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  • Articles  (19)
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  • Books  (2)
  • Articles  (19)
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  • 1
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    Mit der Modellkette RCP-GCM-RCM-mGROWA projizierte Grundwasserneubildung als Datenbasis für zukünftiges Grundwassermanagement in Nordrhein-Westfalen (2021)
    Herrmann, Frank ; Keuler, Klaus ; Wolters, Tim ; [et al.]
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Mit einem Multi-Modell-Ensemble wurde analysiert, wie sich der Klimawandel auf den Grundwasserhaushalt in Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) auswirkt. Hierzu wurden Projektionen der zukünftigen Grundwasserneubildung für insgesamt 36 Mitglieder der Modellkette RCP-GCM-RCM-mGROWA, bestehend aus 3 RCP-Szenarien zukünftiger globaler Erwärmung, 6 globalen und 5 dynamischen regionalen Klimamodellen sowie dem Wasserhaushaltsmodell mGROWA, vorgenommen. Mit dem Ensemble wurden für die hydrogeologischen Großräume NRWs nur teilweise signifikante Änderungen der jährlichen Grundwasserneubildung in den Perioden 2011–2040, 2041–2070 und 2071–2100 projiziert. Ein Robustheitstest mit zwei Kriterien (Übereinstimmung und Signifikanz der Änderungssignale) liefert keine belastbare Begründung dafür, dass sich die Grundwasserneubildung bis 2100 systematisch und signifikant ändern wird. Aus statistischer Perspektive wird deshalb die Schlussfolgerung gezogen, dass in NRW langfristig eine Grundwasserneubildung erwartet werden kann, die sich nicht grundlegend vom Niveau der Periode 1971–2000 unterscheidet. Hydro-meteorologisch befindet sich NRW in einer Übergangszone, in der eine Zunahme der Winterniederschläge die Wirkung der Erwärmung auf die Grundwasserneubildung wahrscheinlich kompensiert.
    Description: Ministerium für Klimaschutz, Umwelt, Landwirtschaft, Natur- und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005344
    Description: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (4205)
    Keywords: ddc:551.49 ; Grundwasserneubildung ; Nordrhein-Westfalen ; mGROWA ; Klimawandel ; Multi-Modell-Ensemble ; Robustheit ; Groundwater recharge ; North Rhine-Westphalia ; mGROWA ; Climate change impact ; Multi-model ensemble ; Robustness
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow-mode diffusion of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in the semidilute regime (1984)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 17 (1984), S. 1636-1638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00138a038
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulation of inorganic and organic pollutants by biofilms in the aquatic environment (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 99 (1997), S. 651-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: River sediments ; biofilms ; organic micropollutants ; heavy metals ; temporal variations ; biosorption ; accumulation processes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In a partly urbanized catchment to the south of Trier, Germany, short term variations in river sediment compounds as well as the bioaccumulation of pollutants on surface associated microbial coatings (biofilms) were investigated weekly during a period of six months. Concentrations of selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and for microbial characterisation protein, carbohydrate and uronic acid were analyzed. Sorption processes on biofilms were determined by temporal variations in pollutants and microbial parameters and through the comparison of sorbed substances in biofilms and sediments. The results show, that sorption events on biofilms play an important and dynamic role in spring and summer for transport and accumulation of the investigated pollutants in the aquatic environment. The amount of pollutants sorbed on sediment particles is not only dependent on the particulate bound or solved pollutants in the river water, but is strongly controlled by the changing conditions of the biofilms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02406904
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulation of Inorganic and Organic Pollutants by Biofilms in the Aquatic Environment (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 99 (1997), S. 651-659 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: River sediments ; biofilms ; organic micropollutants ; heavy metals ; temporal variations ; biosorption ; accumulation processes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In a partly urbanized catchment to the south of Trier, Germany, short term variations in river sediment compounds as well as the bioaccumulation of pollutants on surface associated microbial coatings (biofilms) were investigated weekly during a period of six months. Concentrations of selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and for microbial characterisation protein, carbohydrate and uronic acid were analyzed. Sorption processes on biofilms were determined by temporal variations in pollutants and microbial parameters and through the comparison of sorbed substances in biofilms and sediments. The results show, that sorption events on biofilms play an important and dynamic role in spring and summer for transport and accumulation of the investigated pollutants in the aquatic environment. The amount of pollutants sorbed on sediment particles is not only dependent on the particulate bound or solved pollutants in the river water, but is strongly controlled by the changing conditions of the biofilms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018384616442
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrophobic water-soluble polymers, 1. Dilute solution properties of poly(1-vinyl-2-piperidone) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 169-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(vinyllactams) form a class of non-ionic water-soluble polymers from which only poly-(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) is well known and has been investigated extensively. The homologues poly(1-vinyl-2-piperidone) (1, poly[1-(2-oxo-1-piperidyl)ethylene]) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (2, poly[1-(2-oxoperhydroazepin-1-yl)ethylene]) which are still soluble in water at room temperature have not yet been studied in aqueous solution. In this work the synthesis of these two polymers by radical polymerization in solution and the investigation of the dilute aqueous solution properties of these polymers by static and dynamic light scattering measurements are presented. Special attention is paid to the influence of the increasing hydrophobicity of these polymers on coil dimensions and structures in aqueous solution.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910114
