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Theoretical stresses in a flowing bed of granular material (1970)

Chen, P. Y. P.

Springer

Rheologica acta 9 (1970), S. 253-258

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ISSN: 1435-1528

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics

Notes: Conclusion A set of consistent stress equations is available for stress prediction in a granular material bed under steady flow. Difficulties associated with boundary slope discontinuities can be handled by a careful selection of a characteristic pattern. If necessary, the characteristic pattern can be modified to give stress fields closer to those in practical systems. Solution of the stress equations is based on the well established method of integration along characteristics. The computation is quite involved but can be done on a digital computer. The difficulties in utilizing the results based on irregular characteristic grids can be solved by two dimensional interpolation to give values on rectangular grids. Extension of the technique to a more general system is possible, for example, a symmetric cylindrical bed, but in this case some extra information on the relation between the stress components is needed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973485

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Noise analysis of refractive index profile measurements of an optical fibre and preform by deflection function techniques (1984)

Chu, P. L. ; Whitbread, T. ; Chen, P. Y. P.

Springer

Flow, turbulence and combustion 41 (1984), S. 289-300

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ISSN: 1573-1987

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Abstract It is shown that many of the existing index profiling methods for optical fibre and preform are related to one another through the deflection function from which the index profile is reconstructed. These methods are classified into direct deflection function measurement, integral (or phase) measurement, and differential (or intensity) measurement. The deflection function from the integral method is obtained by measuring the phase distribution of the exit rays followed by numerical differentiation. Thus the reconstructed index profile has Gaussian noise. The deflection function from the differential method is obtained by measuring the light intensity distribution followed by a numerical integration. This process enhances low frequency noise but suppresses high frequency noise. The noise from direct method behaves in the similar manner as in the differential method except that it is less pronounced. Studies of the choice of methods for profiling of preform, multimode fibre and single mode fibre are also given.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00382461

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