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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The responses of the cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis) to the odour of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and to some volatile isothiocyanates (1993)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 68 (1993), S. 295-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Ceutorhynchus assimilis ; oilseed rape ; host plant volatiles ; attractant ; olfactometer ; isothiocyanate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The responses of the cabbage seed weevil,Ceutorhynchus assimilis Payk. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to volatiles from oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) were tested using a linear track olfactometer. Weevils were attracted towards the odour of rape during a short period before diapause and for most of their postdiapause life. Odours from both the flowering and green parts of the plant were attractive, but the odour of a non-host plant (Bellis perennis L.) was not. An entrainment extract of flowering rape volatiles in pentane was attractive, but significantly less so than the odour of flowering rape itself. Attraction was found to 3-butenyl and 4-pentenyl isothiocyanate (NCS), but not to 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate. A mixture of the three NCSs was more attractive than the individual NCSs. However, the concentration required to produce a response was still relatively high. Isothiocyanates, along with other volatiles from rape, probably play a role in host plant recognition by the seed weevil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380783
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discrimination of oilseed rape volatiles by the honeybee: combined chemical and biological approaches (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 83 (1997), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: honeybees ; oilseed rape ; volatiles ; olfactory discrimination ; learning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) were individually subjected to a classical conditioning procedure in order to obtain an olfactory conditioned proboscis extension response. To relate the behavioural response directly to antennal detection abilities, a technique was developped for coupling proboscis extension responses and electroantennogram recordings, with the stimulation being provided by the effluent of a gas chromatograph (GC). Bees were conditioned with a six-component mixture being part of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) floral volatiles, and tested with the individual components separated by GC. Responses of the conditioned bees were compared to those of unconditioned bees. No behavioural response was obtained in the control group, neither to the individual components nor to the mixture. Conditioning induced behavioural responses for three components, and an increase of electroantennogram responses for all components. A second experiment was conducted with an air entrainment extract of oilseed rape flower volatiles. Behavioural responses of conditioned and unconditioned bees were recorded. Responses obtained from conditioned bees tested with the air entrainment extract showed six groups of behaviourally active GC peaks. Unconditioned bees showed the same pattern of responses but at a lower level. The coupled technique described here appears to be a reliable tool for locating active components in a synthetic as well as in a natural mixture of floral volatiles. The effects of conditioning on odour discrimination and on its sensory correlates are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002936725557
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The responses of the cabbage seed weevil Ceutorhynchus assimilis to volatile compounds from oilseed rape in a linear track olfactometer (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 85 (1997), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: cabbage seed weevil ; Ceutorhynchus assimilis ; oilseed rape ; Brassica napus ; host-plant volatile ; olfactometer ; (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol ; methyl salicylate ; nitriles ; cyanides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The cabbage seed weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis Payk. [syn. Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham)] (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a crucifer-feeding insect, is a pest of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). It is known to be attracted by isothiocyanates, crucifer-specific volatiles that are metabolites of the glucosinolates. The responses of this insect to other electrophysiologically-active volatiles from rape were tested in a linear track olfactometer. Attraction was demonstrated to nitriles (phenylacetonitrile, 4-pentenenitrile and 5-hexenenitrile), which are also glucosinolate metabolites, and to volatiles emitted by a wider spectrum of plant families ((Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and methyl salicylate). Combination of an isothiocyanate mixture with phenylacetonitrile increased attraction, but there was no such increase when the isothiocyanate mixture was combined with methyl salicylate. A mixture of 23 volatiles, emulating an attractive air-entrainment extract of oilseed rape, was not significantly attractive, although a high proportion of weevils (60%) turned towards it. The potential of these volatiles for inclusion into an isothiocyanate-based monitoring system is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003140219888
