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  • 11
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    Deformation Behavior of Poly(ether ester) Copolymer As Revealed by Small- and Wide-Angle Scattering of X-ray Radiation from Synchrotron (1997)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-9297
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5835
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous measurements of small angle x-ray scattering, wide angle x-ray scattering, and dielectric spectroscopy during crystallization of polymers (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1733-1736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel experimental setup is described which allows one to obtain detailed information on structural and dynamical changes in polymers during crystallization. This technique includes simultaneous measurements of small angle-wide angle x-ray scattering and dielectric spectroscopy (SWD). The capabilities of the technique have been probed by following in real time the crystallization process of a model crystallizable polymer: poly(ethylene terephthalate). By performing these experiments, simultaneous information from both, the amorphous and the crystalline phase is obtained providing a complete description of changes occurring during a crystallization process. The SWD technique opens up new promising perspectives for the experimental study of the relation between structure and dynamics in materials science. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150528
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular dynamics and microstructure development during cold crystallization in poly(ether-ether-ketone) as revealed by real time dielectric and x-ray methods (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 3804-3813 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The isothermal crystallization process of poly(ether-ether-ketone) from the glass has been studied in real time by dielectric spectroscopy and x-ray scattering experiments. The combination of these two techniques revealed a complete picture of the crystallization processes from the point of view of both amorphous and crystalline phases. Analysis of results shows that the sample morphology consists of lamellar stacks, separated by rather broad amorphous regions. The lamellar stacks are highly crystalline (∼70%), as obtained from both dielectric and x-ray scattering measurements, and the amorphous phase within the stacks is constrained up to a level where no segmental relaxation is possible. The remaining amorphous phase, after completion of the primary crystallization process, still has a certain mobility, but it is significantly slower than the initial amorphous mobility. Dielectric data and x-ray results are found to be highly congruent. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1388627
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological characterization during deformation of a poly(ether ester) thermoplastic elastomer by small-angle x-ray scattering (1994)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 272 (1994), S. 1363-1372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Thermoplastic elastomers ; deformation behavior ; x-ray scattering ; long spacing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The scattering behavior of pre-drawn and annealed bristles of a highly deformable poly(ether ester) themoplastic elastomer based on poly(butylene terephthalate) as hard segments and poly(ethylene glycol) as soft segments in a ratio of 57/43 wt.-% is studied. Small-angle x-ray seattering measurements with an area detector are carried out on bristles with and without application of stress up to 195% relative deformation. Two-dimensional scattering patterns are used for morphological characterization of the sample. At small deformations one morphology peak is found, corresponding to a periodicity that changes affinely with deformation. The morphology of the smaple represents assemblies of mutually parallel crystalline lamellae, positioned perpendicular to the stretching direction both under and without stress. When macrodeformation increases a second peak appears, and a four-point pattern is observed in the relaxed state. In this intermediate deformation range coexisting morphologies contribute to the scattering. Additional contributions arise from lamellae, which are inclined to the stretching direction, as well as from lamellae, which are again perpendicular to the stretching direction, as a result of microfibril relaxation and loss of interfibrillar contacts. At large deformations the latter morphology dominates and the 2D-scattering pattern again shows a two-point character. A morphological model for this behaviour is discussed, where the break of interfibrillar contacts during deformation and the inhomogeneous stress field in the sample play an important role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00654166
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcrystallization with reorientation in drawn PET/PA12 blend as revealed by WAXS from synchrotron radiation (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 3063-3066 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Studying the isotropisation kinetics during melting of a drawn poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/polyamide 12 (PA12) blend (60/40 wt %) at Tm PA12 〈 Ta 〈 Tm PET by means of wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) from synchrotron radiation a transcrystallization behaviour of PA12 was observed. It was also found that the nonisothermal transcrystallization behaviour of PA12 taking place during cooling down of the molten PA12 is characterized by reorientation of PA12 chain axis by 90° with respect of PET chains axis and of the starting chains axis direction as concluded from the WAXS patterns. A conclusion is drawn that PET microfibrils are not only effective nuclei for transcrystallization of the matrix but they cause a drastic reorientation of the matrix chains placing them perpendicular to the initial common for both PET and PA12 orientation direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004636629616
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the synthesis and properties of some saturated and unsaturated esters of 2-cyano-2, 4-pentadienoic acid (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 2933-2941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The preparation and properties of some new saturated and unsaturated esters of 2-cyano-2,4-pentadienoic acid (CPDA) are described. A comparison is also made with the known CPDA monomers synthesized under identical conditions. It was found that the monomer yields are dependent on the structure of the corresponding CPDA esters. This fact was explained with solvatation effects, occurring during the isolation procedures. The base-catalyzed anionic bulk polymerization of CPDA esters was studied by means of spectral methods. The data indicated that during the homopolymerization 1,4-addition of monomer molecules takes place to give a steric copolymer consisting of 1,4-cis and 1,4-trans structural units. The ability of poly-CPDA esters was also followed to form crosslinks at room and higher temperatures.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070421110
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the synthesis of ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate from waste residue (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 1829-1835 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The aim of the present study is to clarify some problems concerning the synthesis of additional quantities of ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate monomer (ECA) utilizing the waste residue (WR) from the large-scale depolymerization of ECA oligomers. The composition of WR was established by GPC and IR spectroscopy. WR was found to consist mostly of diethyl dicyanoglutarate (DEDCG) and low molecular weight products of its condensation with paraformaldehyde (pFA). The DEDCG&-pFA interaction was studied as a model, and the influence of DEDCG conversion on the average degree of polymerization (xn and xw) of the oligomers formed was also followed. On this basis, it was found that oligomer formation in condensation of WR with pFA is consistent with a stepgrowth mechanism, the polymer chain length being determined by steric hindrance and destructive reactions.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070441016
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal behaviour and adhesive properties of some cyanoacrylate adhesives with increased heat resistance (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 47 (1993), S. 1019-1026 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Cured adhesive layers produced from ethyl-(ECA), allyl-(ACA), and allyloxyethyl-(AOECA) 2-cyanoacrylates were studied by means of thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Polymer films of ECA-based adhesive compositions comprising various amounts and types of 2-cyano-2,4-pentadienoic acid (CPDA) esters were also examined. The influence of the modifier type, as well as the chemical structure of the cyanoacrylates used, was followed upon the glass transition temperatures (Tg) and the rates of thermal degradation of the corresponding polymers. In the case of cured adhesive mixtures containing unsaturated CPDA esters and when poly(ACA) and poly(AOECA) were studied, a significant increase of their heat resistance was established, as compared with poly(ECA). This fact was explained with the formation of three-dimensional structure of the polymer film due to crosslinking reactions. A different course and character of these reactions were found comparing the thermal behavior of poly(ACA) and cured compositions containing unsaturated CPDA esters. A good agreement was found between data from the thermal analyses and the tensile shear and impact strength tests. It was shown that the modification of ECA with unsaturated CPDA esters is a possible way of increasing the heat resistance of the basic adhesive. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070470608
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