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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-10-19
    Description: A bottom-up strategy was used for the synthesis of cross-linked copolymers containing the organocatalyst N -{(1 R )-2′-{[(4-ethylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}[1,1′-binaphthalen]-2-yl}- D -prolinamide derived from 2 ( Scheme 1 ). The polymer-bound catalyst 5b containing 1% of divinylbenzene as cross-linker showed higher catalyst activity in the aldol reaction between cyclohexanone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde than 5a and 5c . Remarkably, the reaction in the presence of 5b was carried out under solvent-free, mild conditions, achieving up to 93% ee ( Table 1 ). The polymer-bound catalyst 5b was recovered by filtration and re-used up to seven times without detrimental effects on the achieved diastereo- and enantioselectivities ( Table 2 ). The catalytic procedure with polymer 5b was extended to the aldol reaction under solvent-free conditions of other ketones, including functionalized ones, and different aromatic aldehydes ( Table 3 ). In some cases, the addition of a small amount of H 2 O was required to give the best results (up to 95% ee). Under these reaction conditions, the cross-aldol reaction between aldehydes proceeded in moderate yield and diastereo- and enantioselectivity ( Scheme 2 ).
    Print ISSN: 0018-019X
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2675
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-05-29
    Description: The Journal of Organic Chemistry DOI: 10.1021/jo400522m
    Print ISSN: 0022-3263
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6904
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Alcoholic beverages can be contaminated with mycotoxins. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is the most frequently detected mycotoxinin wine and is produced by several species of Aspergillus. This mycotoxin is nephrotoxic and carcinogenic. In beer, the most commonly identified mycotoxin is deoxynivalenol (DON). Ingestion of food contaminated with DON has been associated with adverse gastrointestinal effects. Despite the harmful effects of mycotoxins on health, there are no regulations regarding their limits in alcoholic beverages in Paraguay. Here we determine the presence of OTA and DON in wine and beer, respectively. Four commercial brands of wine and twenty-nine brands of craft and industrial beerwere tested by the Agra quant ELISA method. One brand of wine was positive for OTA and seven brands of beer (one of them craft) were positive for DON. The values found for both toxins are below the recommended maximum intake proposed by international standards. Giving the high consumption of these products in the country, regulations and monitoring systems mustbe established to check the maximum levels of mycotoxins allowed in alcoholic beverages.
    Electronic ISSN: 2072-6651
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
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  • 4
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    Language Science Press | Language Science Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: This book provides the first comprehensive grammatical description of Choguita Rarámuri, a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in the Sierra Tarahumara, a mountainous range in the northern Mexican state of Chihuahua belonging to the Sierra Madre Occidental. A documentary corpus developed between 2003 and 2018 with Choguita Rarámuri language experts informs the analysis and is the source of the examples presented in this grammar. The documentary corpus, which consists of over 200 hours of recordings of elicited data, narratives, conversations, interviews, and other speech genres, is available in two archival collections housed at the Endangered Languages Archive and at UC Berkeley’s Survey of California and Other Indian Languages. Choguita Rarámuri is a highly synthetic, agglutinating language with a complex morphological system. It displays many of the recurrent structural features documented across Uto-Aztecan, including a predominance of suffixation, head-marking, and patterns of noun-incorporation and compounding (Sapir 1921; Whorf 1935; Haugen 2008b). Other features of typological and theoretical interest include a complex word prosodic system, a wide range of morphologically conditioned phonological processes, and patterns of variable affix order and multiple exponence. Choguita Rarámuri is also of great comparative/historical importance: while several analytical works of Uto-Aztecan languages of Northern Mexico have been produced in the last years (Guerrero Valenzuela 2006, García Salido 2014, Reyes Taboada 2014, Morales Moreno 2016, Villalpando Quiñonez 2019, inter alia), many varieties still lack comprehensive linguistic description and documentation.
    Keywords: Language Arts & Disciplines ; Linguistics ; thema EDItEUR::C Language and Linguistics::CF Linguistics
    Language: English
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