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  • Other Sources  (6)
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  • 1
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    Tectonic stress - Models and magnitudes (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is shown that global data on directions of principal stresses in plate interiors can serve as a test of possible plate tectonic force models. Such tests performed to date favor force models in which ridge pushing forces play a significant role. For such models the general magnitude of regional deviatoric stresses is comparable to the 200-300 bar compressive stress exerted by spreading ridges. An alternative approach to estimating magnitudes of regional deviatoric stresses from stress orientations is to seek regions of local stress either demonstrably smaller than or larger than the regional stresses. The regional stresses in oceanic intraplate regions are larger than the 100-bar compression exerted by the Ninetyeast Ridge and less than the bending stresses (not less than 1 kbar) beneath Hawaii.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 2
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    Evolution of oceanic lithosphere - A driving force study of the Nazca plate (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The role of the evolution of oceanic lithosphere in driving oceanic plates is tested with elastic and viscous finite element modelling of the Nazca plate. The results indicate that ridge-push forces, when distributed over that portion of the oceanic lithosphere giving rise to the force, predict a stress state that varies more spatially than does previous modelling with ridge forces concentrated at the ridge crest. In particular, the component of stress normal to the ridge vanishes near the ridge for the new modelling. Stress states have also been calculated for a variety of slab-pull models, which include possible dependence on age, rate, and angle of subduction. The predicted stresses vary substantially near the trench among the models with less variation farther from the trench.
    Keywords: GEOSCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 10043-10
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  • 3
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    Finite element modeling of stress in the Nazca plate - Driving forces and plate boundary earthquakes (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The state of stress within the Nazca plate due to plate driving forces and large plate boundary earthquakes has been analyzed by applying a finite element method using the wave front solution technique to models of the intraplate stress field in a single plate using a refined grid. Although only static elastic models have been explicitly calculated, certain limiting cases of an elastic plate over a viscous asthenosphere were also treated. A state of nearly east-west compression inferred from the source mechanism of thrust earthquakes in the interior of the plate requires ridge pushing forces. The net pulling force on the oceanic plate by the subducted slab has a maximum value comparable to pushing forces. The estimated horizontal deviatoric stress in intraplate regions, based on potential forces associated with the ridge, is on the order of a few hundred bars. The intraplate stress field in the region of the 1960 earthquake may change by a few tens of bars at most once the asthenosphere has relaxed, with changes on the order of one bar occurring at greater distances into the plate. The changes in the intraplate stress field are probably not noticeable unless the lithosphere is near failure.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Tectonophysics; 50; 1978
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  • 4
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    Tectonic stress in the plates (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: In the present paper, the basic set of global intraplate stress orientation data is plotted and tabulated. Although the global intraplate stress field is complicated, several large-scale patterns can be seen. Much of stable North America is characterized by an E-W to NE-SW trend for the maximum compressive stress. South American lithosphere beneath the Andes, and perhaps farther east in the stable interior, has horizontal compressive stresses trending E-W to NW-SE. Western Europe north of the Alps is characterized by a NW-SE trending maximum horizontal compression, while Asia has the maximum horizontal compressive stress trending more nearly N-S, especially near the Himalayan front.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics; 17; Aug. 197
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  • 5
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    Inversion for the driving forces of plate tectonics (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Inverse modeling techniques have been applied to the problem of determining the roles of various forces that may drive and resist plate tectonic motions. Separate linear inverse problems have been solved to find the best fitting pole of rotation for finite element grid point velocities and to find the best combination of force models to fit the observed relative plate velocities for the earth's twelve major plates using the generalized inverse operator. Variance-covariance data on plate motion have also been included. Results emphasize the relative importance of ridge push forces in the driving mechanism. Convergent margin forces are smaller by at least a factor of two, and perhaps by as much as a factor of twenty. Slab pull, apparently, is poorly transmitted to the surface plate as a driving force. Drag forces at the base of the plate are smaller than ridge push forces, although the sign of the force remains in question.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: 1983 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS ''83); Aug 31, 1983 - Sep 02, 1983; San Francisco, CA
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  • 6
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    Tectonic stress: Models and magnitudes (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E79-10296 , NASA-CR-162327 , USGS Conf. on the Magnitude of Deviatoric Stresses in the Earth''s Crust and Upper Mantle; Jul 29, 1979 - Aug 02, 1979; Carmel, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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