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  • 1
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    Variability in the Concentration of Lithium in the Indo‐Pacific Ocean (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-04
    Description: Lithium has limited biological activity and can readily replace aluminium, magnesium and iron ions in aluminosilicates, making it a proxy for the inorganic silicate cycle and its potential link to the carbon cycle. Data from the North Pacific Ocean, tropical Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean and Red Sea suggest that salinity normalized dissolved lithium concentrations vary by up to 2%–3% in the Indo‐Pacific Ocean. The highest lithium concentrations were measured in surface waters of remote North Pacific and Indian Ocean stations that receive relatively high fluxes of dust. The lowest dissolved lithium concentrations were measured just below the surface mixed layer of the stations with highest surface water concentrations, consistent with removal into freshly forming aluminium rich phases and manganese oxides. In the North Pacific, water from depths 〉2,000 m is slightly depleted in lithium compared to the initial composition of Antarctic Bottom Water, likely due to uptake of lithium by authigenically forming aluminosilicates. The results of this study suggest that the residence time of lithium in the ocean may be significantly shorter than calculated from riverine and hydrothermal fluxes.
    Description: Key Points: Li/Na ratios vary by up to 2%–3% in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Authigenic formation of aluminosilicates slightly deplete deep‐water lithium concentrations in the North Pacific. The residence time of lithium in the ocean is 240,000 ± 70,000 years, based on removal from North Pacific deep‐water.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: MoES, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004814
    Description: National Science Foundation USA
    Description: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.941888
    Keywords: ddc:551
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
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    Shallow calcium carbonate cycling in the North Pacific Ocean (2022)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-06
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2022. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 36(5), (2022): e2022GB007388, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022gb007388.
    Description: The cycling of biologically produced calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the ocean is a fundamental component of the global carbon cycle. Here, we present experimental determinations of in situ coccolith and foraminiferal calcite dissolution rates. We combine these rates with solid phase fluxes, dissolved tracers, and historical data to constrain the alkalinity cycle in the shallow North Pacific Ocean. The in situ dissolution rates of coccolithophores demonstrate a nonlinear dependence on saturation state. Dissolution rates of all three major calcifying groups (coccoliths, foraminifera, and aragonitic pteropods) are too slow to explain the patterns of both CaCO3 sinking flux and alkalinity regeneration in the North Pacific. Using a combination of dissolved and solid-phase tracers, we document a significant dissolution signal in seawater supersaturated for calcite. Driving CaCO3 dissolution with a combination of ambient saturation state and oxygen consumption simultaneously explains solid-phase CaCO3 flux profiles and patterns of alkalinity regeneration across the entire N. Pacific basin. We do not need to invoke the presence of carbonate phases with higher solubilities. Instead, biomineralization and metabolic processes intimately associate the acid (CO2) and the base (CaCO3) in the same particles, driving the coupled shallow remineralization of organic carbon and CaCO3. The linkage of these processes likely occurs through a combination of dissolution due to zooplankton grazing and microbial aerobic respiration within degrading particle aggregates. The coupling of these cycles acts as a major filter on the export of both organic and inorganic carbon to the deep ocean.
    Description: This work was funded by NSF OCE-1220301 to W.B., NSF OCE-1220600 to J.F.A., and startup funding for A.V.S.
    Description: 2022-11-06
    Keywords: Calcium carbonate ; Dissolution ; Carbon cycle
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 3
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    Authigenic Formation of Clay Minerals in the Abyssal North Pacific (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
    Description: Present estimates of the biogeochemical cycles of calcium, strontium, and potassium in the ocean reveal large imbalances between known input and output fluxes. Using pore fluid, incubation, and solid sediment data from North Pacific multi‐corer cores we show that, contrary to the common paradigm, the top centimeters of abyssal sediments can be an active site of authigenic precipitation of clay minerals. In this region, clay authigenesis is the dominant sink for potassium and strontium and consumes nearly all calcium released from benthic dissolution of calcium carbonates. These observations support the idea that clay authigenesis occurring over broad regions of the world ocean may be a major buffer for ocean chemistry on the time scale of the ocean overturning circulation, and key to the long‐term stability of Earth's climate.
