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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Mixing and transport in the environment (1994)
    Chichester : Wiley
    Details Availability
    Call number: PIK N 453-95-0286
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 458 p.
    ISBN: 0471941425
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical Models of Dispersion in Rivers and Estuaries (1985)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 17 (1985), S. 119-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.17.010185.001003
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The intermittency factor of scalars in turbulence (1989)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 1 (1989), S. 761-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The shortcomings of the standard definition of the intermittency factor of a dispersing scalar in turbulence are summarized. In particular, this definition is not suitable for use in theoretical work. A new definition of the intermittency factor in terms of the mean concentration is given, and this is practically convenient and has a clear physical interpretation. Furthermore, the proposed new intermittency factor has an illuminating role in the structure of the probability density function of the scalar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.857372
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atmospheric diffusion: some new mathematical models (1996)
    Springer
    Advances in computational mathematics 6 (1996), S. 227-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9044
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The paper reviews some recent theoretical work on the statistical properties of the distribution of concentration of an atmospheric pollutant. This work is based on elementary physics. There is emphasis on the behaviour of the moments, particularly on the collapse of the skewness-kurtosis plot onto a parabola. Some of the consequences for modelling the probability density function of concentration are discussed, and examples of models are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02127705
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The treatment of atmospheric dispersion data in the presence of noise and baseline drift (1995)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 72 (1995), S. 53-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Recently large quantities of data from many different field experiments have become available to facilitate the examination of various proposed models of atmospheric dispersion. However, these data sets are invariably corrupted by some form of random noise and, also, significant baseline drift is often recorded. Consequently, these problems require careful consideration and treatment before the data can be used in model testing. In many papers, the noise is simply treated by ‘thresholding’ but this is unacceptable since many valid readings are discarded. This paper examines the performance of two different noise removal methods that are more soundly based, both physically and mathematically. The first is a Wiener filter with certain modifications, and the second is a maximum entropy inversion technique. A comparison of the results of applying these methods is presented, with the emphasis on the practical treatment of the numerical and computational problems that arise. The problem of baseline drift is treated initially by applying a number of subjective fits. Subsequently the noise removal methods are applied. In general, it is found that the maximum entropy method performs better than the Wiener filter for the data sets examined here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00712390
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pitfalls of thresholding atmospheric dispersion data (1995)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 73 (1995), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Atmospheric dispersion data are invariably corrupted by random noise and perhaps baseline drift giving rise to unreal negative values. This paper shows that the indiscriminate use of thresholding can give rise to large errors in estimates of some key statistical parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00708936
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dosages from instantaneous releases of dense gases in wind tunnels and into a neutrally stable atmosphere (1996)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 77 (1996), S. 211-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Keywords: Turbulent diffusion ; dose ; lognormal model ; box model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study the doses generated by instantaneously released dense gas clouds. The dose is of practical importance since it is widely used as a measure of the harmful effect of an exposure. We take the doses from wind-tunnel experimental data. We extend from Davies' (1992) work to show that for later times after release the dose across repeat experiments may be fitted with a lognormal distribution. A simple box model is constructed from the dataset. It produces a reasonable model under some of the experimental conditions. We show how to use the repeats of experiments to produce a representative model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00123525
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure and magnitude of concentration fluctuations (1993)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 62 (1993), S. 269-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper is concerned with the science of turbulent diffusion and not, except incidentally, with its numerous practical applications. It discusses some recent research, particularly that by the authors and their collaborators. Among the topics considered are (i) the intermittency factor, (ii) the relationship between the mean of the concentration and its variance, and (iii) the interpretation of data. The principal aim of the paper is to draw attention to some outstanding basic questions which would seem promising targets for future research. Without progress on these questions (and others), regulatory modesl of air quality will continue-inevitably-to be unreliable and hardly worth using.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705558
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluctuations in dense gas concentrations measured in a wind-tunnel (1995)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 75 (1995), S. 321-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Concentration time series from FID (flame ionisation detector) sensors and catharometers downstream of an instantaneous release of dense gas contaminants are analysed by statistical methods. For each experiment there are either 50 or 100 replications, thus allowing estimates of statistical properties to be made even though the dispersion is nonstationary. The time history of the first four central moments is estimated, and they are plotted against each other, in the manner suggested by Mole and Clarke (1995). The collapse of the skewness-kurtosis plot onto a universal quadratic curve, similar to that found by Mole and Clarke for continuous releases, is observed. In this paper, we show how this observation is consistent with the form of the pdf postulated by Chatwin and Sullivan (1989).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00712268
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact solutions for the probability density function of turbulent scalar fields (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of engineering mathematics 19 (1985), S. 217-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Summary The basic property of a turbulent scalar field is its probability density function p(θ x, t). Here, for the first time, some exact solutions for p(θ x, t) are derived and discussed. These apply to the case of a finite mass of passive scalar — called a cloud for short — dispersing in simple, but conceptually important, turbulent flows, namely those associated with constant rates of strain. Extensions of the solutions to cases where the cloud is meandering, and where there are several clouds, are obtained. Applications of the results are discussed, with particular emphasis on their potential value for testing and validating approximate closure schemes applied to the evolution equation for p(θ x, t).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042535
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