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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 21 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: . Programs are presented for the HP41C and TI59 programmable calculators for determining the ratio of horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivity in anisotropic confined aquifers from pumping test data or for calculating drawdown given the aquifer parameters. The programs, based on Hantush's drawdown equations (1961), eliminate the need to perform triple interpolation in obtaining the drawdown correction factor given in tabular form by Weeks (1969). The programs are illustrated by example.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 23 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: The ground-water flowmeter system, model 3OL, manufactured by K-V Associates Inc., Falmouth, Massachusetts was tested under controlled laboratory conditions. The influence of slotted pipe schedule, slot orientation, backfill materials, endcap bags, isolated regions of high hydraulic conductivity, and channelization near the slotted pipe wall was measured. The physical concept of the flow-meter in an ideal configuration was analyzed, and with the aid of an analytical model, the significance of the thermal and hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer and backfill materials is clarified. Results indicate that the basic instrument response is linear, consistent, and predictable qualitatively in a laboratory environment. Analysis and measurements show clearly that very small channelization around a slotted pipe casing or between the slotted pipe and the probe endcap can invalidate the instrument response. Additional potential complications arise due to unknown permeability contrasts between the aquifer matrix and the material used to backfill around the probe.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: The scale-dependence of dispersivity values used in contaminant transport models to estimate the spreading of contaminant plumes by hydrodynamic dispersion processes was investigated and found to be an artifact of conventional modeling approaches (especially, vertically averaged parameters in two-dimensional plume simulations). The work reported here shows that variations in hydraulic conductivity with depth result in significant variations in ground-water flow and contaminant transport velocities; it is the resulting velocity variations that, if vertically averaged, give rise to apparent scale-dependency of dispersion (e.g., increased dispersion with increasing travel distance). Special depth-selective observation well designs are recommended by the authors for use in tracer tests, so that detailed estimates of the variations in hydraulic conductivity, and flow and transport velocities can be obtained. Innovative modeling techniques that take advantage of the detailed information obtainable from such tests (by emphasizing advective transport, as opposed to dispersive transport), have been developed by the authors. These modeling techniques are shown to have an element of true predictive ability, being able to closely simulate actual results with little or no calibration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 21 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Many hydrologists have observed that dispersion coefficients, when measured in the field, turn out to be scale-dependent. That is, the greater the travel distance in a tracer test used to measure dispersivity, the larger the dispersivity value that is calculated. Recently, Güven et al.(1983) presented a study which contains a basis for understanding the phenomenon of scale-dependent dispersion within a deterministic framework. The results of that study are used as a basis for defining a scale-dependent macro- dispersion coefficient for unidirectional flow in a stratified aquifer. Theoretical expressions are then obtained for the macrodispersivity, its various components, and its small time and large time limits. Using the data of Pickens and Grisak (1981a, b), numerical values are calculated for the macrodispersivity, and estimates are made of the travel distance required in order to reach Fickian conditions. Asymptotic large time macrodispersivity values of 49.5 m to 990 m and travel distances of 5.4 km to 109 km result for the particular aquifer studied. Based on these results it appears that Fickian conditions will seldom apply in practice to porous media flow. This study and previous studies show that the primary physical mechanism that causes spreading of a solute near the source is different advection rates at different elevations in the aquifer. Present results and comparisons with field data indicate that this phenomenon is not represented well by a scale- dependent dispersion coefficient. In modeling dispersion phenomena, it appears that more emphasis should be placed on field study and the accurate determination of hydraulic conductivity variations and other nonhomogeneities, and less on incorporating somewhat arbitrary dispersion coefficients into complex mathematical models.