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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 290 (1981), S. 133-136 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Position of the Liverpool Bay and western and southwestern Irish Sea fronts. Position of anchor station (A6) and station positions along reference line are indicated. The general hydrographic and chemical features of Liverpool Bay have been described by Foster et al.4. A discontinuity or ...
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 154 (1944), S. 515-515 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE extent to which the outer surface of a leaf is wetted by water may depend on factors varying with species, age, and position on the plant. A series of investigations on advancing contact angles has made it clear that, in addition, the adhesion of water for leaf surfaces may vary ...
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 220 (1968), S. 810-812 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In a previous communication6 two of us reported on a method of "differential cell disruption" for the isolation of heterocysts from the filaments of Anabaena cylindrica. These isolated heterocysts were tested for nitrogen fixation using the nitrogen-15 technique, but no activity was detected. We ...
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 30 (1958), S. 17-22 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Quantitative studies have been made on the growth of the filamentous xanthophycean alga Tribonema aequale Pascher in bacteria-free culture. 2. The effects of different concentrations of nitrate, phosphate and hydrogen-ion on growth in an inorganic medium have been ascertained. 3. It has been established that the alga can grow in the dark if supplied with organic substrates such as glucose, sucrose or certain organic acids. 4. In tests with a variety of organic substances no correlation was found between ability to support chemo-organotrophic growth and utilization as an exogenous substrate for respiration. 5. The alga has been found capable of using a variety of organic nitrogen compounds as sole sources of nitrogen.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 28 (1957), S. 1-17 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 42 (1962), S. 310-321 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. The unicellular blue-green alga Chlorogloea fritschii Mitra has been isolated in pure bacteria-free culture. 2. Evidence showing that this alga is able to fix elementary nitrogen has been obtained by determinations by the micro-Kjeldahl method of increases in total combined nitrogen in culture and also by demonstration of the uptake of elementary nitrogen in a closed culture system by measurement of nitrogen/argon ratios, with a mass-spectrometer. 3. Studies have been made of the effects of temperature, light intensity, hydrogen ion concentration and sodium chloride concentration on growth and nitrogen fixation by the alga. At the optimum temperature of 35°C cell numbers doubled in approximately 3 days during the exponential phase of growth. A considerable degree of synchronization of cell division was achieved by using combinations of light and temperature treatments. 4. Evidence has been obtained of a close, connexion between nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis in C. fritschii. Oxygen was found to be produced by illuminated suspensions of the alga when elementary nitrogen was supplied as the only exogenous hydrogen-acceptor. No appreciable amount of nitrogen was fixed by the alga in the dark under circumstances in which considerable assimilation of nitrate-nitrogen took place. Fixation was found to be closely dependent on light intensity both in short-term and long-term experiments.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 30 (1958), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 6 (1980), S. 281-290 
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of hydrocarbons on the marine diatomCyclotella cryptica have been studied in laboratory experiments. Low hydrocarbon concentrations (100 μg· l−1) stimulate growth whereas higher concentrations (l mg· l−1) inhibit growth. The aromatics are most toxic among the hydrocarbons, whereas the paraffins do not seem to have any serious effect on growth or photosynthesis of the algae. Both aromatic and paraffin fractions affected the chlorophyll a, protein, and sugar contents of the cells. Toxicity levels were affected by the presence of dissolved organic material in the medium. Studies on the ultrastructure ofC. cryptica have shown that paraffins affect the thickness of the cell wall.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1435-0157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: RÉSUMÉ: La modélisation hydrologique à l'échelle régionale, dans le but d'évaluer les impacts des pratiques d'irrigation et des stratégies d'aménagement sur les ressources en cau, exige d'estimer les propriétés hydrogéologiques d'un ensemble hétérogène. C'est ainsi qu'il est montré comment les données sur la texture tirées de logs lithologiques et géophysiques de puits dans l'ouest de la vallée de San Joaquin (Californie) ont été krigées pour définir la répartition spatiale régionale de la texture des sols. Les surfaces obtenues au moyen d'un krigeage avec un indicateur 3-D sont comparées avec celles obtenues par une méthode inverse de pondération de distance. Il apparait de grandes différences entre les résultats de ces méthodes, là où les données sont rassemblées en groupes disparates. Les valeurs estimées par krigeage, qui présentent des extrêmes moindres que ceux de la méthode de pondération, sont considérées comme étant plus représentatives des valeurs moyennes dans des blocs en 3-D, parce q'elles prennent en compte les effets de la variabilité locale au travers de l'effet pépite et q'elles utilisent des données corrélées verticalement. Les conductivités hydrauliques anisotropes sont déduites des valuers estimées par krigeage de la distribution hétérogène de la texture, afin d'obtenir des estimations améliorées des propriétés hydrogéologiques régionales qui fournissent aussi une information intéressante sur l'incertitude des estimations.
    Abstract: RESUMEN: Una modelización hidrológica a escala regional, capaz de evaluar los impactos de las prácticas de irrigación y de las estrategias de gestión de los recursos hidráulicos, requiere la estimación de propriedades hidrológicas que son hetereogéneas espacialmente. Este artículo muestra como los datos de textura procedentes de sondeos litológicos y geofísicos en pozos del Valle de Western San Joaquin, California, se krigearon para obtener la distribución espacial regional de la textura des suelo. Las superficies obtenidas usando krigeado indicador tridimensional se compararon con las obtenidas mediante la técnica de ponderación inversa con la distancia. Las mayores diferencias entre los dos métodos aparecen al agruparse datos con valores dispares. Los valores esperados procedentes del krigeado, menos extremos que los obtenidos por ponderación, se consideran más representativos de los valores medios sobre bloques tridimensionales, porque permiten incluir el efecto de la variabilidad local a través del comportamiento pepitítico, y porque usan datos correlacionados verticalmente. Se pueden estimar conductividades hidrálicas anisótropas a partir de los valores esperados krigeados de la distribución textural. Ello permite obtener mejores estimaciones de las propiedades hidrológicas regionales, así como información valiosa sobre la incertidumbre de las estimaciones.
    Notes: Abstract Regional-scale hydrologic modeling is capable of assessing the impacts of irrigation practices and management strategies on water resources requires the estimation of spatially heterogeneous hydrologic properties. This paper shows how textural data from lithologic and geophysical logs of wells in the Western San Joaquin Valley, California, were kriged to obtain a regional spatial soil texture distribution. Surfaces obtained using three-dimensional indicator kriging are compared with those obtained using an inverse distance-weighting technique. Greatest differences between the methods occur where data with disparate values are clustered. Expected kriged values, which are less extreme than those from distance-weighting, are considered to be more representative of average values over three-dimensional spatial blocks, because they include the effect of local variability via the nuggest and use vertically correlated data. Anisotropic hydraulic conductivities are estimated from expected values of the kriged heterogeneous textural distribution to obtain improved estimates of regional hydrologic properties that also provide valuable information regarding uncertainty of the estimates.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 173 (1989), S. 89-94 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: primary productivity ; bottle size ; radiocarbon technique ; phytoplankton ; seasonality ; Menai Strait
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Determinations of primary productivity were made by the radiocarbon method at regular intervals over a year in samples, taken from the eutrophic waters of the Menai Strait, North Wales, and contained in bottles of capacities from 135 ml up to 2290 ml. Fixation per unit volume in particulate matter retained by 0 · 45 μm pore size membrane filters was independent of bottle size over most of the year. There was a consistent divergence, however, during the period of rapid phytoplankton growth in the spring, when small bottles gave up to three times higher values than large ones. Possible effects of bottle size on primary productivity determinations are discussed but the cause of this particular result is not apparent.
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