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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 42 (1994), S. 27-35 
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: biosynthesis of pheophytin a and chlorophyll a ; etiolated leaves ; Photosystem II ; reaction centres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Illumination of etiolated maize leaves with low-intensity light produces a chlorophyll/pheophytin-containing complex. The complex contains two native chlorophyll forms Chl 671/668 and Chl 675/668 as well as pheophytin Pheo 679/675 (with chlorophyll/pheophytin ratio of 2/1). The complex is formed in the course of two successive reactions: reaction of protochlorophyllide Pchlde 655/650 photoreduction resulted in chlorophyllide Chlde 684/676 formation, and the subsequent dark reaction of Chlde 684/676 involving Mg substitution by H2 in pigment chromophore and pigment esterification by phytol. Out data show that the reaction leading to chlorophyll/pheophytin-containing complex formation is not destructive. The reaction is in fact biosynthetic, and is competitive with the known reactions of biosynthesis of the bulk of chlorophyll molecules. The relationship between chlorophyll and pheophytin biosynthesis reactions is controlled by temperature, light intensity and exposure duration. The native complex containing pheophytin a and chlorophyll a is supposed to be a direct precursor of the PS II reaction centre in plant leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 38 (1993), S. 117-124 
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: etiolated leaves ; non-fluorescent intermediate ; protochlorophyllide photoreduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract By methods of difference and derivative spectroscopy it was shown that in etiolated leaves at 77 K three photoreactions of P650 protochlorophyllide take place which differ in their rates and positions of spectral maxima of the intermediates formed in the process: P650→R668, P650→R688, and P650→R697. With an increase of temperature up to 233 K, in the dark, R688 and R697 are transformed into the known chlorophyllide forms C695/684 and C684/676, while R668 disappears with formation of a shorter wavelength form of protochlorophyllide with an absorption maximum at 643–644 nm. Along with these reactions, at 77 K phototransformations of the long-wave protochlorophyllide forms with absorption maxima at 658–711 nm into the main short-wave forms of protochlorophyllide are observed. At 233 K in the dark this reaction is partially reversible. This process may be interpreted as a reversible photodisaggregation of the pigment in vivo. The mechanism of P650 reactions and their role in the process of chlorophyll photobiosynthesis are discussed.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: chlorophyll a biosynthesis ; etiolated leaves ; heat shock ; maize ; pea ; pea mutants ; Photosystem II core ; protochlorophyllide photoreduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Preliminary dark incubation of etiolated pea and maize plants at 38 °C allowed to observe a new dark reaction of Chl biosynthesis occuring after photoconversion of protochlorophyllide Pchld 655/650 into chlorophyllide Chld 684/676. This reaction was accompanied by chlorophyllide esterification and by the bathochromic shift of pigment spectra: Chld 684/676 → Chl 688/680. After completion of the reaction, a rapid (20–30 s at 26 °C) quenching of Chl 688/680 low-temperature fluorescence was observed. The reaction Chld 684/676 → Chl 688/680 was inhibited under anaerobic conditions as well as in the presence of KCN; the reaction accompanied by Chl fluorescence quenching was inhibited in the leaves of pea mutants with impaired function of Photosystem II reaction centers. The spectra position of newly formed Chl, effects of Chl fluorescence quenching allowed to assume that the new dark reaction is responsible for biosynthesis of P–680, the key pigment of Photosystem II reaction centres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: biosynthesis of pheophytin a and chlorophyll a ; etiolated leaves ; pheophytin/chlorophyll interconversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Upon illumination of etiolated maize leaves the photoconversion of protochlorophyllide Pchlide 655/650 into chlorophyllide Chlide 684/676 was observed. It was shown that chlorophyllide Chlide 684/676 in the dark is transformed into pheophytin Pheo 679/675 and chlorophyll Chl 671/668 by means of two parallel reactions, occurring at room temperature: Chlide 684/676. The formed pheophytin Pheo 679/675 was unstable and in the dark was transformed into chlorophyll Chl 671/668 in a few seconds: Pheo 679/675 → Chl 671/668. The last reaction is reversed by the light: Chl/668 Pheo 679/675. Thus, on the whole in the greening etiolated leaves this process occurs according to the following scheme: The observed light-regulated interconversion of Mg-containing and Mg-free chlorophyll analogs is activated by ATP and inhibited by AMP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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