered again via a 0.45 µm filter. Rhizons inserted to core number 2 were acid-cleaned with 0.001 N HNO3 for at least 24 hours, rinsed with de-ionised water (Milli-Q, Millipore) and kept in de-ionised water until use. The first 1 mL extracted was discarded, and the next 2 mL were stored in acid cleaned polypropylene (PP) vials. These samples, destined for analyses of trace and major elements, were acidified with HNO3 to final acid concentration of 0.035 M.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Arsenic; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium/Sodium ratio; CDISK4-1; CDISK-IV; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Iron; Lead; Lithium/Sodium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Sodium ratio; Manganese; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Nitrate and Nitrite; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; Potassium/Sodium ratio; RV Kilo Moana; Sample code/label; sediment; Silicate; Standard deviation; Station label; Strontium/Calcium ratio; Strontium/Sodium ratio; Sulfur/Sodium ratio; Uranium; Vanadium; Zinc; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1275 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Samples were collected at five oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017. An 8-barrel multi-corer (Ocean Instruments 800 multi-corer with 9.6 cm inner diameter polycarbonate liners) was used for retrieving short sediment cores and immediately overlying water at each station. Two cores from each multi-corer cast were incubated in a cold room (2°C) over the course of days-to-weeks, two additional cores were sampled in the cold room for porewater using Rhizon samplers, and a fifth core was sectioned for sedimentological work.
    Keywords: North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; sediment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 9 datasets
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Duplicate cores from each station were incubated in a cold room (2°C) for 6-14 days to provide constraints on elemental fluxes to and from the seafloor. An incubation cap was inserted into each core, and the water level adjusted to ~12 cm above the sediment surface. A 12 V motor in the incubation cap stirred the overlying water at 30 rpm. 5-7 samples were collected during the incubation period and filtered through 0.45 µm PES filters. The table provides information regarding the change in overlying water concentrations of Ca, Sr, K and Mg during the incubation experiments.
    Keywords: Calcium; DATE/TIME; Incubation duration; Incubation temperature; Magnesium; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; Potassium; Ratio; Sample code/label; Sample height; sediment; Station label; Strontium; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 714 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: XRD analyses of the clay fraction of sediment samples collected in Stations 2 and 4 of cruise CDisK-IV. The clay fraction was separated from the bulk sediment by inserting several hundred milligrams of wet sediment into 50 mL centrifuge tubes filled with double distilled water to the 25 mL mark. The tubes were vortexed and settled. After 30 min, 1 mL of the water sample was pipetted from a depth of 2-2.2 cm below the water surface and dehydrated on a silicon slab. X-ray powder diffraction data of the clay fraction of the sediments were collected in Bragg-Brentano geometry on a D8 Bruker diffractometer equipped with a Cu Kα primary beam and a Vantec position sensitive detector. Collection conditions were: 3-60° in 2θ, 0.04° step size, 2.4 seconds/step, divergence slits 0.2 mm.
    Keywords: Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); Binary Object (MD5 Hash); CDISK4-2; CDISK4-4; CDISK-IV; Description; Event label; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; RV Kilo Moana; sediment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 32 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Samples were collected at six oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017 using an 8-barrel multi-corer. Sediment porewaters were extracted in a cold room, using Rhizon samplers inserted into pre-drilled holes in the core liner, from two cores with undisturbed sediment-water interfaces, from each multi-corer cast. Pre-treatment of the Rhizon samplers and the sampling protocol was different for each of the two cores. Rhizons inserted to core number 1 from each cast were new from the box, and the samples were used for nutrient and major element analyses. A 20 ml syringe was filled from each Rhizon, inserted dry, and the extracted water was filtered again via a 0.45 µm filter. Rhizons inserted to core number 2 were acid-cleaned with 0.001 N HNO3 for at least 24 hours, rinsed with de-ionised water (Milli-Q, Millipore) and kept in de-ionised water until use. The first 1 mL extracted was discarded, and the next 2 mL were stored in acid cleaned polypropylene (PP) vials. These samples, destined for analyses of trace and major elements, were acidified with HNO3 to final acid concentration of 0.035 M.