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antennal perception of oilseed rape,Brassica napus (Brassicaceae), volatiles by the cabbage seed weevilCeutorhynchus assimilis (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 1649-1664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Ceutorhynchus assimilis ; cabbage seed weevil ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Brassica napus ; oilseed rape ; volatiles ; isothiocyanates ; EAG ; SCR ; GC-EAG ; GC-SCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The response of theCeutorhynchus assimilis antenna to volatiles in air entrainment-derived extracts of oilseed rape,Brassica napus, was studied using coupled gas chromatography (GC)-electroantennography (EAG) and coupled GC-single cell recording (SCR). By means of these techniques and coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 25 active compounds were identified, including isoprenoids and compounds derived from fatty acids and amino acids. Some of the latter, the isothiocyanates and goitrin, and probably indole and benzyl cyanide, are catabolites of glucosinolates. The electrophysiological activity of the identified compounds was confirmed by EAG using a physiologically discriminating dose, and by SCR studies. The importance of the combined use of the EAG and SCR techniques was demonstrated, since specific olfactory cells were located for five compounds that did not elicit significant EAG responses. The majority of the olfactory cells from which single cell recordings were obtained showed very high specificity, and in numerous recordings there were consistent pairings of specific cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033667
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction, Isolation, and Composition of Oviposition-Deterring Secretion of Cabbage Seed Weevil Ceutorhynchus assimilis (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 2227-2240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oviposition-deterring pheromone ; cabbage seed weevil ; Ceutorhynchus assimilis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral bioassays have confirmed that the oviposition-deterring secretion of the cabbage seed weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis Payk., can be isolated from glass tubes marked by the weevil and from extracts of its dissected seventh urotergite. Analysis of the secretion by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry showed that it contained iso- and n-alkanes, dimethylalkanes, alkenes, fatty acids, 15-nonacosanonc, 15-nonacosanol, and cholesterol. The oviposition-deterring properties of the secretion are associated with a more polar traction, isolated by liquid chromatography front an extract of the seventh urotergite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006441.74950.2f
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perception of Oviposition-Deterring Pheromone by Cabbage Seed Weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 25 (1999), S. 1655-1670 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oviposition-deterring pheromone ; host marking pheromone ; marker ; electrophysiology ; contact chemoreception ; gustatory sensilla ; antenna ; behavior ; Ceutorhynchus assimilis ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Brassica napus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Following oviposition into a pod of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), the female cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis) marks the pod with oviposition-deterring pheromone (ODP) by brushing it with her eighth abdominal tergite. On an unmarked pod, oviposition site selection was always accompanied by intensive antennation of the pod. Females approaching a freshly ODP-marked pod brought their antennae within 1 mm of the pod but usually did not antennate it before rejecting it for oviposition. Females with the clubs of their antennae amputated continued to discriminate pods from stems or petioles as oviposition sites but showed no behavioral response to ODP. Extracts of volatiles air-entrained from ovipositing weevils failed to inhibit oviposition. Air passed over a behaviorally active extract of ODP did not elicit a detectable electroantennogram response. By contrast, when presented as a gustatory stimulus to the sensilla chaetica of the antennal club, a behaviorally active extract of ODP from postdiapause, gravid females elicited a strong electrophysiological response. This response usually involved more than one cell and displayed a phasic–tonic time course over the recording period of 10 sec. Extract from prediapause (and hence sexually immature) females elicited neither behavioral nor electrophysiological (contact) responses. Thus the ODP of the cabbage seed weevil is sensed primarily by contact chemoreception at the sensilla chaetica of the antennae, and the electrophysiological responses recorded from these gustatory sensilla are of value as the basis of a bioassay to assist identification of the active constituent(s) of the pheromone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020801319251
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discrimination of oilseed rape volatiles by honey bee: Novel combined gas chromatographic-electrophysiological behavioral assay (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 3221-3231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Honey bee ; Apis mellifera ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; gas chromatography ; electroantennogram ; conditioned proboscis extension ; olfactory discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A novel technique for the simultaneous monitoring of electroan-tennogram (EAG) and conditioned proboscis extension (CPE) responses of honey bees to the effluent from a gas chromatograph (GC) was developed to locate biologically active components in blends of plant volatiles and to investigate odor recognition at the peripheral and behavioral levels. A six-component mixture, comprising compounds previously identified as oilseed rape floral volatiles, was used as the stimulus. Standard CPE and EAG recordings were done as a reference. EAG responses were elicited from unconditioned bees by all the components presented either in the coupled or the standard mode. Conditioned bees gave larger EAG responses than unconditioned bees, suggesting that antennal sensitivity is enhanced by conditioning. At the behavioral level, in both the standard and the coupled modes, only conditioned bees showed the proboscis extension response, with the majority of individuals responding to linalool, 2-phenylethanol, and benzyl alcohol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033722
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