    Description: Key Points: North Pacific red clay sediments are a sink for marine calcium, strontium, and potassium. Authigenic formation of clay minerals is prevalent in pelagic sediments throughout the North Pacific. The main mechanism for clay formation is recrystallization of aluminosilicates, neoformation can occur in biogenic silica rich sediments.
    Description: EC H2020 PRIORITY “Excellent science” H2020 European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
    Description: Blavatnik Family Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011643
    Description: Isaac Newton Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004815
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
    Description: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946881
    Keywords: ddc:549 ; reverse weathering ; clay authigenesis ; calcium ; potassium ; porewater ; strontium
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 4
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    Aerosol lithium concentration data from the Indian and Pacific ocean (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-04
    Description: A total of 125 aerosol samples were analysed for their lithium concentrations and deposition flux. Daily aerosol samples were collected from the Pacific Ocean during CLIVAR-CO2 Repeat Hydrography Sections P16 and P2. The P16 section follows 150°-152°W and was divided into two legs, a southern leg from 17°S to 71°S in January-February 2005, and a northern leg from 16°S to 56°N in February-March 2006. CLIVAR-CO2 section P2 from Japan to San Diego, along 30°N, was visited in June-August 2004. The aerosol data from both CLIVAR-CO2 sections include aerosol lithium concentration measured following digestion in HF:HNO3:HCl mixture and corrected for sea-salt contributions (Li xs total), the P16 data also includes aerosol lithium extracted with ultrapure deionised water (≥18 MΩ) by pulling 100 mL of deionised water within ten seconds through the filter (Li xs MQ). Aerosol lithium deposition flux was calculated based on the local rain rate.
    Keywords: aerosol; Cruise/expedition; DATE/TIME; Indian Ocean; LATITUDE; Lithium; Lithium, flux; Lithium, soluble; LONGITUDE; Pacific Ocean; Precipitation, annual, mean; Sinking velocity
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 999 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Physical oceanography during SONNE cruise SO289 (stainless steel CTD 1 m resolution) (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-01
    Description: During RV Sonne cruise SO289 from Valparaiso, Chile to Nouméa, New Caledonia (GEOTRACES GP21 transect) during February – April 2022 two SeaBird SBE911Plus CTD were deployed at 44 different stations. One CTD was mounted on a stainless-steel rosette and was connected to the following sensors: Pressure (Digiquartz with TC), two temperature sensors (ITS90 °C), two conductivity sensors, oxygen (SBE43), PAR (Biospherical Licor Chelsea sensor), fluorometer (Wet Labs ECO-AFL/FL), turbidity (Wet Labs ECO-NTU) and an altimeter. The second CTD was mounted on a titanium rosette used for trace metal clean collection of water samples, and was connected to the following sensors: Pressure (Digiquartz with TC), two temperature sensors (ITS90 °C), two conductivity sensors, two oxygen sensors (SBE43), transmissometer (Wet Labs C-Star), turbidity (OBS Seapoint) and an altimeter. The oxygen and salinity data were calibrated against discrete water samples.
