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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wide Dynamic Range Germanium Detector for Perturbation Crystallography (1996)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 3 (1996), S. 156-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An IR detector based on a cooled germanium photodetector has been tested for applications in X-ray diffraction. The detector can be used simultaneously in photon-counting mode and current mode giving a dynamic range from 〈 1 to 109 photons s−1. Since germanium is used as the photodetector, its efficiency at energies above 25 keV is much better than the silicon equivalents. The detector proved to be highly linear both in the low-flux region (〈 105 photons s−1) where photon counting is used and in the high-flux region (〉 105 photons s−1) where the detector is run in current mode. The response time of the detector is of the order of 1 μs, making it suitable for studies in perturbation crystallography, especially when coupled to a lock-in amplifier. As an example, the shift of a reflection of LiNbO3 induced by an external electric field was determined with the germanium detector and lock-in amplifier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049596005109
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new measurement of the neutron lifetime
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 92 (1980), S. 274-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(80)90262-2
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topological phases of the heterotic string
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 278 (1992), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(92)90718-J
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Search for a neutron electric dipole moment
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 136 (1984), S. 327-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0370-2693(84)92013-6
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Systematik der Kohlenstoff-Schwefel-Eisen-Verhältnisse in Auftriebssedimenten (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 82 (1993), S. 604-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: C/S-ratios ; upwelling sediments ; sulfate ; iron ; organic carbon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Abundances of organic carbon, sulfur, and reactive iron in sediments of three upwelling environments (Peru, Oman and Benguela) suggest that organic carbon/reduced sulfur ratios (C/S-ratios) in this category of marine sediments deviate considerably from previously established empirical ratios in normal marine sediments. To clarify the discrepancies, we investigated those components of the diagenetic system that limit the formation of pyrite: sulfate concentrations and reduction rates in pore waters, availability of reactive iron, and the quantity and quality of organic matter. All three limitations are evident in our sample pools. The results suggest that C/S-ratios in recent and fossil marine sediments rich in organic matter may be unsuitable as paleoenvironmental indicators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191488
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex ratios in field populations of two parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Coccus hesperidum L. (Homoptera: Coccidae) (1998)
    Springer
    Oecologia 116 (1998), S. 510-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Host quality ; Sex ratio ; Metaphyscus stanleyi ; Autoparasitoid ; Coccophagus semicircularis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We tested several assumptions and predictions of host-quality-dependent sex allocation theory (Charnov et al. 1981) with data obtained for the parasitoid Metaphycus stanleyi Compere on its host, brown soft scale (Coccus hesperidum L.), in a California citrus grove and in the laboratory. Scales ceased growing after parasitization by M. stanleyi. Thus, M. stanleyi may gauge host quality (=size) at oviposition. Host size positively influenced adult parasitoid size, and parasitoid size in turn influenced adult longevity of M. stanleyi. However, parasitoid fitness gains with host size and adult size were similar in males versus females. Sex allocation to individual hosts by M. stanleyi depended on host size; females consistently emerged from larger hosts than males. Host size was important in a relative sense; the mean host sizes of females versus males, and of solitary versus gregarious parasitoids varied with the available host size distribution. The offspring sex ratio of M. stanleyi reflected the available host size distribution; the sex ratio of emerging parasitoids varied with the available host size distribution. We did not detect a “critical host size” below which males emerged, and above which females emerged; rather, only females emerged from hosts in the upper size range, and a variable ratio of males and females emerged from hosts in the lower size range. We conclude that the sex ratio of field populations of M. stanleyi is driven largely by the available size distribution of C. hesperidum. In addition, we tested predictions resulting from theoretical analyses of sex allocation in autoparasitoids with data obtained on Coccophagus semicircularis (Förster) parasitizing brown soft scale in the field. The sex ratio of C. semicircularis was consistently and strongly female biased (ca. 90% females). Based on available theoretical analyses, we suggest that this sex ratio pattern may have resulted from a very low encounter rate of secondary hosts coupled with a strong time limitation in C. semicircularis females. This explanation was the most plausible given constraints stemming from the detection of secondary hosts, their variable location within primary hosts, and their handling times. Finally, the size of hosts which yielded single versus multiple parasitoids, and the sizes of these parasitoids, were compared. These comparisons suggested that: (1) M. stanleyi females gauge host sizes precisely, and in terms of female offspring; thus a fitness penalty is not incurred by females which share a host, while males benefit from sharing a host, and; (2) instances where multiple C. semicircularis emerged from a single host were probably the result of parasitism by different females, or during different encounters by a single female.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050616
