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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome movements in chloral hydrate treated endosperm cells in vitro (1967)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 22 (1967), S. 465-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of chloral hydrate on endosperm cells of Haemanthus katherinae was studied. Four types of mitotic disturbances were described: a) Normal bipolar mitosis with one or few chromosomes lying out of the metaphase plate. Bipolar mitoses are sometimes arrested in anaphase and followed by the formation of a restitution nucleus. b) Tri — or multipolar anaphases. c) “Diffuse anaphase” movements i.e., active anaphase movements without distinct poles followed by the formation of multipolar phragmoplasts and cell walls. d) C-mitosis resembling the effect of colchicine. Some aspects of the described phenomena were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286548
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of spindle fibers, kinetochore orientation, and behavior of the nuclear envelope during mitosis in endosperm (1969)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 27 (1969), S. 448-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The formation of kinetochore (chromosomal) and continuous fibers, and the behavior of the nuclear envelope (NE) was described in studies combining light and electron microscopy. Microtubules (MTs) “push” and “pull” the NE which becomes progressively weaker before breaking. It breaks to a certain extent due to mechanical pressure. Clear zone MTs penetrate into the nuclear area as dense bundles and form continuous fibers. These MTs also attach to some kinetochores during this process. Some kinetochore fibers seem to be formed by the kinetochores themselves which are also responsible for further development and changes of kinetochore fibers. Formation of kinetochore fibers is asynchronous for different chromosomes and even for two sister kinetochores. Often temporary “faulty” connections between different kinetochores or the polar regions are formed which usually break in later stages. This results in movements of chromosomes toward the poles and across the spindle during prometaphase. The NE, whose fine structure has been described, breaks into small pieces which often persist to the next mitosis. Old pieces of NE are utilized in the formation of new NE at telophase. Several problems concerning the mechanism of chromosome movements, visibility of the NE, etc., have also been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325682
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional localization and redistribution of F-actin in higher plant mitosis and cell plate formation (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 10 (1988), S. 217-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: immunogold ; microtubules ; optical sectioning ; video microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The distribution of F-actin cables in dividing endosperm cells of a higher plant, Haemanthus, was visualized with the immunogold-silver-enhanced method and compared with the arrangement of immunogold-stained microtubules in the same cells. The three-dimensional distribution of F-actin cables and microtubules during mitosis and cell plate formation was analyzed using ultrathin optical sectioning of whole mounts in polarized light video microscopy. F-actin cables form a loose irregular network in the interphase cytoplasm. Much of this network remains outside of the spindle during mitosis. A few F-actin cables were detected within the spindle. Their pronounced rearrangement during mitosis appears to be related to the presence and growth of microtubule arrays. During prometaphase, actin cables located on the spindle surface and those present within the spindle tend to arrange parallel to the long axis of the spindle. Cables outside the spindle do not reorient, except those at the polar region, where they appear to be compressed by the elongating spindle. Beginning with mid-anaphase, shorter actin cables oriented in various directions accumulate at the equator. Some of them are incorporated into the phragmoplast and cell plate and are gradually fragmented as the cell plate is formed and ages. Actin cables adjacent to microtubule arrays often show a regular punctate staining pattern. Such a pattern is seldom observed in the peripheral cytoplasm, which contains few microtubules. The rearrangement of F-actin cables mimicks the behavior of spindle inclusions, such as starch grains, mitochondria, etc., implying that F-actin is redistributed passively by microtubule growth or microtubule-related transport. Thus F-actin or actomyosin-based motility does not appear to be directly involved in mitosis and cytokinesis in higher plants.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970100126
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