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  • 1
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    Constraints on the development of the early continental crust from isotopic data (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Aspects of the origin and development of the early (AE) continential crust are addressed by radiogenic isotope and trace element studies. The most important ones are: (1) at what time did the earliest continental crust form; (2) what was its composition; (3) by what processes did it grow and by what processes was it destroyed; (4) what were the rates of production and destruction as a function of time during this time period? Nd is isotopic data on the oldest terrestrial rocks indicate that the mantle at this time had already suffered substantial depletion in incompatible elements due to earlier continent forming events. Isotopic data on young volcanic rocks derived from the depleted mantle show no evidence of this early history. The observed isotopic patterns of Nd, Sr, Hf and Pb through time together with the presently observed age spectrum of crustal rocks are considered. These patterns can be modelled by a transport model in which the continental growth and destruction rates are allowed to vary as a function of time. It is suggest that the mass of the continents at 3.8 AE ago was about 25% of the current continental mass. However, due to the very high recycling rates obtained in the early Archean only a few percent of this crust has been preserved up to the present.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst. Workshop on the Early Earth: The Interval from Accretion to the Older Archean; p 39
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Density-altitude data from 150 rocket flights and 26 searchlight probings, 1947 through 1964 (1966)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Density and altitude data from rocket flights and searchlight probings
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-74329 , GCA-TR-66-4-N
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Comparing Measured and Modeled Ti Isotope Fractionation in CAI SJ101 and Implications for the Origin of CAI's (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration; Astrophysics
    Type: JSC-CN-32807 , Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 2015 - Mar 20, 2015; The Woodlands, TX; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Regolith compositions from the Apollo 17 mission (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An investigation of the chemical, mineralogical, and petrographic data from six Apollo 17 regolith samples is summarized. The samples from the center of the Taurus-Littrow valley are very similar in composition and consist of mare basalt and a minor admixture (about 25%) of plagioclase-rich material. The material from Station 9 (Van Serg Crater) contains much less basalt and more breccia and are higher in Al2O3 and lower in TiO2 and FeO than the other mare sites. The chemical compositions of the samples from the North Massif, the South Massif, and the light mantle believed to be of landslide origin, are very similar and correspond to an olivine norite; the relatively high K2O and P2O5 content indicate the presence of a KREEP component. Additional results are described in detail.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 18, 1974 - Mar 22, 1974; Houston, TX
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Cortical neuronal cytoskeletal changes associated with FIV infection (1997)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: HIV-1 infection is often complicated by central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Degenerative neuronal changes as well as neuronal loss have been documented in individuals with AIDS. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection of cats provides a model for both the immune and the central nervous system manifestations of HIV infection of humans. In this study we have examined neurons in the frontal cortex of feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats and controls for immunoreactivity with SMI 32, an antibody recognizing a non-phosphorylated epitope on neurofilaments. We noted a significant increase in the number of immunoreactive pyramidal cells in infected animals compared to controls. The changes seen in the neuronal cytoskeleton as a consequence of the inoculation with FIV were similar to those seen in humans undergoing the normal aging process as well as those suffering from neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's and dementia pugilistica. The changes we noted in the feline brain were also similar to that reported in animals with traumatic injuries or with spontaneously occurring or induced motor neuron diseases, suggesting that the increase in reactivity represents a deleterious effect of FIV on the central nervous system.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Journal of neurovirology (ISSN 1355-0284); 3; 4; 283-9
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Simulation of Non-Linear Transonic Aeroelastic Behavior on the B-2 (1999)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: At high subsonic flight speeds, large flexible aircraft begin to encounter unsteady airloads which are not predicted by most currently available aerodynamic analysis and design methods. With increasing speed and the development of transonic flow and shocks, viscous effects quickly become very important, and flow separation can occur. The Northrop Grumman USAF B-2 Bomber encountered a nonlinear aeroelastic Residual Pitch Oscillation (RPO) under these conditions. Simulation studies were performed with the Computational Aeroelasticity Program-Transonic Small Disturbance, Viscous (CAPTSDv) computer program to evaluate its ability to predict these nonlinear aeroelastic responses. Open and closed loop simulations were performed to assess the participation of the flight control system. Control, system actuator hysteresis characteristics were modeled and found to be a significant participant in the RPO phenomenon. Simulations were also performed for varying Mach numbers and altitudes to establish the stability boundaries and compare with flight test data. These CAPTSDv simulations compared well with flight data and revealed many potential further modeling enhancements.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: CEAS/AIAA/ICASE/NASA Langley International Forum on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics 1999; Pt. 2; 511-522; NASA/CP-1999-209136/PT2
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Venus Evolution Through Time: Key Science Questions, Selected Mission Concepts and Future Investigations (2023)
    In:  Space Science Reviews
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-17
    Description: In this work we discuss various selected mission concepts addressing Venus evolution through time. More specifically, we address investigations and payload instrument concepts supporting scientific goals and open questions presented in the companion articles of this volume. Also included are their related investigations (observations & modeling) and discussion of which measurements and future data products are needed to better constrain Venus’ atmosphere, climate, surface, interior and habitability evolution through time. A new fleet of Venus missions has been selected, and new mission concepts will continue to be considered for future selections. Missions under development include radar-equipped ESA-led EnVision M5 orbiter mission (European Space Agency 2021), NASA-JPL’s VERITAS orbiter mission (Smrekar et al. 2022a), NASA-GSFC’s DAVINCI entry probe/flyby mission (Garvin et al. 2022a). The data acquired with the VERITAS, DAVINCI, and EnVision from the end of this decade will fundamentally improve our understanding of the planet’s long term history, current activity and evolutionary path. We further describe future mission concepts and measurements beyond the current framework of selected missions, as well as the synergies between these mission concepts, ground-based and space-based observatories and facilities, laboratory measurements, and future algorithmic or modeling activities that pave the way for the development of a Venus program that extends into the 2040s (Wilson et al. 2022).
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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