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  • Articles  (640)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (465)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (175)
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  • Articles  (640)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of interference effects in spectroscopy using an integrating sphere (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1369-1371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Interference effects occur in the optical spectroscopy of thin film samples, and they can obliterate absorption spectra, especially if these are weak. A solution to this problem, originally proposed in 1976, is to place the sample inside an integrating sphere in the Edwards configuration so as to collect both reflected and transmitted light simultaneously. Surprisingly, the subsequent published literature on this technique is virtually nonexistent, despite its simplicity and effectiveness. This paper describes its use to measure absorption dips as weak as 2×10−4 in thin film samples. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147944
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the field drying of herbage on sward regrowth (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 38 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Grass which had grown without interruption from late April was cut as for hay in early July in each of 2 years. Fifteen dates of removal of the cut herbage were compared ranging, at 1-d intervals, from the day of cutting to 14 d after cutting. Sward regrowth was studied.A delay of 5 d in removing cut herbage reduced herbage dry matter harvested during the remainder of the growing season by 9% and a delay of 10 d reduced yield by 16%. Delaying the removal of cut herbage reduced the density of grass tillers considerably in the short term, but the effect had worn off in 8 to 12 weeks. The presence of cut herbage reduced the rate of extension of leaf blades considerably. Delaying the removal of cut herbage reduced the area per leaf blade and the weight per unit area and these effects persisted for several weeks. Grass growing under cut herbage had a less negative leaf water potential and a rather cooler but much darker environment in which to grow than uncovered grass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1983.tb01640.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bovine faeces as a source of micro-organisms for the in vitro digestibility assay of forages (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The aim of this study was to investigate whether bovine faeces could replace rumen liquor collected from fistulated sheep in the determination of organic matter digestibility (OMD) of forages in vitro. The first experiment compared two inocula that had been prepared by mixing 83 and 333 g of cattle faeces with 1 litre of artificial saliva according to the first stage of the in vitro technique of Tilley and Terry (Journal of the British Grassland Society,18, 104–111, 1963). Inocula made from 333 g of faeces gave higher values of OMD than that prepared from 83 g of faeces and was used in subsequent studies. When a 48-h acid pepsin digestion, the second stage of the Tilley and Terry (1963) technique, was included, the OMD values and the ease of filtering of undigested residues were increased. The second experiment compared digestibility determined with inocula produced from faeces with that produced from rumen liquor. The OMD of a ryegrass hay determined with an inoculum prepared from faeces was 0·468 compared with 0·528 when using an inoculum prepared from rumen liquor. The third experiment investigated the accuracy of estimating the OMD of eight contrasting forages determined using rumen liquor from three sheep (y) and faeces from two cows (x). All regressions were significant (P 〈 0·001) and had residual standard deviations (r.s.d.) of between ±0·019 and ±0·022. The final study compared faeces collected from cattle fed with either hay or concentrates. The OMD of forage was higher from the hay-fed animals, but the r.s.d. values of the regressions were similar. It was concluded that cattle faeces shows potential as an alternative to rumen liquor collected from rumen-fistulated sheep for use in the in vitro digestibility assay of forages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.1999.00174.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The chemical composition, digestibility and energy value of fermented and urea-treated whole crop wheat harvested at three stages of maturity (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The metabolizable energy (ME) content, digestibility in vivo and chemical composition of fermented and urea-treated whole crop wheat (WCW) forage harvested were measured at different maturities. Over 2 years, twenty-four wheat forages (cv. Slepjner, Hussar and Cadenza) were harvested at 376, 516 and 632 g dry matter (DM) kg−1 in Year 1 and 341, 467 and 544 g DM kg−1 in Year 2 (Cuts 1, 2 and 3 respectively). Forages were conserved in 200−-ι barrels with or without a formic acid-based additive and with urea in Cuts 2 and 3 (20 or 40 g kg−1 DM). Chemical compositions, digestibility in vivo and energy losses in faeces, urine and methane were measured in wethers fed 12 g DM kg−1 live weight. Respective ranges in pH, crude protein, water-soluble carbohydrates, starch and neutral detergent fibre plus amylase (NDFA) contents were 3·8–8·5, 89–394, 2–43, 23–424 and 306–655 g kg−1 DM. ME content, digestible organic matter content (DOMD) and digestibilities of starch and NDFA ranged between 8·4 and 15·7 MJ kg−1 DM, 558 and 708 g kg−1 DM, 0·901 and 0·999 and 0·362 and 0·693 respectively. Predicted methane energy losses were poorly correlated with measured values (r2 〈 0·45) in both years, but this accounted for less than 0.1 MJ ME kg−1 DM. Significant (P 〈 0.05) effects of maturity on the ME/DOMD ratio were observed and ascribed to differences in the extent of fermentation. Therefore, treatment application and maturity exert considerable influence on the ME content of WCW.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.1998.00105.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of cultivar on the rate and extent of combining pea straw degradability examined in vitro using the Reading Pressure Technique (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Grass and forage science 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Although about 225 000 t dry matter (DM) pea straw is produced annually in the UK, no recent data exist with respect to its nutritive value when offered to ruminants. This study, to examine field pea crop waste (straw) from 12 commercial cultivars of combining peas, was therefore undertaken when material grown as part of a European field pea network trial at Reading in 1998 was made available. The straw was subjected to chemical analysis and examined in vitro using the Reading Pressure Technique to generate gas production profiles and to determine both rate and extent of DM and organic matter degradation. Ash and crude protein (CP) concentrations (69 and 65 g kg–1 DM) were generally lower than published values for legume straws but higher, especially CP, than cereal straws. Neutral-detergent fibre concentrations were slightly lower, and metabolizable energy (ME) values, derived from degradable organic matter assessed in vitro (iOMD), higher than cereal straws, ranging from 6·0 to 8·1 MJ ME kg–1 DM. Both cumulative gas production and rate of gas release varied significantly between cultivars, as did degradation with 96-h iOMD values ranging from 468 to 602 g kg–1. By combining these with the quantity of material harvested, ME yields for the different cultivars were found to range from 15 to 27 GJ ME ha–1. Considerable, and general highly significant, variation was found between the cultivars examined, which may be used to rank straws with respect to their nutritive value. The cultivars Baccara and Solara followed by Athos and Vital were readily ranked higher than the other cultivars in terms of in vitro fermentation parameters and ME yields. These data suggest that pea straw, although often incorporated into the soil in post-harvest operations, shows excellent potential as a ruminant forage feedstuff.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00287.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2002.00341.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties and value of 1,1-diureido isobutane (IBDU) as a long-lasting nitrogen fertilizer (1969)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 17 (1969), S. 1269-1271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60166a053
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of lysine and sulfur amino acids by short ion exchange column method (1970)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 18 (1970), S. 1178-1178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60172a038
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of freezing on oxidation of L-ascorbic acid (1971)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 19 (1971), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60173a018
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of L-ascorbic acid oxidation by type II gas hydrates (1971)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 19 (1971), S. 232-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60174a041
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