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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-02-20
    Beschreibung: In Part II of this two-part paper, documentation is provided of key aspects of a version of the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system models (CM4 and ESM4) under development at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). The quality of the simulation in AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) mode has been provided in Part I. Part II provides documentation of key components and some sensitivities to choices of model formulation and values of parameters, highlighting the convection parameterization and orographic gravity wave drag. The approach taken to tune the model's clouds to observations is a particular focal point. Care is taken to describe the extent to which aerosol effective forcing and Cess sensitivity have been tuned through the model development process, both of which are relevant to the ability of the model to simulate the evolution of temperatures over the last century when coupled to an ocean model.
    Digitale ISSN: 1942-2466
    Thema: Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-02-20
    Beschreibung: In this two-part paper, a description is provided of a version of the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system models (CM4 and ESM4) under development at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). This version, with roughly 100km horizontal resolution and 33 levels in the vertical, contains an aerosol model that generates aerosol fields from emissions and a “light” chemistry mechanism designed to support the aerosol model but with prescribed ozone. In Part I, the quality of the simulation in AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) mode – with prescribed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice distribution – is described and compared with previous GFDL models and with the CMIP5 archive of AMIP simulations. The model's Cess sensitivity (response in the top-of-atmosphere radiative flux to uniform warming of SSTs) and effective radiative forcing are also presented. In Part II, the model formulation is described more fully and key sensitivities to aspects of the model formulation are discussed, along with the approach to model tuning.
    Digitale ISSN: 1942-2466
    Thema: Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    In:  TAO, Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Corvallis, x + 406 pp., Oregon State University Press, vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 75-94, pp. L13610, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publikationsdatum: 1991
    Schlagwort(e): Seismic stratigraphy ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; TAO
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-06-20
    Beschreibung: This study examines two sets of high-resolution coupled model forecasts starting from no-tropical cyclone (TC) and correct-TC-statistics initial conditions to understand the role of TC events on climate prediction. While the model with no-TC initial conditions can quickly spin up TCs within a week, the initial conditions with a corrected TC distribution can produce more accurate forecast of sea surface temperature up to one and half months and maintain larger ocean heat content up to 6 months due to enhanced mixing from continuous interactions between initialized and forecasted TCs and the evolving ocean states. The TC-enhanced tropical ocean mixing strengthens the meridional heat transport in the Southern Hemisphere driven primarily by Southern Ocean surface Ekman fluxes but weakens the Northern Hemisphere poleward transport in this model. This study suggests a future plausible initialization procedure for seamless weather-climate prediction when individual convection-permitting cyclone initialization is incorporated into this TC-statistics-permitting framework.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Digitale ISSN: 1944-8007
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Publiziert von Wiley im Namen von American Geophysical Union (AGU).
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2000-09-23
    Beschreibung: Calorie restriction extends life-span in a wide variety of organisms. Although it has been suggested that calorie restriction may work by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species produced during respiration, the mechanism by which this regimen slows aging is uncertain. Here, we mimicked calorie restriction in yeast by physiological or genetic means and showed a substantial extension in life-span. This extension was not observed in strains mutant for SIR2 (which encodes the silencing protein Sir2p) or NPT1 (a gene in a pathway in the synthesis of NAD, the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). These findings suggest that the increased longevity induced by calorie restriction requires the activation of Sir2p by NAD.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, S J -- Defossez, P A -- Guarente, L -- 5-F32-AG05857-02/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 22;289(5487):2126-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11000115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; DNA, Circular/genetics/metabolism ; DNA, Fungal/genetics/metabolism ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics/metabolism ; *Energy Intake ; Enzyme Activation ; *Gene Silencing ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Histone Deacetylases/genetics/*metabolism ; *Longevity ; Mutation ; NAD/*metabolism ; Pentosyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; *Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Sirtuin 2 ; Sirtuins ; Trans-Activators/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 1997-11-05