    Keywords: CTD; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Event label; Fluorescence, chlorophyll; GEOTRACES; GEOTRACES GP21; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; In situ pump; ISP; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Oxygen; Pressure, water; Quality flag; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; SO289; SO289_10-2; SO289_11-2; SO289_1-2; SO289_12-2; SO289_12-4; SO289_13-2; SO289_14-2; SO289_15-2; SO289_16-2; SO289_16-4; SO289_17-2; SO289_18-2; SO289_19-1; SO289_19-4; SO289_20-2; SO289_2-2; SO289_22-2; SO289_22-4; SO289_23-2; SO289_24-1; SO289_24-4; SO289_25-2; SO289_26-2; SO289_27-2; SO289_28-2; SO289_28-4; SO289_29-2; SO289_30-2; SO289_3-1; SO289_31-2; SO289_31-4; SO289_32-2; SO289_33-2; SO289_33-4; SO289_34-2; SO289_35-2; SO289_36-2; SO289_36-4; SO289_37-2; SO289_38-2; SO289_38-4; SO289_39-1; SO289_40-1; SO289_4-1; SO289_41-2; SO289_42-2; SO289_42-4; SO289_43-2; SO289_44-2; SO289_5-1; SO289_5-4; SO289_6-2; SO289_7-2; SO289_8-2; SO289_8-4; SO289_9-2; Sonne_2; South Pacific Ocean; Temperature, water; Turbidity (Nephelometric turbidity unit)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2350342 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Time series (2017-2018) of dissolved trace metals, macro-nutrients, major elements and Pb isotopes in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-13
    Description: This dataset contains concentrations of dissolved trace metals (Al, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb), macro-nutrients (Si and PO4), major elements (Li, Ca, K, Mg, and Sr) and Pb isotope compositions (206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb) from a time-series station (Station A, ~700 m water depth) at the Gulf of Aqaba, northern Red Sea. Vertical water column profiles were collected between January 2017 and November 2018 on a monthly-daily resolution as part of the GEOTRACES REDMAST campaign. Seawater samples were collected using GO-Flo bottles, filtered (0.2 µm) and acidified to pH〈1.8. Samples for trace metal concentrations and Pb isotopes were pre-concentrated using the the NOBIAS chelate PA-1 resin and measured using an Agilent 7500cx Magnetic Sector ICP-MS and a Thermo-Scientific Neptune Plus Multi Collector ICP-MS, respectively (Benaltabet, T., Lapid, G., & Torfstein, A. (2020). Seawater Pb concentration and isotopic composition response to daily time scale dust storms in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Marine Chemistry, 227, 103895.‏). Macro-nutrient concentrations were measured using a Flow Injection Quik-Chem 8500 Auto-analyzer (Grasshoff, K., Kremling, K., & Ehrhardt, M. (Eds.). (2009). Methods of seawater analysis. John Wiley & Sons.‏). Major elements were analyzed as their ratio to Na by sample-standard bracketing using an Agilent Technology Varian-720 ICP-OES (Steiner, Z., Turchyn, A. V., Harpaz, E., & Silverman, J. (2018). Water chemistry reveals a significant decline in coral calcification rates in the southern Red Sea. Nature communications, 9(1), 3615.‏).
    Keywords: Aluminium; Cadmium; Calcium; Cobalt; Copper; DATE/TIME; Density, sigma-theta (0); DEPTH, water; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; GOFLO; Go-Flo bottles; Gulf_of_Aqaba-Station-A; isotope compositions; LATITUDE; Lead; Lead-206/Lead-207 ratio; Lead-208/Lead-206 ratio; Lithium; LONGITUDE; macronutrients; Magnesium; major elements; Manganese; Nickel; oceanographic time series; Pb isotopes; Phosphate; Potassium; Red Sea; Salinity; seawater; Silicate; Standard deviation; Strontium; Temperature, water; trace metals; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4819 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Particulate carbon data from 5 sediment cores from the North Pacific CDisK-IV expedition (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Description: Sediment PIC concentration profiles were determined from dried and ground sediment powder. Splits were weighed into 10 mL exetainer test tubes (5-20 mg) and acidified with 10% phosphoric acid. The evolved CO2 was measured using a Picarro 2131i. Total CO2 in the Picarro analysis was standardized by running known masses of optical grade calcite standard material.
