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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physica C: Superconductivity and its applications 157 (1989), S. 260-262 
    ISSN: 0921-4534
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 0304-3991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of drought stress and/or low temperature stress on total lipid and phospholipid content and fatty acid composition of leaves of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes differing in growth response at suboptimal temperature were studied. Both drought and low temperature resulted in reduced growth, especially in cv. Farbio, the genotype least tolerant to low temperature. Drought resulted in an increase in total lipid and phospholipid per g fresh weight. On a lipid basis no change in phospholipids or fatty acid content was observed. The fatty acid composition was changed by drought and low temperature, resulting in an increase in the degree of unsaturation. The genotype-specific reaction to treatment for total lipid content and the degree of unsaturation point to the possibility of a genetic origin for drought-induced lipid changes, which may be used in a breeding program for improved growth at suboptimal temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Phospholipid (PL) and fatty acid composition of chloroplasts of pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.) and apple bark tissue (Malus sylvestris Mill. cv. Golden Delicious) was determined in a series of experiments in which growth temperature and daylength were changed. Trees were exposed to 0 and 20°C and to daylength conditions of 9 and 14 h. All 16 possible combinations were investigated by transfer of the trees from the original condition to each of the other conditions. There was no direct relation between cold hardiness and PL composition in apple bark and pine chloroplasts, when temperature and/or daylength were changed. PL composition seemed to be strongly determined by the sequence of the imposed sets of daylength and temperature. The effect of these environmental factors on PL composition strongly differed from that for cold hardiness. The correlation between the levels of PL (and phosphatidylcholine) and cold hardiness, as reported in the literature, was also evident in this experiment, when treatments, presenting the normal seasonal order, were compared. It seems that the yearly cycle of temperature and daylength is important in determining the PL composition of apple bark and pine chloroplasts.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 57 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The lipid composition of leaves has been investigated in different genotypes of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), which differ in temperature requirement for cultivation. In addition the effects of hardening by low but non-chilling temperature, soil heating and grafting (on the chilling-resistant C. ficifolia L.) on lipid composition have been studied. Content and composition of phospholipids and sterols were determined as well as phospholipid/sterol ratio, and fatty acid composition of total lipids and the different phospholipids.The effects of genetic differentiation and of the various culture treatments on lipid composition of the leaves were very different. Genetic differentiation was evident as higher levels of Iinolenic acid in several phospholipids in the more cold-tolerant cultivars. Hardening the plants by low temperature resulted in a higher phospholipid level (especially phosphatidyl choline), more unsaturated phospholipid, and lowering of the sterol/phiospholipid ratio, all properties which may contribute to a higher membrane fluidity and lower growth temperature limit. Soil healing reduced the phospholipid level of the leaves slightly, and a higher content of 3-trans-hexadece-noic acid in phosphatidyl glycerol was observed. Grafting cucumber on the cold-resistant rootstock of C. ficifolia also raised the level of trans-hexadecenoic acid in phosphatidyl glycerol. The role of this fatty acid in the functioning of the chloroplast is discussed.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 43 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Water transport through plant roots is determined by a single layer of cells, so that water passes through a plasmamembrane-cytoplasm-plasmamembrane system. The water transport shows an exponential relationship with temperature in two phases with an abrupt transition. The Arrhenius activation parameters log A and E are calculated for the two phases of water transport below and above the transition temperature. Between log A and E two linear and parallel relationships are observed, one for each phase of water transport. The difference of log A between these two relationships is a measure for a change in entropy in cell water structure at the transition temperature. The change in entropy was small (13.4 J · mol−1· K−1) in comparison to the difference in activation energy E for water transport above and below the transition temperature. The role of the plasmamembrane and cytoplasm in determining the cell water structure is discussed.
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Lipid composition of whole roots of wheat (Triticum vulgare Vill. cv. Svenno Spring Wheat) and oat (Avena sativa L. cv. Brighton) and of cell wall fractions, mitochondrial fractions and microsomal fractions of these roots were studied. Lipid composition depended upon the level of mineral nutrition. In wheat total phospholipids, phosphatidyl choline and sulfolipid content was highest in the roots grown at the higher salt concentration, while the reverse was true for oat roots. In both species glycolipid and sterol content was lower in the high salt roots, at the same time as higher proportions of them were built into the microsomal fraction. Phosphatidyl choline content of the wheat root membrane fractions increased with the salt level, while the opposite occurred in the oat roots.The phosphatidyl choline content may be correlated with the (Ca2+, Mg2+)-stimulated ATPase activity.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 40 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The time course of freezing damage in pine needles and in bark of apple trees was followed at different subzero temperatures. From these data the killing rate by freezing was determined for trees which differed in degree of cold hardiness.The activation energy of the killing reaction was also calculated. The killing rate was lowest in cold-acclimated trees, but the activation energy of the killing reaction was very high indicating a high degree of structured water in the cells. Non-acclimated trees showed uniform low values of the activation energy of the killing reaction at all subzero temperatures studied.It is suggested that intracellular supercooling could be a part of the mechanism of frost protection in cold-acclimated apple trees within the – 30 to – 20°C range, but not in the –20 to –10°C range.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Changes in lipid and fatty acid composition of pine needle chloroplasts were determined upon transfer of the trees from outside (-5°C) to 32°C.Within 7 1/2 hours after transfer, conversion of a portion of digalactosyldiglyceride into monogalactosyl diglyceride was observed. This portion consisted of a conjugate with extra long chain fatty acids (cerotic acid, 26: 0, and C26-cyclo-propane fatty acid). Only minor further changes in lipid and fatty acid composition were observed. Dehardening of the needles occurred within the same period. The data support the hypothesis that the degalactosidation reaction specifically depends on the fatty acid composition.The extra long chain fatty acids may link different sub-units of the chloroplasts and may contribute to an additional layer of H-bonded water on the membrane surface because of the increased exposure of the galactose groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Of the two Taraxacum microspecies used. Taraxacum sellandii Dahlst. usually occurs in grasslands with a high nutrient level; Taraxacum nordstedtii Dahlst. is generally restricted to undisturbed and mineral-poor habitats. Growth response curves for internal N and P were established, based on relative yield of (whole) plant tissue water and (whole plant) internal mineral concentration on a tissue water basis. Critical nutrient concentrations of N and P were determined from the response curves derived. For both macroelements, T. nordstedtii showed lower critical nutrient concentrations. The difference in critical N concentrations coincided with differences in internal NO3-3 concentrations between the microspecies. Finally, we discuss the use of tissue water as a (whole) plant growth parameter and internal mineral concentration on tissue water basis as a parameter describing the mineral status.
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