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verschiedene Methoden (1938)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 115 (1938), S. 372-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01753949
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the impact ofEuseius species (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on citrus mites using predator exclusion and predator release experiments (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 15 (1992), S. 233-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To create plots with differential levels ofEuseius, malathion sprays, highly toxic to phytoseiids but of low toxicity to citrus red mite,Panonychus citri (CRM), and citrus thrips,Scirtothrips citri, were applied to blocks of “Valencia” oranges for three seasons (1984, 1985 and 1986) and “Eureka” lemons for one season (1985). Releases ofEuseius spp. were made in plots within the treated blocks. In 1984, CRM populations were highest in the treated/no release plot, lowest in the untreated and intermediate in the treated/Euseius stipulatus-release plot. In 1985, CRM populations were high in all plots in the oranges (including theE. tularensis release) except theE. stipulatus-release plot, and in all plots in the lemons except the untreated.Euseius releases in the lemons had no effect, apparently because they were followed by very hot weather. In 1986, CRM was very low in all plots.Euseius stipulatus became the dominant phytoseiid species even in theE. tularensis-release plots after a few weeks, indicating that this species colonized more readily and spread to other trees more rapidly than didE. tularensis. The results support the hypothesis thatE. stipulatus is an important mortality factor contributing to CRM control at low levels.Euseius stipulatus also may have a negative impact on the citrus rust mite,Phyllocoptruta oleivora. Citrus thrips populations were low during the entire study period and did not differ significantly between plots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01246565
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas syringe sampling at very low pressure (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 579-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Flame gas analysis ; Low pressure sampling ; Gas syringes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new sampling technique is developed for flame samples taken at very low pressure (50 Torr absolute). This technique uses gas syringes. Analysis is by gas chromatography and the compounds of interest are the fixed gases and selected C1 and C2 hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Linear response factors are obtained for all compounds. This is highly unusual for gas-phase chlorinated hydrocarbon sampling, which is very prone to sample absorption. The sources of experimental error unique to gas syringe use are identified and quantified. One error source is exacerbated by the very low sample pressure and requires special treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327907
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A survey of black scale,Saissetia oleae [Hom.: Coccidae] parasitoids [Hym.: Chalcidoidea] in southern California (1992)
    Springer
    BioControl 37 (1992), S. 373-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Saissetia oleae ; Chalcidoidea ; parasitoids ; biological control ; abundance ; Saissetia oleae ; Chalcidoidea ; parasitoïde ; lutte biologique ; abondance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un examen d'ensemble des parasitoïdes de la Cochenille noireSaissetia oleae (Olivier), présents en Californie méridionale a été conduit entre septembre 1987 et septembre 1989. 1 610 spécimens ont été obtenus à partir de 308 récoltes de rameaux d'agrumes d'olivier et de laurier-rose, infestés de cochenille noire et provenant de 19 sites. Les spécimens consistaient en neuf espèces de parasitoïdes primaires et six espèces de parasitoïdes secondaires. Les quatre espèces primaires suivantes étaient abondantes en Californie méridionale:Metaphycus bartletti Annecke et Mynhardt,Metaphycus helvolus (Compere),Scutellista caerulea (Fonscolombe) (=Scutellista cyanea Motschulsky) etDiversinervus elegans Silvestri. Les parasitoïdes secondaires les plus communs étaientMarietta mexicana (Howard),Cheiloneurus noxius Compere etTetrastichus minutus (Howard). Dans la région côtière du Sud de la Californie,M. bartletti était le parasitoïde le plus abondant, suivi dans l'ordre, parD. elegans, S. carulea etM. helvolus. Dans les régions intermédiaire et intérieure,M. helvolus était le plus abondant.D. elegans était second en abondance dans la région intermédiaire, mais rare dans la région intérieure.M. bartletti était second en abondance dans la région intérieure et troisième en abondance dans la région intermédiaire.
    Notes: Abstract A survey of black scaleSaissetia oleae (Olivier) parasitoids present in southern California was conducted between September 1987 and September 1989. From 308 collections of black scale-infested citrus, olive, and oleander twigs from 19 sites in southern California, 1,610 specimens were collected. Nine primary and six secondary parasitoid species were identified. Four primary species were abundant in southern California:Metaphycus bartletti Annecke & Mynhardt,M. helvolus (Compere),Scutellista caerulea (Fonscolombe) (=S. cyanea Motschulsky), andDiversinervus elegans Silvestri. The most common secondary parasitoids wereMarietta mexicana (Howard),Cheiloneurus noxius Compere, andTetrastichus minutus (Howard). In the coastal region of southern California,M. bartletti was the most abundant parasitoid, followed in order byD. elegans, S. Caerulea, andM. helvolus. In the intermediate and interior regions,M. helvolus was most abundant.D. elegans was second most abundant in the intermediate region, but was rare in the interior region.M. bartletti was second in abundance in the interior region and third in the intermediate region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373111
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