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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term effects of herbicides on the photosynthetic apparatus II. Investigations on bentazone inhibition (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 17 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Non-cyclic electron transport by isolated chloroplasts from the alga Bumilleriopsis is inhibited by bentazone, while the activity of photosystem I is not affected. Chloroplast material isolated from cells grown for several days in the presence of bentazone also shows inhibition of photosystem II activity, similar to the decreased cellular photosynthesis. A slow partial recovery is possible, whereas it is fast and complete after exposure of cells or isolated chloroplasts to the herbicide for some hours only. Irreversibility of longterm inhibition could be a metabolic process which brings about the binding of bentazone (or an active derivative) to the thylakoids in vivo, but not in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1977.tb00446.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term effects of herbicides on the photosynthetic apparatus I. Influence of diuron, triazines and pyridazinones (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Long-term effects of herbicides on the photosynthetic membrane system were investigated. For this purpose the unicellular alga Bumilleriopsis filiformis was grown in liquid culture in the presence of sublethal concentrations of diuron, atrazine, metribuzin, and some substituted pyridazinones. This allowed reproducible growth conditions, exact dosing of herbicides, and also the preparation of functionally active cell-free photosynthetic systems.The electron transport system of cells grown in the presence of ureas and triazine derivatives is not impaired at all, wherea scultivation with pyridazinones damages their photosynthetic redox system. In addition, a strong bleaching effect is observed, whereas the first group of herbicides enhance chlorophyll formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00395.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different enzymes involved in NADH- and NADPH-dependent respiration in the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 26 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Filaments of N2-grown Anabaena variabilis exhibit soluble NADPH- and membrane-bound NADH-oxidizing activities. The NADPH-specific enzyme has been identified as ferredoxin-NADP oxidoreductase (FNR; EC 1.18.1.2) by the thionicotinamide-NADP transhydrogenase test, a ferredoxin-dependent hydrogenase assay, and by diaphorase systems. The FNR is easily removed by washing of French-press-prepared membranes. Concurrently, a loss of NADPH-dependent respiration is apparent, which is not reconstitutable by addition of Anabaena cytochrome c-553. The NADH-oxidizing activity, however, is only slightly affected by the washing procedure, and is completely reconstituted by cytochrome c-553. NADPH-dependent oxygen uptake is strongly inhibited by NADP, whereas inhibition of NADH-dependent oxygen uptake by NAD is less pronounced. The data give evidence that NADH and NADPH oxidations linked to the respiratory chain are mediated by two different enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1985.tb01582.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vanadate-sensitive proton efflux by filamentous cyanobacteria (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 22 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Light-induced proton efflux has been investigated with intact cells of Anabaena, Nostoc, Anacystis, and Aphanocapsa. The proton efflux by filamentous blue-green algae is biphasic, strongly inhibited by ortho-vanadate and insensitive to cyanide. These data are taken as evidence for a proton-pumping ATP-hydrolase present on the cytoplasmic membrane of Anabaena and Nostoc.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1984.tb00729.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of zeaxanthin in Escherichia coli transformed with different carotenogenic plasmids (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 48 (1997), S. 162-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Carotenoids are of great commercial interest and attempts are made to produce different carotenoids in transgenic bacteria and yeasts. Development of appropriate systems and optimization of carotenoid yield involves transformation with several new genes on suitable plasmids. Therefore, the non-carotenogenic bacterium Escherichia coli JM101 was transformed in our study with several genes that mediated the biosynthetic production of the carotenoid zeaxanthin in this host. Selection of plasmids for the introduction of five essential genes for zeaxanthin formation showed that a pACYC-derived plasmid was the best. Multiplasmid transformation generally decreased production of zeaxanthin. By cotransformation with different plasmids, limitations in the biosynthetic pathway were found at the level of geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate synthase and β-carotene hydroxylase. In our study a maximum zeaxanthin content of 289 μg/g dry weight was obtained. This involved the construction of a plasmid that mediated high-level expression of β-carotene hydroxylase. The level of expression was demonstrated on protein gels and solubilization by the mild detergent Brij 78 revealed that a significant portion of the expressed enzyme is located in the E. coli membranes where it can exert its catalytic function. Based on the results obtained, new strategies for vector construction and strain selection were proposed which could increase the present concentrations drastically. Optimal growth conditions of the transfomed E. coli strains for carotenoid formation were found at a temperature of 28 °C and a cultivation period of 2 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051032
