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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Zeitschrift 180 (1982), S. 79-80 
    ISSN: 1432-1823
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Zeitschrift 181 (1982), S. 49-54 
    ISSN: 1432-1823
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental astronomy 3 (1994), S. 109-116 
    ISSN: 1572-9508
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the status of NASA's Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) program. SIRTF will be a cryogenically cooled observatory for infrared astronomy from space and is planned for launch early in the next decade. It will be the first cryogenic space observatory to make extensive use of the powerful infrared detector array technology discussed at this conference. We summarize a newly developed SIRTF mission concept and show how the availability of detector arrays has shaped the scientific rationale for SIRTF, and how the arrays themselves have become part of the definition of the SIRTF mission.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of geometry 19 (1982), S. 166-174 
    ISSN: 1420-8997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In the case of certain geometries Σ(ℜℒ) [1] over kinematic algebras [5],[6] the ℒ-trace of the system of chains can be characterized by constant curvature. The curvature allows an affine interpretation of non-affine points.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of geometry 22 (1984), S. 189-192 
    ISSN: 1420-8997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Lie theory renders a concept of curvature χ for the geometries Σ(ℜ,ϰ) introduced by W. Benz [1]. Among regular curves in $$\mathfrak{L}$$ the chains of Σ(ℜ, $$\mathfrak{L}$$ ) are characterized by χ=0.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Key words Carboxymethylcellulose ; Rheology ; Optical rheometry ; Flow birefringence ; Orientation angle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) in solution represents a complex rheological system, since it forms aggregates and associations and hence higher-level structures and, depending on the synthesis, is only found in a molecularly dispersed form in exceptional cases. Rheo-mechanical investigations of the viscoelasticity showed that the Cox-Merz rule is not fulfilled. The aim was therefore to examine whether rheo-optics could be employed to provide more detailed conclusions about the parameters that influence the flow behavior of NaCMC than has hitherto been available with mechanical methods. The flow birefringence, Δn ′, rises as the degree of polymerization increases, and exhibits the same dependence on molar mass as does the viscosity: Δn ′∝M w 3.4. As the degree of polymerization increases while the shear rate remains constant, the polymer segments become more distinctly aligned in the direction of shear. Hence increasing the degree of polymerization also affects the solution structure, i.e. the interaction of the molecules with one another. The stress-optical rule only applies to a limited extent for this system. The stress-optical coefficient, C, is almost independent of the shear rate, but is strongly influenced by the concentration and attains a limiting value of 3 × 10−8 Pa−1. C was determined for a polymer in dilute solution and the curve obtained also enabled transitions in the solution structure to be recognized.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental astronomy 3 (1994), S. 277-280 
    ISSN: 1572-9508
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We describe the development of a mid-infrared camera intended for use at the Palomar 5-m telescope and at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility. The camera is based on Rockwell's HF-16 128×128 Si:As BIB array. This array is unusual in that it has a well depth of approximately 30 million electrons; this will allow the use of traditional broadband astronomical filters (N and Q) while keeping a reasonable field-of-view. Measured array performance indicates that it has a read noise of 1100 electrons and shows non-linearities of 〈1% up to 65% of full well. In this paper, we discuss the array and its operating characteristics and we give a brief overview of the camera design.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 179 (1978), S. 991-1001 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The theoretical assumptions to understand the elution mechanism of the discontinuous solution fractionation and complete elution method could be confirmed for the system poly(vinyl acetate)/butyl acetate/cyclohexane. In this case the process of complete elution, however, can only be carried out with an unfavorable high consumption of time and material. The complete elution method with all its advantages can be preserved, if the process is carried out as multistage process with a limited number of discontinuous steps. By means of such a multistage procedure improved separation results were achieved compared with the conventional single stage procedure. Furthermore some results are given which show a decrease of the separation effect of solution fractionation due to procedural limitations.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The solution viscosity of aqueous poly(acrylamide-co-sodiumacrylate)s decreases with time in the scale of weeks. This unusual viscosity loss has been investigated by viscometry and by light scattering on high purity copolymer samples with different ratios of the components.  -  No viscosity loss can be observed in NaCl solution of high enough salt concentration. From the experiments it is concluded that a conformational change causes the viscosity decrease. No chain scission occurs. Light scattering measurements were used to directly confirm this hypothesis.  -  The viscosity loss may be caused by a conformational change of single molecules involving hydrogen bonds and can be interpreted as a transition from a partly stiffer, higher viscous structure to a more flexible one. As the driving force for the conformational change the entropy is discussed. The pronounced time dependence may be interpreted by a cooperative effect of loosening and combining of hydrogen bonds.  -  A similar behaviour has been observed earlier in aqueous poly(acrylamide) solutions. Thus, for some water soluble polymers one has to be aware of a time dependent parameter.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Intrinsic viscosities [η], second and third virial coefficients A2 and A3, respectively, and mean square radius of gyration 〈RG2〉 of a polymer homologous series of narrow-molecular-weight-distribution polystyrene samples in a molecular weight range of 2000 up to 24 · 106 were determined in toluene at 25°C by light scattering and viscometry measurements. The results are (3 · 104 〈 Mw 〈 24 · 106, Mw/Mn ≤ 1,3): \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\begin{array}{l} \left[ \eta \right]{\rm /}\left( {{\rm cm}^3 .{\rm g}^{{\rm - 1}} } \right){\rm = 8,62 } \cdot {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 3}} \cdot M_{\rm w}^{0,736} \\ A_2 /\left( {{\rm mol} \cdot {\rm cm}^3 .{\rm g}^{{\rm - 2}} } \right){\rm = 5,24} \cdot {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 3}} \cdot {\rm }M_{\rm w}^{ - 0,21} \\ A_3 /\left( {{\rm mol} \cdot {\rm cm}^6 .{\rm g}^{{\rm - 3}} } \right){\rm = 9,12} \cdot {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 6}} \cdot {\rm }M_{\rm w}^{0.58} \\ \left\langle {R_{\rm G}^2 } \right\rangle _{\rm W}^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} /{\rm cm = 1,10} \cdot {\rm 10}^{{\rm - 9}} \cdot M_{\rm W}^{0.603} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document}These results were obtained by consideration of the limit of the dilute solution regime, the determination of zero-shear rate intrinsic viscosities, and the molecular weight dependence of the refractive index increment dn/dc. It was found that dn/dc increases slightly up to Mw = 1,8 · 106. A comparison of the [η]-Mw-relationship with literature data is given. In addition the unperturbed (theta) dimension parameters K0, 〈h2〉0/M, the characteristic ratio C∞, the steric factor σ, and the thermodynamic interaction parameter B were calculated from the modified Burchard-Stockmayer-Fixman procedure using polymolecularity correction and the results compared with experimental data from the literature.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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