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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An assessment of the importance of water stress in seasonally floodedC. dactylon on the Pongolo River floodplain in the formulation of guidelines for controlled flooding (1986)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 137 (1986), S. 175-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cynodon dactylon ; water stress ; floodplain ; flood management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Daily variation in water potential was measured inCynodon dactylon in seasonally flooded areas of the Pongolo river floodplain. Soil moisture declined during the dry winter season when the plants were exposed, causing them to experience increasing water stress. Fog and mist appeared to relieve stress but it is concluded that water stress is sufficient to reduce production during exposure. The results are discussed in relation to the timing of flood releases from the upstream Pongolapoort dam and it is concluded that the period of exposure is of less significance than the duration and frequency of inundation in the formulation of guidelines for flood releases from the dam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004213
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between period of exposure, grazing and crop growth rate of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. in seasonally flooded areas of the Pongolo River floodplain (1985)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 126 (1985), S. 65-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: floodplain ; Cynodon dactylon ; grazing ; production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. forms extensive meadows on seasonally inundated areas of the Pongolo river floodplain. As floodwaters receded during winter, the shoots of C. dactylon which had not decomposed during submergence sprouted. Crop growth rate was high (up to 23 kg/ha/d dry mass) and the meadows were heavily grazed by domestic stock which removed up to 15 kg/ha/d. The high crop growth rate was not maintained because as exposure period increased, soils became dry and water stress conditions developed. This caused the C. dactylon to become less palatable and brought about a shift in grazing which allowed a build-up of the grazeable and ungrazeable fraction standing crop. Maximum standing crop occurred at the onset of the next flood. Grazing is shown to have a net negative effect on production, although at different times during exposure defoliation had either a depressing or stimulating effect on growth. It is postulated that the duration of the inundation period is more significant than the duration of the exposure period in maintaining the C. dactylon meadows.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008389
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decomposition of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. in the seasonally flooded areas of the Pongolo river floodplain: pattern and significance of dry matter and nutrient loss (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 97 (1982), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cynodon dactylon ; decomposition ; floodplain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cynodon dactylon meadows occupying seasonally inundated areas of the Pongolo river floodplain, South Africa, decompose during periods of submergence. The loss of dry matter and nutrients from both fresh and dried material enclosed in litter bags was studied. The pattern of loss of dry matter was diphasic. Loss was more rapid from dried than from fresh material, half the mass being lost in 18 and 28 days respectively. Nutrient loss followed an exponential pattern. Nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium were lost more rapidly from dried than from fresh material whilst rates of loss of sodium, potassium and calcium were similar. The significance of Cynodon decomposition in the functioning of the floodplain is assessed from estimates of the above- and below-ground standing crop around one small lake before and after submergence. It is concluded that decomposition of plants growing in seasonally inundated areas of the floodplain may contribute significantly to the productivity of the system, but that the extent of the contribution can be greatly influenced by the flooding regime. The completion of the Pongolapoort dam upstream of the floodplain will alter the natural flooding pattern, effecting a reduction in floodplain productivity, unless a programme for flood release can be initiated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011965
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