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Arsenic; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium/Sodium ratio; CDISK4-2; CDISK-IV; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Iron; Lead; Lithium/Sodium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Sodium ratio; Manganese; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Nitrate and Nitrite; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; Potassium/Sodium ratio; RV Kilo Moana; Sample code/label; sediment; Silicate; Standard deviation; Station label; Strontium/Calcium ratio; Strontium/Sodium ratio; Sulfur/Sodium ratio; Uranium; Vanadium; Zinc; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1479 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Samples were collected at six oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017 using an 8-barrel multi-corer. Sediment porewaters were extracted in a cold room, using Rhizon samplers inserted into pre-drilled holes in the core liner, from two cores with undisturbed sediment-water interfaces, from each multi-corer cast. Pre-treatment of the Rhizon samplers and the sampling protocol was different for each of the two cores. Rhizons inserted to core number 1 from each cast were new from the box, and the samples were used for nutrient and major element analyses. A 20 ml syringe was filled from each Rhizon, inserted dry, and the extracted water was filtered again via a 0.45 µm filter. Rhizons inserted to core number 2 were acid-cleaned with 0.001 N HNO3 for at least 24 hours, rinsed with de-ionised water (Milli-Q, Millipore) and kept in de-ionised water until use. The first 1 mL extracted was discarded, and the next 2 mL were stored in acid cleaned polypropylene (PP) vials. These samples, destined for analyses of trace and major elements, were acidified with HNO3 to final acid concentration of 0.035 M.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Arsenic; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium/Sodium ratio; CDISK4-5; CDISK-IV; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Iron; Lead; Lithium/Sodium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Sodium ratio; Manganese; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Nitrate and Nitrite; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; Potassium/Sodium ratio; RV Kilo Moana; Sample code/label; sediment; Silicate; Standard deviation; Station label; Strontium/Calcium ratio; Strontium/Sodium ratio; Sulfur/Sodium ratio; Uranium; Vanadium; Zinc; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1071 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Samples were collected at six oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017 using an 8-barrel multi-corer. Sediment porewaters were extracted in a cold room, using Rhizon samplers inserted into pre-drilled holes in the core liner, from two cores with undisturbed sediment-water interfaces, from each multi-corer cast. Pre-treatment of the Rhizon samplers and the sampling protocol was different for each of the two cores. Rhizons inserted to core number 1 from each cast were new from the box, and the samples were used for nutrient and major element analyses. A 20 ml syringe was filled from each Rhizon, inserted dry, and the extracted water was filtered again via a 0.45 µm filter. Rhizons inserted to core number 2 were acid-cleaned with 0.001 N HNO3 for at least 24 hours, rinsed with de-ionised water (Milli-Q, Millipore) and kept in de-ionised water until use. The first 1 mL extracted was discarded, and the next 2 mL were stored in acid cleaned polypropylene (PP) vials. These samples, destined for analyses of trace and major elements, were acidified with HNO3 to final acid concentration of 0.035 M.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Arsenic; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium/Sodium ratio; CDISK4-4; CDISK-IV; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Iron; Lead; Lithium/Sodium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Sodium ratio; Manganese; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Nitrate and Nitrite; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; Potassium/Sodium ratio; RV Kilo Moana; Sample code/label; sediment; Silicate; Standard deviation; Station label; Strontium/Calcium ratio; Strontium/Sodium ratio; Sulfur/Sodium ratio; Uranium; Vanadium; Zinc; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1224 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Samples were collected at six oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017 using an 8-barrel multi-corer. Sediment porewaters were extracted in a cold room, using Rhizon samplers inserted into pre-drilled holes in the core liner, from two cores with undisturbed sediment-water interfaces, from each multi-corer cast. Pre-treatment of the Rhizon samplers and the sampling protocol was different for each of the two cores. Rhizons inserted to core number 1 from each cast were new from the box, and the samples were used for nutrient and major element analyses. A 20 ml syringe was filled from each Rhizon, inserted dry, and the extracted water was filtered again via a 0.45 µm filter. Rhizons inserted to core number 2 were acid-cleaned with 0.001 N HNO3 for at least 24 hours, rinsed with de-ionised water (Milli-Q, Millipore) and kept in de-ionised water until use. The first 1 mL extracted was discarded, and the next 2 mL were stored in acid cleaned polypropylene (PP) vials. These samples, destined for analyses of trace and major elements, were acidified with HNO3 to final acid concentration of 0.035 M.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Arsenic; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium/Sodium ratio; CDISK4-6; CDISK-IV; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Iron; Lead; Lithium/Sodium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Sodium ratio; Manganese; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Nitrate and Nitrite; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; Potassium/Sodium ratio; RV Kilo Moana; Sample code/label; sediment; Silicate; Standard deviation; Station label; Strontium/Calcium ratio; Strontium/Sodium ratio; Sulfur/Sodium ratio; Uranium; Vanadium; Zinc; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 561 data points
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