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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 353-358 (Sept. 2007), p. 263-265 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The crack problem for a functionally graded orthotropic coating-substrate structure underan in-plane load is studied. The orthotropic coating is assumed to contain a crack perpendicular to theinterface. Integral transform method is used to obtain singular integral equation. Stress intensityfactors (SIFs) are evaluated. The influences of orthotropic material constants and the geometryparameters on SIFs are analyzed
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 348-349 (Sept. 2007), p. 789-792 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this paper, coherent gradient sensing (CGS) and digital speckle correlation method(DSCM) are introduced to study the K-dominance of static crack tip in functionally gradientmaterials (FGMs) with a crack oriented along the direction of the elastic gradient. And thenumerical simulation is analyzed through finite element method (FEM). Firstly, the CGS andDSCM equations at the mode-I static crack tip of FGMs are developed, which can be used tocalculate the stress intensity factors of FGMs. Secondly, three kinds of FGMs specimens withdifferent variation of the modulus are prepared to observe the influences of the property variationon the K-dominance. Then three-point-bending experiments are carried out. The interference fringepictures of CGS and the speckle patterns for DSCM on the specimens are shot through the camera.Thirdly, based on the results of the experiments, the stress intensity factors of three kinds of FGMsspecimens are calculated by CGS and DSCM. Meanwhile, the stress intensity factors are obtainedby FEM. Finally, comparing the results from CGS, DSCM and FEM, the K-dominance of mode-Istatic crack tip in FGMs is discussed in detail. It is found that the K-dominance of FGMs andhomogenous material is almost same when the gradient index in FGMs is relatively small
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 183-187 (Apr. 2000), p. 487-492 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 353-358 (Sept. 2007), p. 1098-1101 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Functionally graded materials (FGMs) with continuous varying properties have absorbedgreat attention for the purpose of eliminating the mismatch of material properties which may result incracking. In this paper, three-dimensional finite element method (3D FEM) based onnonhomogeneous elements is used to study the fracture behaviors of a 3D FGM plate. Since realmaterial properties at Gaussian integration points are adopted during forming the element stiffnessmatrix, the nonhomogeneous material properties can be applied in each element. Moreover, 20-nodesingular elements are used around the crack front to deal with the singularity of stress fields at thecrack front. By this way, the stress intensity factors (SIFs) can be calculated with high efficiency andaccuracy. Therefore, compared with the general FEM using homogeneouos elements, the calculatingefficiency and accuracy can be increased. Finally, parameter analysis is conducted. It is found that thematerial nonhomogeneity constant and the crack parameter have significant influences on the SIFs
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 238 (1972), S. 167-169 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A metal refining industry in SW Lancashire was established about 1900. Copper is the chief constituent of the dust particles that have been emitted. Although steps have recently been taken to reduce emission the accumulated soil contamination is now very high, and the grassland near the refinery ...
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 363 (1993), S. 738-741 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Overexpression of niml + advances mitosis, causing the wee phenotype in which cells divide when they are half the size of wild type16. Wee phenotypes caused by overexpression of niml + and inactivation of weel+ are not additive, suggesting that Niml acts as an inhibitor of Weel. According to our ...
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 502 (Dec. 2005), p. 13-20 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the near twenty years, with the rapid increase of Chinese economy, Chinese welding technology developed very fast. In 2003, the annual output of steel in China has reached 230 megatons and above 40 percent was manufactured by welding process. The main welding engineering projects include: the Three Gorges power station, bridges over the Changjiang River, high pressure heavy-duty chemical container, pipeline project of transferring natural gas from West to East and manned spacecraft etc. Meanwhile, Chinese annual output of welding materials exceeds 1,200 kilotons, welding equipments exceed 200,000 sets and the welding automation rate reached 40 percent.The State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Production Technology in Harbin Institute of Technology is the only welding laboratory of national level in China. It is the base of applied fundamental research and high quality welding technicians training. It has completed many projects of welding technology development and some significant applied engineering tasks. Every year, about 15-20 Doctors, 40-50 Masters and 70-100 Bachelors graduate from the Laboratory. Also, it is opened to the whole world
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 575-578 (Apr. 2008), p. 1382-1388 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: 10mm-5A06 aluminum alloy was butt-welded in a single pass by the plasma-gas metalarc (plasma-MIG) welding procedure, the joints were subjected to X-ray inspection, themicrostructure and mechanical performance of weld were also studied. The results indicate thatplasma-MIG welding is superior to regular conventional MIG welding on the aspects of reducingweld porosity, increasing joint quality and improving deposition efficiency. Good weld joint withless porosity and excellent mechanical properties is obtained, which can reach as 92.62% tensilestrength and 85.12% elongation percentage as base metal. Dimples in which the precipitated phaseis the solid solution based on Al3Mg2 are observed in fracture scanning electron micrograph and thefracture mode is ductile rupture. α-Al and Al3Mg2 ,α-Al and eutectic structure are observedrespectively in fusion area and in weld zone. The wire feed rate and melting rate can come to14.5m/min and 80g/min respectively for the 1.6mm welding wire by the plasma-MIG weldingprocess on the premise that the tensile strength of the joints meet the requirements
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 26 (2000), S. 592-600 
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we present an upwind higher order finite volume numerical scheme over unstructured triangular mesh to solve the slider air bearing problem of hard disk drives. The scheme is nodal based, which uses the median dual as the control volume. The convection part of the generalized Reynolds equation is modeled by the flux difference splitting technique. Higher order accuracy in space is achieved by a linear reconstruction technique with a flux limiting technique incorporated to prevent oscillation in the high-pressure gradient regions. A linear Galerkin method is used to discretize the diffusion terms. In addition, a non-nested multi-grid iteration technique is used to increase the convergence rate. Finally, the steady state flying attitude of a slider subject to pre-applied suspension force and torques is obtained by a Quasi–Newton iteration method, and the results of this scheme are compared with two other schemes.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Transition metal chemistry 22 (1997), S. 109-112 
    ISSN: 1572-901X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ternary complexes of glycine, alanine, β-alanine, serine and ethylenediamine with copper iminodiacetate have been prepared and characterized by their i.r., u.v.-vis. and e.s.r. spectra. The data suggest that the complexes possess axial symmetry and a distorted octahedral configuration in aqueous solution. The H2O molecule on the axial copper site can be replaced by O2−. The bonding parameters, which fall between 0.84 and 0.88, indicate that the bonds between copper(II) and the ligands possess more ionic character. The ternary complex containing serine displays the highest catalytic activity in dismutation of the superoxide radical O2−. This activity may be explained on the basis of the stabilization of CuII-O2− by hydrogen bonding.
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