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
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    Slow-mode diffusion of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in the semidilute regime (1984)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-9297
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5835
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 7
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    Highly Coherent Electron Beam from a Laser-Triggered Tungsten Needle Tip (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-09
    Description: Author(s): Dominik Ehberger, Jakob Hammer, Max Eisele, Michael Krüger, Jonathan Noe, Alexander Högele, and Peter Hommelhoff We report on a quantitative measurement of the spatial coherence of electrons emitted from a sharp metal needle tip. We investigate the coherence in photoemission triggered by a near-ultraviolet laser with a photon energy of 3.1 eV and compare it to dc-field emission. A carbon nanotube is brought in... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 227601] Published Fri Jun 05, 2015
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    The Role of Binder Adsorption for High Solid Loading Nano-Zirconia Extrusion Pastes (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-05
    Description: The viscosity behavior of extrusion pastes comprised of a PVB melt and varying amounts of nano-zirconia powder have been explored with special emphasis on the impact of a dispersant to reduce the viscosity. In contrast to suspensions with nanopowders, the maximum solid loading in the highly viscous extrusion pastes studied is not limited by attractive interparticle forces. However, at a solid loading 〉30 vol% the pastes had too high viscosity to be processed due to the high number of adsorbed polymer molecules. By adding a decoupling agent that reduced the work of adhesion of the polymer molecules on the zirconia particles, the viscosity of the pastes could be lowered significantly. The calculated work of adhesion is consistent with the viscosity behavior of the feedstock and is confirmed by wetting angles that have been experimentally determined. It is shown that the effect of the dispersant cannot be explained by electrostatic or steric stabilization of the particles in the melt. A unifying scheme is proposed where the limiting factors “agglomeration” and “adsorption” for a high solid loading combined with the necessary mode of function of the dispersant are illustrated as a function of the viscosity of the medium and the particle size. The viscosity-lowering decoupling effect of the dispersant was a prerequisite for reaching a solid loading of 50 vol% in the additional feedstock development. The feedstock with 50 vol% nano-zirconia could be extruded to a tape and sintered to a relative density of 97% at 1200°C.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 9
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    The Role of Binder Adsorption for High Solid Loading Nano-Zirconia Extrusion Pastes (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: The viscosity behavior of extrusion pastes comprised of a PVB melt and varying amounts of nano-zirconia powder have been explored with special emphasis on the impact of a dispersant to reduce the viscosity. In contrast to suspensions with nanopowders, the maximum solid loading in the highly viscous extrusion pastes studied is not limited by attractive interparticle forces. However, at a solid loading 〉30 vol% the pastes had too high viscosity to be processed due to the high number of adsorbed polymer molecules. By adding a decoupling agent that reduced the work of adhesion of the polymer molecules on the zirconia particles, the viscosity of the pastes could be lowered significantly. The calculated work of adhesion is consistent with the viscosity behavior of the feedstock and is confirmed by wetting angles that have been experimentally determined. It is shown that the effect of the dispersant cannot be explained by electrostatic or steric stabilization of the particles in the melt. A unifying scheme is proposed where the limiting factors “agglomeration” and “adsorption” for a high solid loading combined with the necessary mode of function of the dispersant are illustrated as a function of the viscosity of the medium and the particle size. The viscosity-lowering decoupling effect of the dispersant was a prerequisite for reaching a solid loading of 50 vol% in the additional feedstock development. The feedstock with 50 vol% nano-zirconia could be extruded to a tape and sintered to a relative density of 97% at 1200°C.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
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    Sensors, Vol. 18, Pages 993: Comparison of Portable and Bench-Top Spectrometers for Mid-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Measurements of Soils (2018)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-28
    Description: Sensors, Vol. 18, Pages 993: Comparison of Portable and Bench-Top Spectrometers for Mid-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Measurements of Soils Sensors doi: 10.3390/s18040993 Authors: Christopher Hutengs Bernard Ludwig András Jung Andreas Eisele Michael Vohland Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy has received widespread interest as a method to complement traditional soil analysis. Recently available portable MIR spectrometers additionally offer potential for on-site applications, given sufficient spectral data quality. We therefore tested the performance of the Agilent 4300 Handheld FTIR (DRIFT spectra) in comparison to a Bruker Tensor 27 bench-top instrument in terms of (i) spectral quality and measurement noise quantified by wavelet analysis; (ii) accuracy of partial least squares (PLS) calibrations for soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), pH, clay and sand content with a repeated cross-validation analysis; and (iii) key spectral regions for these soil properties identified with a Monte Carlo spectral variable selection approach. Measurements and multivariate calibrations with the handheld device were as good as or slightly better than Bruker equipped with a DRIFT accessory, but not as accurate as with directional hemispherical reflectance (DHR) data collected with an integrating sphere. Variations in noise did not markedly affect the accuracy of multivariate PLS calibrations. Identified key spectral regions for PLS calibrations provided a good match between Agilent and Bruker DHR data, especially for SOC and N. Our findings suggest that portable FTIR instruments are a viable alternative for MIR measurements in the laboratory and offer great potential for on-site applications.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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