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  • Articles  (1,187)
  • Data  (2)
  • Other Sources  (18)
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  • 1
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    Effects of ocean acidification caused by rising CO2 on the early development of three mollusks (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Guo, X; Huang, M; Pu, F; You, W; Ke, C (2015): Effects of ocean acidification caused by rising CO2 on the early development of three mollusks. Aquatic Biology, 23(2), 147-157, https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00615
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Increasing atmospheric CO2 can decrease seawater pH and carbonate ions, which may adversely affect the larval survival of calcareous animals. In this study, we simulated future atmospheric CO2 concentrations (800, 1500, 2000 and 3000 ppm) and examined the effects of ocean acidification on the early development of 3 mollusks (the abalones Haliotis diversicolor and H. discus hannai and the oyster Crassostrea angulata). We showed that fertilization rate, hatching rate, larval shell length, trochophore development, veliger survival and metamorphosis all decreased significantly at different pCO2 levels (except oyster hatching). H. discus hannai were more tolerant of high CO2 compared to H. diversicolor. At 2000 ppm CO2, 79.2% of H. discus hannai veliger larvae developed normally, but only 13.3% of H. diversicolor veliger larvae. Tolerance of C. angulata to ocean acidification was greater than the 2 abalone species; 50.5% of its D-larvae developed normally at 3000 ppm CO2. This apparent resistance of C. angulata to ocean acidification may be attributed to their adaptability to estuarine environments. Mechanisms underlying the resistance to ocean acidification of both abalones requires further investigation. Our results suggest that ocean acidification may decrease the yield of these 3 economically important shellfish if increasing CO2 is a future trend.
    Keywords: Abnormality; Abnormality, standard deviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Crassostrea angulata; Development; Fertilization success rate; Fertilization success rate, standard deviation; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Haliotis discus hannai; Haliotis diversicolor; Hatching rate; Hatching rate, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Metamorphosis rate; Metamorphosis rate, standard deviation; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Percentage; Percentage, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Shell length; Shell length, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Stage; Survival; Survival rate, standard deviation; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Time in hours; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3738 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Early development of undulated surf clam, Paphia undulate under elevated pCO2 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Guo, X; Xu, Xiaowei; Zhang, Pengfei; Huang, M; Luo, Xuan; You, W; Ke, C (2016): Early development of undulated surf clam, Paphia undulate under elevated pCO2. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 484, 23-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2016.08.002
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Increasing atmospheric CO2 can decrease the seawater pH and carbonate ions, which may adversely affect the larval survival of calcareous animals. In this study, we simulated future atmospheric CO2 concentrations (800, 1500, 2000 and 3000 µatm) and examined the effects of ocean acidification on the embryonic and larval stage of an infaunal clam Paphia undulate. Significant decrease of hatching of P. undulate was observed when the pCO2 reached 3000 µatm, and larval deformation rate increased significantly when pCO2 reached 2000 µatm, indicating a strong tolerance to ocean acidification compared with the embryonic development of other bivalves. The larvae cultured in 1500 µatm pCO2 exhibited the fastest growth, highest survival and shortened planktonic period, which unordinary phenomenon reflected the beneficial effect of ocean acidification on P. undulate larval development. The better development of P. undulate larvae under a higher CO2 condition maybe an adaptation in response to the acidified sediment in which they live.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Development; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Hatching rate; Incubation duration; Laboratory experiment; Larval deformity rate; Metamorphosis rate; Mollusca; Mortality/Survival; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Paphia undulate; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Replicate; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Shell increment; Shell length; Single species; Species; Survival; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5667 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Grid generation for general three-dimensional configurations (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A suitable grid system for complex three dimensional configurations such as wing/body/nacelle shape for the solution of nonlinear transonic flow problems was constructed. Two approaches were explored based on Thompson's body fitted coordinate concept. The most general approach was to divide the computational domain into multiple rectangular blocks where the configuration itself was also represented by a set of blocks whose structure follows the natural lines of the configuration. The block structured grid system was adaptable to complex configurations and gives good grid quality near physical corners. However, it introduced algorithm issues for the flow solution concerning the treatment of nonanalytic grid block boundaries and nonstandard grid cells. These issues were explored in relation to the grid generation. A more limited approach treats a wing/body configuration with only a single rectangular block in computational space. The issues involving nonstandard cells were avoided, but other limitations on grid resolution appear. Both a linear and a nonlinear system of grid generation equations were developed including methods of grid control.
