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  • Other Sources  (8)
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  • 1
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    Spectral characteristics of Shuttle glow (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The glowing cloud near the ram surfaces of the Space Shuttle was observed with a hand-held, intensified spectrograph operated by the astronauts from the aft-flight-deck of the Space Shuttle. The spectral measurements were made between 400 and 800 nm with a resolution of 3 nm. Analysis of the spectral response of the instrument and the transmission of the Shuttle window was performed on orbit using earth-airglow OH Meinel bands. This analysis resulted in a correction of the Shuttle glow intensity in the spectral region between 700 and 800 nm. The data presented in this report is in better agreement with laboratory measurements of the NO2 continuum.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 19; 12, J
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  • 2
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    Spectrographic observation at wavelengths near 630 nm of the interaction between the atmosphere and the Space Shuttle exhaust (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The interaction between the Space Shuttle exhaust and the ambient atmosphere was studied using spectra in the wavelength region near 630 nm, obtained from the Air Force Maui Optical Station were the temporal, spatial, and spectral distribution of the emission in this region was recorded. The results show that, when the Space Shuttle exhaust gases interact with the atmosphere in the ram direction, an intense long-lasting emission is generated at 630 nm due to O(1D - 3P). A substantial amount of O(1D) is swept back onto the orbiter. Two processes responsible for the formation of O(1D) are proposed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 97; A12; p. 19,501-19,508.
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  • 3
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    O(1)S 557.7nm and O(1)D 630 nm emissions in shuttle thruster plumes (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Radiation resulting from interaction between the effluent cloud of a space shuttle thruster and the ambient atmosphere was observed with a spectograph aboard the shutttle. The spectral measurements were made between 400 and 800 nm with a resolutoion of 3 nm. The primary emissions are identified as NO2, HNO, O(1)D, and O(1)S. These are the first observations od O(1)S emission in the shuttle plume. These data are compared with the previous measurements, and possible excitation mechanisms are discussed. The results are also compared with a Monte Carlo simulation of thruster plume-atmosphere interaction radiation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 100; A4; p. 5819-5825
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  • 4
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    Visible light emission excited by interaction of Space Shuttle exhaust with the atmosphere (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Ground-based video photography of firings of Space Shuttle Primary Reaction Control System (PRCS) engines show optical emissions extending nearly 4 km form the vehicle after steady state is reached. The total intensity and spatial distribution of these emissions depend on the angle between the spacecraft velocity vector and the engine exhaust axis. Candidate sources for this radiation are reviewed and the conclusion is reached that it is most likely due to vibrationally excited OH, formed by the reaction of fast ambient O atoms and H2O molecules in the exhaust.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 17; 2205-220
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  • 5
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    Photometric analysis of a space shuttle water venting (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Presented here is a preliminary interpretation of a recent experiment conducted on Space Shuttle Discovery (Mission STS 29) in which a stream of liquid supply water was vented into space at twilight. The data consist of video images of the sunlight-scattering water/ice particle cloud that formed, taken by visible light-sensitive intensified cameras both onboard the spacecraft and at the AMOS ground station near the trajectory's nadir. This experiment was undertaken to study the phenomenology of water columns injected into the low-Earth orbital environment, and to provide information about the lifetime of ice particles that may recontact Space Shuttle orbits later. The findings about the composition of the cloud have relevance to ionospheric plasma depletion experiments and to the dynamics of the interaction of orbiting spacecraft with the environment.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: NASA, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Fourth Annual Workshop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR 90); p 676-680
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Origin of the Shuttle glow (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: On a recent Shuttle mission four gases, NO, CO2, Xe, and Ne were released for a plasma experiment. Unintentionally, enough gas was scattered onto the surfaces of the Shuttle tail that when NO was released a much more intense version of Shuttle glow was observed. The other gases did not affect the normal Shuttle glow. Under normal conditions the adsorbed NO that causes the glow probably come either from the ambient atmosphere or from reactions in exhaust gases from the Shuttle thrusters.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 354; 48-50
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  • 7
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    Medium resolution spectra of the shuttle glow in the visible region of the spectrum (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Recent spectral measurements of the visible shuttle glow (lambda = 400 - 800 nm) at medium resolution (1 nm) reveal the same featureless continuum with a maximum near 680 nm that was reported previously. This is also in good agreement with recent laboratory experiments that attribute the glow to the emissions of NO2 formed by the recombination of O + NO. The data that are presented were taken from the aft flight deck with a hand-held spectrograph and from the shuttle bay with a low-light-level television camera. Shuttle glow images and spectra are presented and compared with laboratory data and theory.
    Keywords: SPACE TRANSPORTATION
    Type: 5th Annual Workshop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR 1991), Volume 2; p 78
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  • 8
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    Release of liquid water from the Space Shuttle (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Groundbased and onboard video images of a sunlit Shuttle Orbiter water dump are interpreted as showing that the continuous 1-mm-diameter liquid stream quickly breaks up in near-vacuum to form ice/snow particles of two characteristic sizes. Discrete large droplets are most evident in the close-in photographs, and unresolved submicron 'fog' from recondensation of overexpanded evaporated water appears to dominate the ground-telescope photographs of the 2.5 km long optically detectable trail. The mean diameter of the smaller particles was estimated from the spatial distribution of visible radiance using a model of their energy balance, (small) surface roughening as they sublime, and Mie scattering of pre-dawn sunlight. The results are consistent with those from recent space-tank simulations.
    Keywords: SPACE TRANSPORTATION
    Type: AD-A222581 , Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 17; 139-142
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