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  • Other Sources  (7)
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  • 1
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    Mare basalt petrogenesis in a dynamic moon (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An hypothesis for mare basalt petrogenesis is presented. In the proposed model, both high- and low-Ti mare basalts are produced by partial melting and hybridization at depth accompanied by equilibrium between the hybrid liquids and the local olivine-pyroxenite residuum. The energy source for mare basalt formation is ultimately provided by radiogenic heating in the primordial lunar interior. The proposed dynamic model explains similarities in the Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratios and Cr2O3 contents of high-Ti and low-Ti basalts and avoids thermal problems inherent in previous models.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 30; 2, Ma; May 1976
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  • 2
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    Mare basalt petrogenesis - A review of experimental studies (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Experimental results relevant to the fundamental question of the origin of mare basalts are examined with particular reference to guidelines for an appropriate evaluation of experiments. The petrogenesis of mare basalts remains a controversial subject as no petrogenetic scenario has yet been able to satisfy all the geochemical and geophysical constraints. Several generalizations hold true if one accepts that high-pressure equilibria provide some useful but limited information on mare source regions in the lunar interior. Petrogenesis of lowand high-Ti suites is identified. If assimilative processes are involved in the petrogenesis of the high-Ti suite, the high-pressure experiments on the resultant hybrid liquids have little bearing on their origins.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics; 14; Aug. 197
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  • 3
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    The effects of Al/3+/, Cr/3+/, and Ti/3+/ on the stability of armalcolite (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Experimental studies on the binary system FeTi2O5-MgTi2O5 yield unrealistically high values for the lower thermal stabilities of lunar armalcolites, since these typically contain 10-15 mole% (Al, Cr, Ti/3+/)2TiO5 components. Pure binary Fe0.5Mg0.5Ti2O5 begins to break down at 1010 + or - 20 C whereas Fe0.5Mg0.5Ti2O5)0.85(Ti2/3+/TiO5)0.15 persists to approximately 900 C and (Fe0.5Mg0.5Ti2O5)0.84(Al2TiO5)0.04(Cr2TiO5)0.03(Ti2/3+/TiO5)0.09 (a model Apollo 17 armalcolite) remains stable down at least to 850 C. The lower thermal stability of the model Apollo 17 armalcolite is raised by approximately 35 C per kilobar of load pressure. The breakdown curve intersects the solidus of likely source materials for high-Ti lunar basalts at 9-10 kbar; thus, the maximum depth at which this armalcolite is stable is 180-200 km. Subsolidus isochemical reaction of Ti/3+/ and Fe/2+/ components in armalcolite can yield rutile and metallic Fe. This assemblage could be misidentified as due to an externally imposed reduction.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 17, 1975 - Mar 21, 1975; Houston, TX
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  • 4
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    Mare basalts - Melting experiments and petrogenetic interpretations (1975)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Equilibrium crystallization sequences are determined in melting experiments in vacuum at Fe saturation on synthetic mare basalt compositions 70215 and 15318 Red Glass (both high-Ti) as well as 15555-15016 (low-Ti). The experiments confirm that much of the chemical variation within both the high- and low-Ti suites is controlled by near-surface fractionation processes, although the two suites cannot be related by such mechanisms. The components and crystallization products of the liquidus at various temperatures and pressures are reported. Mare basalt petrogenesis is interpreted in terms of high-pressure equilibria at Fe saturation; it is suggested that low-Ti basalts represent partial melts of a differentiated olivine-pyroxenite lunar mantle at 240 km or deeper, while cumulus clinopyroxene in the source is responsible for their REE characteristics. The formation of high-Ti basalts is considered.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 17, 1975 - Mar 21, 1975; Houston, TX
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  • 5
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    The stability of armalcolite - Experimental studies in the system MgO-Fe-Ti-O (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The stability of armalcolite at low pressures is considered, taking into account experiments which confirm the low-temperature breakdown of the mineral. Effects of Al2O3, Cr2O3, and Ti2O3 components on armalcolite stability are discussed with the stability of armalcolite at high pressure. Attention is also given to several reactions involving Fe-Mg-Ti oxides in Apollo 11 and 17 basalts.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 18, 1974 - Mar 22, 1974; Houston, TX
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  • 6
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    Experimental investigation of reaction coronas on olivine in Apollo 14 high-grade breccias (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Reaction coronas of pyroxene plus or minus ilmenite occur around clasts of olivine in Apollo 14 high-grade metamorphic breccias. In experiments of several months duration, there was no evidence of corona formation at 1000 C, but at 1050, with oxygen fugacity at or above Ilm-Ru-Fe and below Fe-Fe(1-x)O, incipient coronas formed around Fo(50-70), Fo(68), En(69) + Fe. Reduction of olivine under these conditions is inconsistent with the calculated stability relations and is attributed to uncertainties in the activity coefficient for olivine or pyroxene. The experiments also suggest that vesicularity in the Apollo 14 high-grade breccias may correlate with the amount of glassy material in their unmetamorphosed precursors. The metamorphic event is attributed to burial in a hot ejecta blanket, such as that of the Imbrium event.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 28; 1; Nov. 197
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  • 7
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    Mare basalt petrogenesis (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Melting experiments in vacuum at Fe-saturation for high-Ti lunar basalt compositions 70215 and 15318 Red Glass, and low-Ti basalt composition 15555-15016, have defined equilibrium crystallization sequences and the liquid lines of descent, and show that much of the chemical variety in the samples is due to near-surface fractionation processes. The various groups within the high-Ti suite, however, cannot be interrelated by such processes, nor can the high-Ti suite be a near-surface derivative of a low-Ti parent magma.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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