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  • Other Sources  (10)
  • 1
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    Spectroscopic evidence for interstellar ices in comet Hyakutake (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Volatile compounds in comets are the most pristine materials surviving from the time of formation of the Solar System, and thus potentially provide information about conditions that prevailed in the primitive solar nebula. Moreover, comets may have supplied a substantial fraction of the volatiles on the terrestrial planets, perhaps including organic compounds that played a role in the origin of life on Earth. Here we report the detection of hydrogen isocyanide (HNC) in comet Hyakutake. The abundance of HNC relative to hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is very similar to that observed in quiescent interstellar molecular clouds, and quite different from the equilibrium ratio expected in the outermost solar nebula, where comets are thought to form. Such a departure from equilibrium has long been considered a hallmark of gas-phase chemical processing in the interstellar medium, suggesting that interstellar gases have been incorporated into the comet's nucleus, perhaps as ices frozen onto interstellar grains. If this interpretation is correct, our results should provide constraints on the temperature of the solar nebula, and the subsequent chemical processes that occurred in the region where comets formed.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); Volume 383; 6599; 418-20
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  • 2
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    A search for microwave emission from CH in Comet Kohoutek /1973f/ (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A search was conducted for the three 9-cm transitions of the ground state Lambda-doublet of CH in comet Kohoutek, using the CSIRO 64-m radio telescope and the Onsala Space Observatory's 25.6-m telescope. No lines were detected during the observing periods, and upper limits are given for the corresponding antenna temperatures.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Icarus; 23; Dec. 197
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  • 3
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    A search for interstellar glycine (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A search has been made for the simplest amino acid - glycine - in Sgr B2, Ori A, and seven other molecular clouds. Six different lines were sought ranging from 83.4 GHz down to 22.7 GHz, and radio telescopes at Parkes, New South Wales, Kitt Peak, Arizona, and Onsala, Sweden, were used. On the assumption of reasonable values for excitation temperature and Boltzmann distributions over rotational energy states, upper limits of column densities for glycine of a few times 10 to the 12th per sq cm to a few times 10 to the 14th per sq cm were typically established in the sources surveyed. Glycine appears to be less abundant than ethanol or ethyl cyanide in molecular clouds such as Sgr B2 and Ori A.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Royal Astronomical Society; vol. 186
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  • 4
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    Detection of interstellar DNC - Difficulties of chemical equilibrium hypothesis for enrichment (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The J = 1-0 transition of DNC at 76.3058 GHz has been observed in emission in NGC 2264. Comparison with previous observations of HN(C-13) indicates that deuterium is enriched in DNC similarly to the enrichment reported for DCO(+) in this source. The DNC/HNC ratio is estimated to be about 1/24. The results cannot readily be interpreted in terms of chemical equilibria relating to the formation of DNC. It is suggested that the explanation must be sought in isotope effects on rates of formation of interstellar molecules.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Royal Astronomical Society; vol. 180
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  • 5
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    Observation of J = 1-0 emission from H/N-15/C (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Emission from the J = 1-0 transition of H(N-15)C has been detected in the direction of DR21(OH). The transition frequency of 88,865.69 MHz was measured in the laboratory by microwave absorption spectroscopy. The computed N-15/C-13 isotopic abundance ratio of 1.01 for DR21(OH) is larger than those calculated from isotopes of HCN in other interstellar clouds, perhaps implying a localized enrichment in N-15 in DR21(OH).
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Royal Astronomical Society; vol. 180
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  • 6
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    A new interstellar molecule - Tricarbon monoxide (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The C3O molecule, whose pure rotational spectrum has only recently been studied in the laboratory, has been detected in the cold, dark interstellar Taurus Molecular Cloud 1. Since C3O is the first interstelar carbon chain molecule to contain oxygen, its existence places an important new constraint on chemical schemes for cold interstellar clouds. The abundance of C3O can be understood in terms of purely gas-phase ion-molecule chemistry.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 310; 125
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  • 7
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    A new interstellar polyatomic molecule - Detection of propynal in the cold cloud TMC-1 (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The detection of the acetylene derivative propynal in the cold cloud TMC-1, with an abundance that is very close to that for the related species tricarbon monoxide, is reported. Propadienone, an isomer of propynal, was not detected and is hence less abundant than either C3O or HC2CHO.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 335; L89-L93
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  • 8
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    Recent observations of interstellar molecules - Detection of CCO and a limit on H2C3O (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: In order to test gas-phase reaction schemes for the production of small oxides of carbon in cold, dense interstellar clouds, we have searched for the radical CCO and for propadienone (H2C3O) in Taurus Molecular Cloud 1, a nearby cloud which exhibits a rich organic chemistry. The radical CCO has been detected with a fractional abundance some two orders of magnitude less than that of CCS, about one order of magnitude less than that of H2CCO, and slightly less than that of C3O. An upper limit has been obtained on the abundance of propadienone which is slightly less than that of its isomer propynal (HC2CHO).
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere (ISSN 0169-6149); 21; 6-May; p. 399-405.
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  • 9
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    New interstellar masers in nonmetastable ammonia (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The first astronomical detections of several ammonia inversion transitions involving nonmetastable levels with energies as high as 1090 K above the ground state are reported. The (J, K) = (9, 6) inversion transition shows maser-like emission in the directions of W51, NGC 7538, W49, and DR 21(OH). The NH3 (6, 3) line exhibits similar characteristics in W51 but is seen in absorption in NGC 7538. These are the first definite detections of ammonia masers in space. The intensities and narrow line widths (0.5-1.5 km/s) for the emission features are in contrast to the previously detected broad, weak, nonmetastable lines attributed to thermal emission in these sources. Temporal variability appears to be evident in the (9, 6) emission in W49 over a 4 month period. The highly excited (J, K) = (9, 6) and (6, 3) ammonia lines are found in regions containig compact H II regions and strongly infrared sources with associated H2O and OH masers; i.e., in regions of active star formation.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters to the Editor (ISSN 0004-637X); 300; L79-L84
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  • 10
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    Spectroscopic Evidence for Interstellar Ice in Comet Hyakutake (1996)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Volatile compounds in comets are the most pristine materials surviving from the time of formation of the Solar System, and thus potentially provide information about conditions that prevailed in the primitive solar material. Moreover, comets may have supplied a substantial fraction of the volatiles on the terrestrial planets, perhaps including organic compounds that played a role in the origin of life on Earth. Here we report the detection of hydrogen isocyanide (HNC) in comet Hyakutake. The abundance of HNC relative to hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is very similar to that observed in quiescent interstellar molecular clouds, and quite different from the equilibrium ratio expected in the outermost solar nebula, where comets are thought to form. Such a departure from equilibrium has long been considered a hallmark of gas-phase chemical processing in the interstellar medium, suggesting that interstellar gases have been incorporated into the comet's nucleus, perhaps as ices frozen onto interstellar grains. If this interpretation is correct, our results should provide constraints on the temperature of the solar nebula, and the subsequent chemical processes that occurred in the region where comets formed.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: NASA-TM-110471 , NAS 1.15:110471 , Nature
    Format: application/pdf
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