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of Chlorophyll with Insoluble Protein of the Chloroplast in Green Algae (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 205 (1965), S. 1129-1130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We have isolated an insoluble chloroplast protein containing the pigments from green unicellular algae by a modified method and investigated its quantitative relation to the total chlorophyll of the cell under various culture conditions. Details of the methods used have been published elsewhere2. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2051129a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate formation in rewetted terrestrial cyanobacteria (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 72 (1987), S. 574-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria ; Nostoc commune ; Structural carbohydrates ; Glycogen ; Sheath
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune Vauch. formation of carbohydrate polymers was measured upon rewetting the mats in a light-dark regime. To discriminate between carbohydrates of different physiological function, total carbohydrate was determined as anthrone-reactive material (ARM) and storage carbohydrate (glycogen) assayed by an enzymic test. In the dry thalli glycogen was found to represent less than one tenth of the ARM. After rewetting an increase of total carbohydrate was observed in illuminated samples. Only glycogen, however, showed a regular pattern of synthesis and degradation during a 12:12 h light-dark cycle. This indicates that most carbohydrates detected by anthrone belong to the metabolically inert sheath material. When illuminated colonies were kept submerged after rewetting glycogen was hydrolyzed indicative of being used in the rapid recovery of cellular functions as observed in rewetted colonies. Apparently, photosynthesis allowed for net glycogen synthesis only, provided the mats were sufficiently aerated. These findings give evidence that the (carbohydrate) sheath plays an important role in water retention in an organism bound to a terrestrial habitat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378985
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy of plastids of Bumilleriopsis filiformis (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 98 (1974), S. 207-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Chloroplast Fine Structure ; Xanthophyceae ; Vegetative Cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The chloroplast structure of Bumilleriopsis filiformis shows typical characteristics reported for algae and particularly Xanthophyceae. Three thylakoids are often grouped forming lamellae, but the apposed membranes do not fuse; patterns involving more than three thylakoids also occur. A girdle lamella-present in plastids of different algae groups and also considered to be typical for Xanthophyceae-is absent; starch, and distinctive pyrenoids could not be observed either. Besides the chloroplast envelope the plastid is surrounded by and ER cisterna which partly forms a tubular “periplastidal reticulum” between the two encircling double membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425283
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Rolle von Plastocyanin und Cytochrom f im photosynthetischen Elektronentransport (1968)
    Springer
    Planta 79 (1968), S. 146-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The dependence of photosynthetic NADP reduction on plastocyanin in three different fragmented systems from spinach chloroplasts was investigated. 1. In sonicated chloroplasts oxygen evolution and NADP reduction is restored by the addition of 3 mμmoles of plastocyanin obtained from spinach. Thirty mμmoles of cytochrome552 from Euglena replaces plastocyanin at pH 7.4 to about 75% and at pH 8.0 to only about 30%. NADP reduction at the expense of an artificial donor system by the same sonicated chloroplast preparation is, however, restored by plastocyanin and cytochrome552 equally well. 2. It is already well documented that in digitonin fragmented chloroplasts NADP reduction at the expense of an artificial donor system is stimulated by the addition of plastocyanin. Cytochrome552 from Euglena is as effective as plastocyanin in this system. 3. Heptane treatment of chloroplasts followed by water extraction also leads to the liberation of plastocyanin. NADP reduction in heptane treated chloroplasts at the expense of an artificial donor system is stimulated either by the addition of plastocyanin or of cytochrome552. These results show that in three different types of particles from spinach chloroplasts both plastocyanin (spinach) and cytochrome552 (Euglena) are equally effective als electron donors for pigment system I of photosynthesis, coupled to NADP reduction. This conclusion follows from the fact that both are equally effective in stimulating NADP reduction at the expense of an artificial electron donor system. In sonicated chloroplasts plastocyanin seems to be the better electron acceptor for electrons coming from the photooxidation of water by light reaction II, since addition of plastocyanin to a system depending on oxygen evolution yields better rates than addition of cytochrome552. In order to explain the result that there are two possible electron donors for pigment system I it is suggested that there are two-perhaps spatially separated-pigment systems I in photosynthesis which are participating in a non-cyclic or a cyclic electron transport system and which are either coupled to plastocyanin or to cytochrome f. The difference in rates mentioned above may indicate that plastocyanin is a component of non-cyclic and cytochrome f of cyclic electron flow. The cyclic system can be converted into a non-cyclic system by the addition of an artificial electron donor and NADP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390158
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  • 10
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    Production of zeaxanthin in Escherichia coli transformed with different carotenogenic plasmids (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-08-25
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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