ISSN:
1089-7550
Quelle:
AIP Digital Archive
Thema:
Physik
Notizen:
The effect of the vapor pressure on the properties of LiNbO3 waveguides proton exchanged in benzoic acid vapor is reported. The vapor pressure has been controlled by buffering the acid melt with different lithium benzoate concentrations, 0%≤ρ≤10%. Exchanged layers have been characterized by measuring effective indices, OH− infrared absorption, propagation losses, x-ray rocking curves, and second-harmonic generation. At 300 °C (24 h), highly homogeneous layers of κ2 phase (index jump at 632.8 nm within 0.08〈Δne〈0.10) and β1 phase (0.10〈Δne〈0.11) are obtained respectively in z-cut and x-cut substrates for ρ≤2%. For 4%≤ρ≤6%, in both z and x cuts, much less homogenous layers of κ1 phase (0.03〈Δne〈0.07) are obtained, and for ρ≥8%, only highly homogeneous α-phase (Δne〈0.03) layers are produced. Under none of our experimental conditions, κ2 phase could be obtained on x-cut substrates. All α, κ1, and κ2 layers exhibit good second-harmonic generation efficiency, while in β1 layers it is negligible. All homogeneous phases show very low propagation losses (〈0.35 dB/cm), but losses are much greater in nonhomogeneous κ1 layers. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
Materialart:
Digitale Medien
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369169
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