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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: sulfur ; carbon ; nitrogen ; mineralization ; simulation model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of sulfur immobilization and mineralization in soil were simulated to test hypotheses about their regulation by the availability of carbon and nitrogen. The concept of chemical bond classes was incorporated into the model to account for variation in composition of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur compounds. Microbial biomass was differentiated into bacteria and fungi, and the element ratios of both groups were assumed to vary. Organic residues were divided between dead microbes plus microbial products, and the more labile fraction of stabilized soil organic matter. Concepts and hypotheses in the model were tested by applying it to data on microbial biomass, sulfate, nitrate, and CO2 evolution obtained in laboratory incubations of two soils amended with sulfate and cellulose. An important mechanism of regulation tested in the model was the stimulation of sulfohydrolase enzyme production depending on sulfur stress in microbial biomass. The hypothesis that excess sulfate is stored as ester sulfate was supported by model dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 5 (1988), S. 109-131 
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: soil organic matter ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; sulfur ; simulation ; grasslands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We have developed a model to simulate the dynamics of C, N, P, and S in cultivated and uncultivated grassland soils. The model uses a monthly time step and can simulate the dynamics of soil organic matter over long time periods (100 to 10,000 years). It was used to simulate the impact of cultivation (100 years) on soil organic matter dynamics, nutrient mineralization, and plant production and to simulate soil formation during a 10,000 year run. The model was validated by comparing the simulated impact of cultivation on soil organic matter C, N, P, and S dynamics with observed data from sites in the northern Great Plains. The model correctly predicted that N and P are the primary limiting nutrients for plant production and simulated the response of the system to inorganic N, P, and S fertilizer. Simulation results indicate that controlling the C:P and C:S ratios of soil organic matter fractions as functions of the labile P and S levels respectively, allows the model to correctly simulate the observed changes in C:P and C:S ratios in the soil and to simulate the impact of varying the labile P and S levels on soil P and S net mineralization rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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