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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Avian flu Isolation of drug-resistant H5N1 virus (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 437 (2005), S. 1108-1108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The persistence of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in many Asian countries and their ability to cause fatal infections in humans have raised serious concerns about a global flu pandemic. Here we report the isolation of an H5N1 virus from a Vietnamese girl that is resistant to the drug oseltamivir, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/4371108a
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical Characterization of Sardine Meat Powder Produced by Dehydration with High Osmotic Pressure Resin and Defatting with High Pressure Carbon Dioxide (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 54 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oils and fishy odor were extracted from the minced sardine meat with liquid carbon dioxide after dehydration with high osmotic pressure resin. This treatment resulted in higher quality minced sardine meat usable as “Surimi.” The lipids of the minced sardine meat defatted with liquid carbon dioxide was half that of undefatted meats; residual lipids were mainly composed of polar lipids such as phospholipids. Although soluble nitrogen and ATPase activity in sardine meat were decreased by dehydration and defatting, the Kamaboko-forming ability was present, and its flavor was improved after defatting. Moreover, sardine meat defatted with liquid carbon dioxide had good stability against protein deterioration and lipid peroxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1989.tb03057.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme by cadmium in mice (1976)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 15 (1976), S. 402-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685062
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of hepatic UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity by organophosphate insecticides and by carbon disulfide in mice (1976)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 15 (1976), S. 421-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685065
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlordane residues in normal human blood (1986)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 36 (1986), S. 635-643 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01623562
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitation of chlordane residues in mothers' milk (1986)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 15 (1986), S. 327-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chlordane residues were determined in human milk samples. Quantitative analysis was conducted for six residual compounds in the milk of 29 healthy Japanese donors who had experienced no occupational exposure to chlordane. All six compounds were detected in the milk from each donor. Geometric mean levels in whole milk (ng/ mL) and milk fat (ng/g), respectively, were:trans-nonachlor 0.55, 15.7; oxychlordane 0.39, 11.5;cis-nonachlor 0.14, 4.00;cis-chlordane 0.09, 3.08;trans-chlordane 0.04, 1.20; heptachlor epoxide 0.66, 20.0. In terms of the concentration (in both the whole milk and fat), a significant positive correlation was noted between any two compounds oftrans-nonachlor,cis-nonachlor, and oxychlordane. The residue level of each of these compounds had a significant positive correlation with the lipid content of the milk. The level of chlordane residues in human milk was not very high, but the data suggest widespread chlordane contamination among the general Japanese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066398
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New ganglioside analogs that inhibit influenze virus sialidase (1990)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 7 (1990), S. 349-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: sialidase inhibitor ; Thioglycoside-analog of ganglioside ; influenza virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Synthetic thioglycoside-analogs of gangliosides such as Neu5Acα)2-S-6)Glcβ-(1-1)Ceramide (1) and the GM3 analog Neu5Acα(2-S-6)Galβ-(1–4)Glcβ(1-1)Ceramide (2), competitively inhibited GM3 hydrolysis by the sialidase of different subtypes of human and animal influenza viruses with an apparent Ki value of 2.8×10−6 and 1.5×10−5 M, respectively. The inhibitory activity of the ganglioside GM4 analog [Neu5Acα-(2-S-6)Galβ-(1-1)Ceramide (3)], in which the glucose of 1 was substituted by galactose, was lower than that of 1 (Ki =1.0×10−4 M). The thioglycoside-analogs (1, 2, 3) of the gangliosides were nonhydrolyzable substrates for influenza virus sialidase. The inhibitory activity of 1 to bacterial sialidases fromClostridium perfringens andArthrobacter ureafaciens was considerably lower than that to influenza virus sialidase, indicating that the structure of the active site in bacterial and influenza virus sialidase may be different and the analogs may be useful to determine the orientation of the substrate to the active site of sialidases, especially of influenza viruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01073378
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of neolactoglycolipids: sialosyl-, disialosyl-,O-acetyldisialosyl- and fucosyl- derivatives of neolactotetraosyl ceramide and neolactohexaosyl ceramide in the developing cerebral cortex and cerebellum (1996)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 13 (1996), S. 295-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: neolactoglycolipids in cerebral cortex ; neolactoglycolipid in cerebellum ; Purkinje cells ; Lex antigens ; neural development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The following neolacto glycolipids were identified and their developmental expression was studied in the rat cerebral cortex and cerebellum: Fucα1-3IIInLcOse4Cer,Fucα1-3VnLcOse6Cer and (Fuc)2α1-3III,3VnLcOse6Cer, as well as acidic glycolipids, NeuAcα2-3IVnLcOse4Cer [nLM1], (NeuAc)2α2-3IVnLcOse4Cer [nLD1],O-acetyl (NeuAc)2α2-3IVnLcOse4Cer [OAc-nLD1] and their higher neolactosaminyl homologues NeuAcα2-3VInLcOse6Cer [nHM1] and (NeuAc)2α2-3VInLcOse6Cer [nHD1]. These glycolipids were expressed in the cerebral cortex only during embryonic stages and disappeared postnatally. This loss was ascribed to the down regulation of the synthesis of the key precursor LcOse3Cer which is synthesized by the enzyme lactosylceramide:N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase. On the other hand in the cerebellum, these glycolipids increased with postnatal development due to increasing availability of LcOse3Cer. In the cerebellum, only nLM1 and fucosyl-neolactoglycolipids declined after postnatal day 10–15, perhaps due to regulation by other glycosyltransferases. Also, in the cerebellum, nLD1 and nHD1 were shown to be specifically associated with Purkinje cells and their dendrites in the molecular layer and with their axon terminals in the deep cerebellar nuclei, similar to other neolactoglycolipids shown previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731504
