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  • propranolol  (4)
  • diclofenac  (3)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: diclofenac ; metabolites ; urinary excretion ; food ; absorption ; chronic administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six healthy subjects took diclofenac as an enteric-coated preparation twice daily for 17 days under the following conditions: (i) fasting, (ii) 15 min before a meal, and (iii) immediately after a meal. Urine specimens were collected on two separate days of each regimen and diclofenac and its total monohydroxylated metabolites measured. Statistical analysis of the excretion of diclofenac and its metabolites showed that, during chronic administration, absorption was not significantly influenced by dosing before or after food. The absorption pattern after both these modes of administration was comparable to that obtained under fasting conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 18 (1980), S. 415-418 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: diclofenac ; acetyl salicylic acid ; intravenous bolus administration ; oral administration ; interaction ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies have shown that aspirin interacts with orally administered diclofenac sodium, causing reduced peak concentrations, lower levels and decreased areas under curves. In this study, diclofenac sodium was administered orally and intravenously with and without aspirin, to 6 healthy female volunteers. After intravenous dosing both plasma levels and areas under curves were significantly reduced although none of the rate constants was affected. The volume of distribution of diclofenac was increased as was the plasma clearance. Oral administration with aspirin also resulted in lower plasma levels, particularly peak levels, and areas under curves. Comparison of AUC's for both modes of administration with and without aspirin suggested that lower levels after oral administration were not due to impaired absorption. These observations are best explained by decreased protein binding and increased biliary excretion of diclofenac in the presence of salicylate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 425-427 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: beta-blockers ; potassium infusion ; propranolol ; metoprolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The extent to which the serum potassium rose in a group of six healthy volunteers during an intra-venous infusion of potassium was identical following pretreatment with placebo, low or high dose propranolol and low or high dose metoprolol. Thus in this acute study, we were unable to demonstrate any influence of either selective or non-selective beta adrenergic blockade upon potassium uptake mechanisms. This is in contrast to the effects of beta blockers on potassium reuptake rates noted after exercise and during cardiac surgery.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 229-233 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propranolol ; metoprolol ; acebutolol ; exercise testing ; healthy subjects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of intravenous propranolol, metoprolol, acebutolol and placebo on exercise-induced changes in heart rate and peak flow rate (PFR) have been studied in a group of healthy subjects. The three β-blockers produced significant and comparable reductions in exercise-induced tachycardia and the magnitude of the reduction was related to the log plasma concentration of each drug. Significant cardiac β-blockade was detectable for three hours after giving propranolol and for four hours after metoprolol and acebutolol. The exercise-induced changes in PFR were small and variable and were not significantly affected by any of the drugs. We conclude that, contrary to published reports, exercise-induced changes in heart rate and PFR in healthy subjects do not provide a satisfactory test system for assessing the selectivity of β-blockers.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 37-42 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoprolol ; propranolol ; oxprenolol ; pharmacokinetics ; acetubolol ; diacetolol ; oral contraceptive
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma concentrations of metoprolol, propranolol oxprenolol, acebutolol and its metabolite diacetolol were measured after single oral doses in young healthy volunteers. In order to assess the inter-and intra-subject variability the following pharmacokinetic parameters were compared: AUC o 24 , Cmax, tmax and t1/2. The smallest variation in inter-subject variability was seen with oxprenolol and acebutolol: intrasubject variability was more uniform. Female volunteers taking an oral contraceptive generally had higher AUC o 24 and Cmax values than those not. This finding reached statistical significance only for metoprolol AUC o 24 .
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 405-410 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: diclofenac ; plasma levels ; intravenous bolus administration ; oral administration ; enteric coating ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of diclofenac were examined following single rapid intravenous injection and also following single oral doses to healthy female volunteers. After intravenous injection plasma levels of diclofenac fell rapidly and were below the limits of detection at 5.5 h postdosing. Individual drug profiles were described by a triexponential function and mean half-lives of the three exponential phases were 0.05, 0.26 and 1.1 h. After oral doses of enteric-coated tablets, the lag time between dosing and the appearance of drug in plasma varied between 1.0 and 4.5 h. However once drug absorption had commenced similar plasma drug profiles were obtained in different individuals. Peak plasma diclofenac levels ranged from 1.4 to 3.0 µg · ml−1. The mean terminal drug half-life in plasma was 1.8 h after oral doses. This value was not significantly greater than the value of 1.1 h following intravenous doses. Fifty percent of orally dosed diclofenac did not reach the systemic circulation due, predominantly, to first-pass metabolism.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 32 (1987), S. 149-151 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propranolol ; plasma ammonia ; exercise ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in plasma ammonia in response to exercise with and without pretreatment with propranolol have been studied. A standardised submaximal treadmill exercise test was used to assess the effects of placebo or propranolol 40 mg, 80 mg, or 160 mg twice daily given in random order for 3 days, the last dose being taken 90 min before exercise. After placebo the mean incremental rise in plasma ammonia in response to exercise was 16 µmol·l−1. The corresponding rise after propranolol 40mg was 56 µmol·l−1 (p〈0.01). All three doses of propranolol produced similar effects on plasma ammonia and exercise heart rates.
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