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 29 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Multilevel slug tests were conducted in a confined, granular aquifer near Mobile, Alabama. Tracer injection and travel time experiments, more direct measurements of transport in the aquifer, were also conducted at the same location. The objective was to compare results of the two field investigations to ascertain the accuracy and utility of slug testing to measure transport properties of the aquifer. Nondimensional hydraulic conductivity profiles inferred from the slug tests and the tracer experiments were similar. The similarity of the profiles supported the utility of multilevel slug testing to characterize the hydraulic conductivity profile in the aquifer.The slug test data collected in three wells were interpreted using a radial flow model (Cooper et al., 1967) and a finite element model which considered both radial and vertical flow (Widdowson et al., 1989, 1990). Hydraulic conductivity values inferred from the measured data considering both radial and vertical flow were approximately two-thirds of the values inferred assuming radial flow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 28 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: The multilevel slug test is a technique that provides data for determining the local value of hydraulic conductivity at a specific elevation. However, existing data analysis techniques developed for fully screened and/or partially screened slug tests (Cooper et al., 1967; and Bouwer and Rice, 1976) and packer slug tests (Dagan, 1978) are not adequate for application to the general multilevel case. Through the application of a numerical flow model to the problem, a new means to analyze multilevel slug test data is developed. Simulations performed for both confined and unconfined cases using a finite-element model yield values of dimensionless discharge for a complete range of multilevel slug test geometries. Effects of anisotropy and location of instrumentation relative to aquifer boundaries are also considered. The method allows for values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity to be determined directly from slug test data. Application to experimental data is provided in an outline of the procedure
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Four single-well tracer tests and a two-well tracer test performed in a 21-m thick confined granular aquifer at a field site near Mobile, Alabama, are described. The data from these tests together with previously published data from a single-well test and a two-well test allow one to begin to develop a three-dimensional picture of the hydraulic properties of the study aquifer. A consistent feature of all the tests is a high hydraulic conductivity zone which appears in the bottom third of the aquifer. This result is in agreement with hydraulic conductivity distributions inferred from previous aquifer thermal energy storage experiments at the same site. In some locations the new tests indicated high hydraulic conductivity zones in the upper third of the aquifer which were not detected in the previous two-well test and single-well tests performed at the same site but at different locations. Despite the three-dimensional spatial variations of hydraulic conductivity indicated by these tests, it was possible to predict the major features of the tracer concentration as a function of time at the withdrawal well in the two-well test by means of an available numerical model assuming perfect stratification at the test site and using a hydraulic conductivity distribution inferred from a single-well test.The apparent success of the model prediction presented here, as well as the success of a similar numerical simulation of the previous two-well test reported earlier, seem to support the conclusion that the study aquifer has an approximately stratified flow field at the test site. These field test results provide further evidence that reliable predictions of solute transport in a real aquifer will depend on a sufficiently detailed knowledged of the major features of the three-dimensional advection pattern in the aquifer. Based on this study and previous studies, it appears that a healthy mixture of viewpoints and techniques (geologic, hydrologic, geophysical, etc.) will be necessary to characterize the transport properties of natural ground-water systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 25 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: A steady-state hillside seepage problem is solved analytically. Subject to the Dupuit-Forchheimer assumption, one-dimensional seepage with uniform recharge over an inclined impervious bed is analyzed. Results are presented graphically showing the profile dependence on a single parameter. Properties of the profiles arc investigated. Profiles are also calculated numerically and plotted to improve the physical interpretation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 21 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Determination of the potential of a specific confined aquifer as an effective thermal energy storage medium requires thorough knowledge of the geochemical, thermodynamic, and hydraulic properties of the aquifer and its confining layers. A series of laboratory and field studies must be performed in order to determine the fundamental parameters. Procedures and analyses of a series of tests for a confined aquifer near Mobile, Alabama were completed prior to an aquifer thermal energy storage experiment. Parameters determined were: the regional gradient; vertical and horizontal permeabilities of the storage aquifer; horizontal dispersivity of the storage aquifer; vertical permeability of the confining layers; and thermal conductivities, heat capacities, and chemical characteristics of the aquifer matrix and native ground water.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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