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment of a monoclonal antibody directed against Gb3Cer/CD77: a useful immunochemical reagent for a differentiation marker in Burkitt's Iymphoma and germinal centre B cells (1997)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 14 (1997), S. 379-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: mouse monoclonal antibody ; Gb3Cer/CD77 antigen ; P1 antigen ; Burkitt's lymphoma ; germinal centre B cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A new monoclonal antibody (TU-1) directed against the Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc residue of the Gb3Cer/CD77 antigen was prepared by the hybridoma technique following immunization of mice with an emulsion composed of monophosphoryl lipid A, trehalose dimycolate, and Gb3Cer isolated from porcine erythrocytes. TU-1 showed reactivity towards Gb3Cer and lyso-Gb3Cer (Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Sph), although the reactivity towards lyso-Gb3Cer was about 10-fold lower than that to Gb3Cer. But it did not react with other structurally-related glycolipids, such as LacCer (Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer), Gg3Cer, Gg4Cer, Gb4Cer (GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer), galactosylparagloboside (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer), sulfatide (HSO3-3Galβ1-1′Cer), other gangliosides (GM3, GM2, GM1a, GD1a and GT1b), or P1 antigen (Galα1-4Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer) among neutral glycolipids prepared from P1 phenotype red blood cells. Furthermore, TU-1 reacted with viable lymphoma cells, such as human Burkitt lymphoma cell line, Daudi, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cells by the immunofluorescence method, and also with germinal centre B cells in human tonsil and vessel endothelial cells in human thymus histochemically. These results indicate that TU-1 is a monoclonal antibody directed against Gb3Cer/CD77 antigen and can be utilized as a diagnostic reagent for Burkitt's lymphoma and also for detection of the blood group Pk antigen in glycolipid extracts of erythrocytes. Abbreviations: ATL, adult T-cell leukaemia; BSA, bovine serum albumin; Cer, ceramide; DPPC, L-α-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; FCS, fetal calf serum; GalCer, Galβ1-1′Cer; GlcCer, Glcβ1-1′Cer; LacCer, Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Gb3Cer, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Iyso-Gb3Cer, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc1-1′Sph; Gb4Cer, GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc1-1′Cer; galactosylparagloboside, Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Gg3Cer, GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; Gg4Cer, Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GM3, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GM2, GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-3) Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GM1a, Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-3)Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GD1a, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-3)Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GD1b, Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα2-3)Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; GT1b, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα2-3) Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MAb, monoclonal antibody; MPL, monophosphoryl lipid A; P1 antigen, Galα1-4Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer; PVP, polyvinylpyrolidone; Sph, sphingosine; sulfatide, HSO3-Galβ1-1′Cer; TDM, trehalose dimycolate; TLC, thin-layer chromatography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018578829997
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sialidase of swine influenza A viruses: variation of the recognition specificities for sialyl linkages and for the molecular species of sialic acid with the year of isolation (1995)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 12 (1995), S. 156-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: Influenza virus ; sialidase specificity ; gangliosides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The sialidase of swine influenza A viruses of N1 and N2 subtypes, isolated from 1930 to 1992, was studied for substrate specificity with ganglio-series, lacto-series type II and GM3 gangliosides containing Neu5Acα2-3Gal, Neu5Gcα2-3Gal and Neu5Acα2-6Gal linkages. All viral sialidases tested showed that the activity for hydrolysing substrates with Neu5Acα2-3Gal was higher than the activities with Neu5Gcα2-3Gal and Neu5Acα2-6Gal linkages. When GM1b, GM3 and sialylparagloboside were used as substrates, the earliest strain (A/Wisconsin/15/30 H1N1, isolated in 1930) showed the activity ratio of Neu5Acα2-6Gal to Neu5Acα2-3Gal to be 0.13:0.2, and the ratio Neu5Gcα2-3Gal/Neu5Acα2-3Gal to be 0.19:0.37, while those strains isolated from 1978 to 1992 exhibited ratios of 0.29:0.58 for Neu5Acα2-6Gal/Neu5Acα2-3Gal and 0.51:0.76 for Neu5Gcα2-3Gal/Neu5Acα2-3Gal. The above results indicate that the substrate specificities of sialidases from swine influenza A viruses towards sialyl linkages and the molecular species of sialic acid are related to the year of isolation, i.e. strains isolated after 1978 exhibited higher activity towards Neu5Acα2-6Gal and Neu5Gcα2-3Gal linkages when compared with strains isolated in an earlier year, 1930.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731360
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