    Beschreibung: Reactive and potentially toxic cofactors such as copper ions are imported into eukaryotic cells and incorporated into target proteins by unknown mechanisms. Atx1, a prototypical copper chaperone protein from yeast, has now been shown to act as a soluble cytoplasmic copper(I) receptor that can adopt either a two- or three-coordinate metal center in the active site. Atx1 also associated directly with the Atx1-like cytosolic domains of Ccc2, a vesicular protein defined in genetic studies as a member of the copper-trafficking pathway. The unusual structure and dynamics of Atx1 suggest a copper exchange function for this protein and related domains in the Menkes and Wilson disease proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pufahl, R A -- Singer, C P -- Peariso, K L -- Lin, S J -- Schmidt, P J -- Fahrni, C J -- Culotta, V C -- Penner-Hahn, J E -- O'Halloran, T V -- GM-38047/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-50016/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-54111/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM054111/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Oct 31;278(5339):853-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9346482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; *Carrier Proteins ; *Cation Transport Proteins ; Copper/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; Fungal Proteins/metabolism/*physiology ; Humans ; Molecular Chaperones/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Recombinant Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism/*physiology ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-04-27
    Beschreibung: Color patterns of bird plumage affect animal behavior and speciation. Diverse patterns are present in different species and within the individual. Here, we study the cellular and molecular basis of feather pigment pattern formation. Melanocyte progenitors are distributed as a horizontal ring in the proximal follicle, sending melanocytes vertically up into the epithelial cylinder, which gradually emerges as feathers grow. Different pigment patterns form by modulating the presence, arrangement, or differentiation of melanocytes. A layer of peripheral pulp further regulates pigmentation via patterned agouti expression. Lifetime feather cyclic regeneration resets pigment patterns for physiological needs. Thus, the evolution of stem cell niche topology allows complex pigment patterning through combinatorial co-option of simple regulatory mechanisms.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144997/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4144997/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, S J -- Foley, J -- Jiang, T X -- Yeh, C Y -- Wu, P -- Foley, A -- Yen, C M -- Huang, Y C -- Cheng, H C -- Chen, C F -- Reeder, B -- Jee, S H -- Widelitz, R B -- Chuong, C M -- AR060306/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AR42177/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AR47364/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR042177/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR047364/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jun 21;340(6139):1442-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1230374. Epub 2013 Apr 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23618762" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Agouti Signaling Protein/metabolism ; Animals ; Birds/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Chickens/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Columbidae/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Feathers/*cytology/growth & development ; Female ; Galliformes/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Male ; Melanocytes/*cytology/physiology ; Models, Biological ; *Pigmentation ; Regeneration ; *Stem Cell Niche ; Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2005-07-30
    Beschreibung: Calorie restriction (CR) extends the life span of numerous species, from yeast to rodents. Yeast Sir2 is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase that has been proposed to mediate the effects of CR. However, this hypothesis has been challenged by the observation that CR can extend yeast life span in the absence of Sir2. Here, we show that Sir2-independent life-span extension is mediated by Hst2, a Sir2 homolog that promotes the stability of repetitive ribosomal DNA, the same mechanism by which Sir2 extends life span. These findings demonstrate that the maintenance of DNA stability is critical for yeast life-span extension by CR and suggest that, in higher organisms, multiple members of the Sir2 family may regulate life span in response to diet.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lamming, Dudley W -- Latorre-Esteves, Magda -- Medvedik, Oliver -- Wong, Stacy N -- Tsang, Felicia A -- Wang, Chen -- Lin, Su-Ju -- Sinclair, David A -- R01 AG024351/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1861-4. Epub 2005 Jul 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16051752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Caloric Restriction ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Fungal ; Histone Deacetylases/genetics/physiology ; *Longevity ; Mutation ; Niacinamide/pharmacology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae/physiology ; Sirtuin 2 ; Sirtuins/*genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-04-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sinclair, David A -- Lin, Su-Ju -- Guarente, Leonard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Apr 14;312(5771):195-7; author reply 195-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16614198" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aging/genetics ; Animals ; Caloric Restriction ; DNA, Circular/physiology ; DNA, Ribosomal/physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Histone Deacetylases/*genetics/physiology ; Longevity/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Silent Information Regulator Proteins, Saccharomyces ; cerevisiae/*genetics/physiology ; Sirtuin 2 ; Sirtuins/*genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-16
    Beschreibung: In the new era, the Northeast power grid is facing a series of opportunities and challenges. In this paper, the strategy of “complementary”, “transmission” and “mutual benefit” coordinated development of Northeast China Power Grid and national energy grid is formulated based on the relevant national policy planning; Considering the difference of unique geographical location, natural resources, human resources, technology and other factors of the northeast and other areas; taking into account the development situation and future development needs of all regions, formed a coordinated development strategy layout, covering the unified planning, new energy development, peaking capacity construction, power substitution and talent support. It is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the national energy allocation and utilization, and to solve the practical problems faced by the power grid, so as to realize the coordinated development of the Northeast Power Grid and the national energ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Digitale ISSN: 1757-899X
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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