    Keywords: Carbon, inorganic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate; CDISK4-1; CDISK4-2; CDISK4-3; CDISK4-4; CDISK4-5; CDISK-IV; Depth, compacted; Elevation of event; Event label; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; MUC; MultiCorer; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; RV Kilo Moana; sediment; Station label
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 455 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Porewater chemistry from sediment core CDISK4-1 from the North Pacific CDisK-IV expedition (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-11
    Description: Samples were collected at six oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017 using an 8-barrel multi-corer. Sediment porewaters were extracted in a cold room, using Rhizon samplers inserted into pre-drilled holes in the core liner, from two cores with undisturbed sediment-water interfaces, from each multi-corer cast. Pre-treatment of the Rhizon samplers and the sampling protocol was different for each of the two cores. Rhizons inserted to core number 1 from each cast were new from the box, and the samples were used for nutrient and major element analyses. A 20 ml syringe was filled from each Rhizon, inserted dry, and the extracted water was filtered again via a 0.45 µm filter. Rhizons inserted to core number 2 were acid-cleaned with 0.001 N HNO3 for at least 24 hours, rinsed with de-ionised water (Milli-Q, Millipore) and kept in de-ionised water until use. The first 1 mL extracted was discarded, and the next 2 mL were stored in acid cleaned polypropylene (PP) vials. These samples, destined for analyses of trace and major elements, were acidified with HNO3 to final acid concentration of 0.035 M.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Arsenic; Barium; Cadmium; Calcium/Sodium ratio; CDISK4-1; CDISK-IV; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Iron; Lead; Lithium/Sodium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Sodium ratio; Manganese; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Nickel; Nitrate and Nitrite; North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; Potassium/Sodium ratio; RV Kilo Moana; Sample code/label; sediment; Silicate; Standard deviation; Station label; Strontium/Calcium ratio; Strontium/Sodium ratio; Sulfur/Sodium ratio; Uranium; Vanadium; Zinc; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1275 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Major and trace element concentrations of red clay bulk marine sediment from the North Pacific CDisK-IV expedition (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-19
    Description: This dataset includes the analyses of major elements (except Si), trace, and rare earth element concentrations of marine sediment samples collected with a multi-corer during CDisK-IV cruise. Samples were prepared and analyzed by Peter W. Crockford and Ann G. Dunlea at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). In trace-metal clean labs, samples were cooked in a heated acid cocktail (HNO3, HCl, HF) with later additions of H2O2 before being dried down and brought back up with HNO3 and H2O2 and diluted. Sample solutions were analyzed on a Thermo Fischer Scientific iCAP inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) in the WHOI Plasma Facility. Precision was determined by digesting two samples three times each. The average relative standard deviation of the two sets of triplicate analyses determined precision to be ~3%. The evaporation of HF causes loss of Si, so those concentrations are not reported.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Antimony; Barium; Caesium; Calcium; CDISK4-1; CDISK4-2; CDISK4-3; CDISK4-4; CDISK4-5; CDISK-IV; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Copper; Depth, bathymetric; Depth, sediment, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, sediment, experiment, top/minimum; Dysprosium; Erbium; Europium; Event label; Gadolinium; Hafnium; Holmium; Iron; Lanthanum; Lead; Lithium; Lutetium; Magnesium; major and trace element data; Manganese; marine sediment; Molybdenum; MUC; MultiCorer; Neodymium; Nickel; North Pacific; pelagic clay; Phosphorus; Potassium; Pristane; Red Clay; Rubidium; RV Kilo Moana; Samarium; Scandium; Sodium; Station label; Strontium; Terbium; Thallium; Thorium; Thulium; Tin; Titanium; Uranium; Vanadium; Ytterbium; Yttrium; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1690 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Porewater and sediment data from the North Pacific CDisK-IV expedition (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Samples were collected at five oceanographic stations during cruise CDisK-IV on board RV Kilo Moana from Hawaii to Alaska in August 2017. An 8-barrel multi-corer (Ocean Instruments 800 multi-corer with 9.6 cm inner diameter polycarbonate liners) was used for retrieving short sediment cores and immediately overlying water at each station. Two cores from each multi-corer cast were incubated in a cold room (2°C) over the course of days-to-weeks, two additional cores were sampled in the cold room for porewater using Rhizon samplers, and a fifth core was sectioned for sedimentological work.
    Keywords: North Pacific Ocean; Porewater chemistry; sediment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 9 datasets
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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