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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated soil management for the savanna zone of W. Africa: legume rotation and fertilizer N (1999)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 55 (1999), S. 95-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: cover crops ; savanna ; N fertilizer ; maize ; cowpea ; N fertilizer replacement value
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Integrated soil management with leguminous cover crops was studied at two sites in the northern Guinea savanna zone of northern Nigeria, Kaduna (190 day growing season) and Bauchi (150 days). One-year planted fallows of mucuna, lablab, and crotalaria were compared with natural grass fallow and cowpea controls. All treatments were followed by a maize test crop in the second year with 0, 30, or 60 kg N ha−1 as urea. Above ground legume residues were not incorporated into the soil and most residues were burned early in the dry season at the Kaduna site. Legume rotation increased soil total N, maize growth in greenhouse pots, and dry matter and N accumulation of maize. Response of maize grain yield to 30 kg N ha−1 as urea was highly significant at both sites and much greater than the response to legume rotation. The mean N fertilizer replacement value from legume rotation was 14 kg N ha−1 at Kaduna and 6 kg N ha−1 at Bauchi. W ith no N applied to the maize test crop, maize grain yield following legume fallow was 365 kg ha−1 higher than natural fallow at Bauchi and 235 kg ha−1 higher at Kaduna. The benefit of specific legume fallows to subsequent maize was mostly related to above ground N of the previous legume at Bauchi, where residues were protected from fire and grazing. At Kaduna, where fallow vegetation was burned, maize yield was related to estimated below ground N. The results show that legume rotation alone results in small maize yield increases in the dry savanna zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009856032418
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mulching effect of plant residues with chemically contrasting compositions on maize growth and nutrients accumulation (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 153 (1993), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: alfisols ; maize ; mulch quality ; nutrient uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Effects of application of prunings of three woody species (Acioa barteri, Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala), maize (Zea mays L.) stover and rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw as mulch on maize were studied on an Alfisol in southern Nigeria in 1990 and 1991. Maize dry matter and grain yield were higher with applications of plant residues and N fertilizer in both years. Addition of Leucaena prunings gave the highest maize grain yield in both years. Compared to the 1990 results, Acioa showed the least grain yield decline among the mulch treatments in 1991. Nutrient uptake was enhanced by applications of plant residues. Leucaena prunings had the highest effect in both years and increased the mean N, P, and Mg uptake by 96%, 84%, and 50%, respectively, over the control. Addition of Acioa prunings increased K and Ca uptake by 59% and 92%, respectively, over the control. ‘High quality’ (low C/N ratio and lignin level) plant residues enhance crop performance through direct nutritional contributions, whereas ‘low quality’ (high C/N ratio and lignin level) plant residues do so through mulching effects on the microclimate. ‘Intermediate quality’ plant residues have no clear effects on crop performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012990
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of phytotoxic effects ofGliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp prunings on maize and cowpea seedlings (1994)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 26 (1994), S. 249-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: phytotoxicity ; cowpea ; Gliricidia sepium prunings ; maize ; seedlings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Phytotoxic effects ofGliricidia prunings were tested on maize seedlings in the laboratory and on maize and cowpea seedlings in the field. In the laboratory test, growth of maize seedlings was significantly depressed by addition of leachate ofGliricidia prunings. In the field, leaf, chlorosis of maize and cowpea seedlings occurred when mulched withGliricidia prunings; number of affected leaves increased with increasing mulch rate. Maize was more susceptible than cowpea. This phytotoxic effect, however, did not reduce growth of maize and cowpea seedlings in the field. ApplyingGliricidia mulch one week before planting eliminated the phytotoxic effects on maize.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00711214
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