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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 60 (1995), S. 5790-5794 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Preventing insect pests from developing resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins produced by transgenic crops is a major challenge for agriculture. Theoretical models suggest that plants containing two dissimilar Bt toxin genes ('pyramided' plants) have the potential to delay resistance ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 224-226 (June 2002), p. 637-642 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 532-533 (Dec. 2006), p. 797-800 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A novel parallel machine tool(PMT) with 3-HSS structure is presented in this paper. Thethree ball screws and guiding-parallels of this PMT are horizontally and parallel set. The three helixjoints are driving components connected to and driven by servos, and the corresponding parametersof the cutter position can be obtained. The kinematics modeling is simple and the direct and inversekinematics can be easily obtained for this PMT. It also has other advantages, such as spaciousworkspace in horizon direction, simple structure, easy controlling, etc. This PMT can be used inthree-dimensional carving, milling and other machining processing. This kind of PMT has beendesigned and manufactured in our institution, and has also been tested successfully. Besides, it’seasy to get the 5-DOF series-parallel machine tool through fixing two more revolving structure onthe mobile platform. It’s also easy to furnish complex surface processing using a rotary table. Thispaper studies mainly on DOF analysis, derivation of the kinematical equation, direct and inversekinematics, workspace and other kinematical problems of the parallel machine
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 392-394 (Oct. 2008), p. 314-319 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: According to BVXK20A NC machine servo system, a fuzzy controller is designed toachieve a faster response speed and better stability objectives. This controller is capable ofautomatically adjusting the three parameters of PID controller according to the tracking error E andthe change in error EC. Simulation results shown the proposed control method could effectivelyachieve the goals of reducing the static error and improving response speed in the conditions of workcondition altered
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 340-341 (June 2007), p. 477-482 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fracture properties of softwood under mode I loading perpendicular to the grain are studiedin this paper. The stress intensity factor KIC in the R and L directions is measured by the compacttension test using small several specimens. The shape and size of plastic zone in crack tip isdetermined by numerical simulations based on von Hill yield criterion. The results show thatanisotropic material constants do not affect the length of plastic zone along crack direction and it onlyoperates on the plastic zone with θcr≠ 0. Strength ratios α1, α2 and toughness ratios r1, r2, influencingon the plastic zone, are discussed. Comparative analysis shows that r1 and r2 work markedly on theshape and size of plastic zone, whereas α1, α2 do less
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Gene transfer ; Glycine max ; Oryza sativa ; Triticum monococcum ; transient expression ; particle bombardment ; beta-glucuronidase ; chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The development of an efficient transformation system is a prerequisite for the molecular analysis of gene expression in plants. In crop plants, this development has been hindered by difficulties encountered both in whole plant regeneration from protoplasts and in the general insusceptibility of monocots to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. We have circumvented these difficulties by transferring foreign genes directly into the intact cells (with cell walls) of three important crop plants including rice, wheat and soybean by a particle bombardment device. Oryza sativa and Triticum monococcum cells were bombarded with accelerated tungsten particles coated with plasmids containing a β-glucuronidase gene as the reporter. Blue transformed cells were detected in an in situ enzyme assay. The number of blue cells was next used as a convenient criterion to study several factors affecting gene transfer efficiency. After optimal conditions were defined, gene transfer into intact cells of O. sativa, T. monococcum and Glycine max was successfully carried out with chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene as the reporter.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Transgenic rice ; Herbicide resistance ; Phosphinothricin acetyl transferase gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Suspension cells of Oryza sativa L. (rice) were transformed, by microprojectile bombardment, with plasmids carrying the coding region of the Streptomyces hygroscopicus phosphinothricin acetyl transferase (PAT) gene (bar) under the control of either the 5′ region of the rice actin 1 gene (Act1) or the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Subsequently regenerated plants display detectable PAT activity and are resistant to BASTATM, a phosphinothricin (PPT)-based herbicide. DNA gel blot analyses showed that PPT resistant rice plants contain a bar-hybridizing restriction fragment of the expected size. This report shows that expression of the bar gene in transgenic rice plants confers resistance to PPT-based herbicide by suppressing an increase of ammonia in plants after spraying with the herbicide.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis ; Brassica oleracea ; Cry1C protein ; diamondback moth ; Pieris rapae ; Plutella xylostella ; resistance management ; transgenic broccoli ; Trichoplusia ni
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A synthetic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cry1C gene was introduced into broccoli (Brassica oleracea ssp. italica) by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Twenty-one Cry1C transgenic plants were regenerated from 400 hypocotyl and petiole explants. Variable amounts of stable steady- state cry1C mRNA accumulated in different transgenic plants. Cry1C protein (up to 0.4% of total soluble protein) was produced in correlation with the cry1C mRNA levels. Leaf section and whole-plant bioassays were done using diamondback moth (DBM) larvae from lines susceptible to Bt or resistant to Cry1A or Cry1C proteins (Cry1AR or Cry1CR, respectively). Plants with high levels of Cry1C protein caused rapid and complete mortality of all three types of DBM larvae with no defoliation. Plants with lower levels of Cry1C protein showed an increasing differential between control of susceptible of Cry1AR DBM. This study demonstrated that high production of Cry1C protein can protect transgenic broccoli not only from susceptible or Cry1AR DBM larvae but also from DBM selected for moderate levels of resistance of Cry1C. The Cry1C- transgenic broccoli were also resistant to two other lepidopteran pests of crucifers (cabbage looper and imported cabbage worm). These plants will be useful in studies of resistance management strategies involving multiple transgenes.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 232 (1992), S. 383-393 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Rice aleurone ; α-Amylase promoter ; Gibberellin regulation ; DNA-protein interaction ; Footprinting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The α-amylase gene is known to be regulated by the plant hormone gibberellin (GA) in cereal aleurone cells. The accumulation of the mRNA corresponding to a rice high pl α-amylase gene, OSamy-c, was stimulated 20-fold by exogenous GA, in half-seeds lacking embryos. Regulatory regions in the promoter of this high pl subfamily were analyzed. The OSamy-c 5′ flanking sequence, spanning positions — 231 to + 29, was fused upstream of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene coding region. The delivery of this plasmid into rice aleurone cells by the biolistic method resulted in a GA-stimulated synthesis of GUS. Gel retardation assays were performed to study protein-DNA interactions between putative regulatory sequences of OSamy-c and partially purified rice seed extracts. We identified multiple seed-specific protein factors that bind to proximal regions of the OSamy-c promoter between positions — 231 and — 162. Five different proteins were distinguished based on competitive binding studies. Three protein binding regions were located by footprinting analyses, one of which is located in the conserved sequence also found upstream of other GA-inducible genes. Two protein factors in rice aleurone cells that interact with the putative regulatory sequence do not require GA induction.
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