ALBERT

Description: The South America southern coast exhibits many outcrops with abundant shell beds, from the Pleistocene through the Recent. How much biological information is preserved within these shell beds? Or, what is the actual probability a living community has to leave a fossil record corresponding to these shell deposits? Although ecological and biogeographical aspects might had been pointed, considering these temporal scales, up to the moment there is no taphonomically-oriented studies available. Quantitative comparisons between living (LAs), death (DAs) and fossil assemblages (FAs) are important not only in strictly taphonomic studies, but have grown a leading tool for conservation paleobiology analysis. Comparing LAs, DAs and FAs from estuaries and lagoons in the Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain makes possible to quantitatively understand the nature and quantity of biological information preserved in fossil associations in Holocene lagoon facies. As already noted by several authors, spatial scale parts the analysis, but we detected that the FAs refl ects live ones, rather than dead ones, as previously not realized. The results herein obtained illustrates that species present in DA are not as good preserved in recent (Holocene) fossil record as originally thought. Strictly lagoon species are most prone to leave fossil record. The authors consider that the fi delity pattern here observed for estuarine mollusks to be driven by (i) high temporal and spatial variability in the LAs, (ii) spatial mixing in the DA and (iii) differential preservation of shells, due to long residence times in the taphonomically active zone.

Description: The microwave radiometer HATPRO has seven K band (22.235-31.4 GHz) channels that are sensitive to the path integrated amount of cloud liquid water (clwvi) and the path integrated amount of water vapor (precipitable water, prw). These files contain clwvi as a function of measurement time, elevation and azimuth angle observing direction. clwvi is based on multi-variate regression retrievals (see also Crewell and Löhnert, 2003; doi:10.1029/2002RS002654). Provided uncertainties describe the expected standard error of clwvi. Note, that clwvi values are given for all available times so that it is up to the user to decide whether or not to use the values if quality flags are set. Additionally included are temperature, pressure and humidity at the instrument location as well quality flags characterizing the instrument and retrieval performance.

Description: The microwave radiometer HATPRO has seven K band (22.235-31.4 GHz) channels that are sensitive to the path integrated amount of cloud liquid water (clwvi) and the path integrated amount of water vapor (precipitable water, prw). These files contain prw as a function of measurement time, elevation and azimuth angle observing direction. prw is based on multi-variate regression retrievals (see also Crewell and Löhnert, 2003; doi:10.1029/2002RS002654). Provided uncertainties describe the expected standard error of prw. Note, that prw values are given for all available times so that it is up to the user to decide whether or not to use the values if quality flags are set. Additionally included are temperature, pressure and humidity at the instrument location as well quality flags characterizing the instrument and retrieval performance.