    Keywords: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
    Type: NASA. Langley Research Center Numerical Grid Generation Tech.; p 355-366
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Self-calibrating threshold detector (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A self calibrating threshold detector comprises a single demodulating channel which includes a mixer having one input receiving the incoming signal and another input receiving a local replica code. During a short time interval, an incorrect local code is applied to the mixer to incorrectly demodulate the incoming signal and to provide a reference level that calibrates the noise propagating through the channel. A sample and hold circuit is coupled to the channel for storing a sample of the reference level. During a relatively long time interval, the correct replica code provides an output level which ranges between the reference level and a maximum level that represents incoming signal presence and synchronism with the replica code. A summer substracts the stored sample reference from the output level to provide a resultant difference signal indicative of the acquisition of the expected signal.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Application of unsteady laminar triple-deck theory to viscous-inviscid interactions from an oscillating flap in supersonic and subsonic flow (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Unsteady triple-deck theory is applied to analyze the local viscous-inviscid interaction of an idealized oscillating flap with a laminar boundary layer in either supersonic or subsonic external flow. For small flap amplitudes and small-to-moderate nondimensional frequencies, linearized analytical solutions by means of Fourier transformation are given for the pressure and shear distributions ahead of and behind the flap hinge. In the supersonic case, the predicted unsteady viscous effects reduce the pressure amplitude and spread it out upstream while causing it to lag the quasi-steady inviscid prediction (flap motion); this also results in an unsteady delay of incipient separation at the hinge to a higher flap amplitude. In contrast, the lowered unsteady viscous pressure distribution in purely subsonic flow slightly leads the flap motion, resulting in incipient separation at a smaller flap amplitude than the quasi-steady value. These trends are shown to be in qualitative agreement with available experimental data.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal de Mecanique Theorique et Appliquee (ISSN 0750-7240); 2; 3 19; 1983
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    An approximate theory of imperfect modeling with application to thermal modeling of spacecraft. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Proposal of a new concept of model testing which makes use of imperfect models and is based on the heuristic argument of representing the error states in a multidimensional Euclidean space when the errors in the modeling parameter are sufficiently small. By a separation of these errors into positive and negative groups, and from a consideration of the error paths in the hyperspaces, it is shown that the global effect of these errors may be evaluated with a good degree of approximation. Conditions under which the procedure would yield satisfactory results are discussed. To test the usefulness of the theory a computer experiment was conducted for the prediction of both transient and steady state thermal behavior of a hypothetical spacecraft using perfect, as well as imperfect, models.
    Keywords: SPACE VEHICLES
    Type: Astronautica Acta; 16; June 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Transient thermal behavior of simple structures in a simulated space environment by model testing (1967)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Modeling criteria for transient thermal test of spacecraft structures in space environment simulation
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-87447 , ME-TR-NGR-048
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Self-calibrating threshold detector for noisy signals (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Single time-shared channel is not seriously affected by temperature and aging. Circuit should also be useful in industrial and consumer equipment. For example, it might be incorporated in telemetry for security systems.
    Keywords: ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND CIRCUITS
    Type: MSC-16370 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 4; 1; P. 10
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    An approximate theory of imperfect modeling with application to the thermal modeling of spacecrafts Final report (1970)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Approximate theory of imperfect modeling with application to thermal modeling of spacecrafts
    Keywords: THERMODYNAMICS AND COMBUSTION
    Type: NASA-CR-113597
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Transient thermal modeling with simulated solar radiation Final report (1969)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Transient thermal modeling with simulated solar radiation
    Keywords: SPACE VEHICLES
    Type: NASA-CR-105285 , ME-TR-JPL-951660-2
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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