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  • catecholamines  (4)
  • side-effects  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic treatment with the new potent vasodilator Ro 12-4713 in moderate to severe hypertension: Effects on blood pressure, endocrine function, sodium and plasma volume (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 20 (1981), S. 79-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: vasodilator ; hypertension ; antihypertensive treatment ; catecholamines ; renin ; aldosterone ; blood volume
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antihypertensive efficacy and endocrine profile of the new antihypertensive agent, Ro 12-4713, were evaluated in 23 patients (17 men and 6 women) with moderate to severe arterial hypertension. Following addition of Ro 12-4713 to pre-existing therapy with diuretics and beta-blockers or sympatholytics, blood pressure in most of the patients was normalized within one month by a daily dose of 60 to 120 mg. Heart rate was only slightly increased. Orthostatic hypotension was not observed. Weight gain or oedema formation occurred in 14 patients within the first four weeks, but could be controlled satisfactorily by intensified diuretic therapy. Increased hair growth occurred in most of the patients. After a mean duration of treatment of 2.8 months, plasma volume and plasma and urine sodium were unaltered, and plasma potassium was slightly decreased. Plasma renin activity was doubled, whereas plasma aldosterone concentrations were unaltered. Plasma norepinephrine levels were high before and increased only slightly during chronic Ro 12-4713 treatment, whereas urinary norepinephrine excretion was unchanged. Plasma and urinary epinephrine were unaltered by Ro 12-4713. Ro 12-4713 appears to be a potent vasodilator for the combination treatment of hypertension in men.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607141
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antihypertensive mechanism of the diuretic muzolimine in mild renal failure (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 215-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: hypertension ; muzolimine ; mild renal functional impairment ; diuretic treatment ; body sodium ; catecholamines ; cardiovascular pressor responsiveness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eighteen patients with mild impairment of renal function (glomerular filtration rate 65±5 ml/min: m±SEM) and hypertension (168/105±6/3 mmHg) were shown on average to have abnormally increased cardiovascular pressor responsiveness to infused norepinephrine (NE; p〈0.05), whereas plasma and urinary NE, exchangeable body sodium and blood-volume did not differ significantly from normal. A slightly increased pressor responsiveness to angiotensin II was associated with a tendency to low plasma renin activity (PRA). Compared to placebo conditions, treatment with the loop-diuretic muzolimine in a mean dose of 35±2 mg/day for six weeks decreased blood-pressure and exchangeable sodium (p〈0.05), and NE pressor responsiveness was restored to normal values, whilst plasma and urinary NE were not significantly changed. This was consistent with improvement of the initially abnormal relationship between NE levels and NE responsiveness factors. In contrast, the pressor dose of angiotensin II and PRA were increased to an approximatively similar extent during muzolimine treatment. These observations suggest that removal of body sodium and a decrease in NE reactivity without an equivalent increase in sympathetic nervous activity may be important complementary factors in the antihypertensive mechanisms of diuretic treatment in patients with mild renal functional impairment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547556
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute effects of prizidilol on blood pressure, heart rate, catecholamines, renin and aldosterone in essential hypertension (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 289-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: prizidilol ; vasodilator ; hypertension ; beta blocker ; plasma renin ; aldosterone ; catecholamines ; acetylator type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Prizidilol is a new antihypertensive agent reported to possess combined precapillary vasodilator and betareceptor-blocking properties. To clarify the profile of the acute effects of prizidilol in man, a variable dose study was performed in 8 patients with benign essential hypertension. Blood pressure, heart rate, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, plasma and urinary catecholamines and electrolytes were determined at short intervals before and up to 23 h after oral administration of placebo and prizidilol 150, 300 and 600 mg. The 4 studies were performed at weekly intervals according to a Latin square design. Prizidilol produced dose-dependent decreases in supine and upright blood pressure, with an initial change after about 2 h and maximal effects from 4 to 8 h after drug ingestion. Following a high dose of prizidilol, supine mean blood pressure (average 128 mmHg prior to treatment) was normalised (〈107 mmHg) from 3 to 7 h and was still below predose levels 23 h after ingestion. The only reported side effects were postural dizziness in 2 cases (corresponding to a fall in systolic upright blood pressure to 〈95 mmHg) and headache in one case. A biphasic variation in heart rate and plasma renin activity, with an early drop and a subsequent tendency to a slight rise, was observed after an intermediate or high dose of prizidilol. Plasma norepinephrine levels were increased by a high dose of prizidilol, while plasma epinephrine, aldosterone and plasma and urinary electrolytes were not consistently changed. Prizidilol in a single oral dose appeared to be a potent antihypertensive agent. The profile of heart rate and plasma renin point to early dominance of beta-blockade followed by appearance of the concomitant vasodilator properties of prizidilol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613608
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiovascular regulation during administration of co-dergocrine to normal subjects (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1986), S. 565-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: co-dergocrine ; blood pressure regulation ; presynaptic dopamine receptors ; dopamine2-receptors ; rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ; cardiovascular responsiveness ; side-effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Whether and to what extent activation of peripheral presynaptic dopamine2-receptors may modulate the release of norepinephrine (NE) and so affect blood pressure (BP) in normal or hypertensive man is not clear. The hydrogenated ergotoxine derivative, co-dergocrine, given in effective antihypertensive rather than excessive experimental doses, has recently been shown to act predominantly as a peripheral dopamine2-receptor agonist in several species. Accordingly, BP regulation assessed has been in 8 normal men on placebo and after 3 weeks on co-dergocrine 4 mg/day. Co-dergocrine significantly reduced urinary NE excretion from 43 to 33 µg/24 h, supine and upright plasma NE 21 to 16 and 49 to 36 ng/dl, respectively, heart rate (−8 and −5%, respectively) and upright systolic BP, 115 to 102 mm Hg; upright diastolic BP also tended to be lower. A standard pressor dose of infused NE was lowered from 131 to 102 ng/kg/min, and the relationship between NE-induced changes in BP and concomitant NE infusion rate or plasma NE concentration was displaced to the left. Exchangeable sodium and plasma volume tended to be slightly decreased. Plasma and urinary electrolytes and epinephrine, plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels, pressor responsiveness to angiotensin II, the chronotropic responses to isoproterenol, and the NE-induced rise in BP, plasma clearance of NE, glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow were not consistently modified. The findings are consistent with effective peripheral dopamine2-receptor agonism by co-dergocrine in humans. Peripheral presynaptic dopaminergic activation may modulate sympathetic activity and BP in normal man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00635894
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the dopaminergic agonist cianergoline on blood pressure, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and the sympathetic nervous system in patients with essential hypertension (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 25-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cianergoline ; hypertension ; dopaminergic agonist ; renin angiotensin aldosterone ; lipid metabolism ; benign essential hypertension ; side-effects ; prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cianergoline is a new dopaminergic agonist with a predominant cardiovascular action. Its effects on blood pressure, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, the sympathetic nervous system and lipid metabolism were assessed in 20 patients with benign essential hypertension. Cianergoline given in increasing doses for 4 weeks (maximum daily dose 12±2 mg (SD)) and placebo both caused a slight decrease in arterial pressure, (from 159/104 to 152/98 mm Hg and from 154/104 to 149/103 mm, respectively; difference not significant). Supine and upright plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine levels, urinary catecholamine excretion rates as well as serum prolactin, low and high density cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were not changed after cianergoline or placebo. Total serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased significantly after placebo, but were unchanged after cianergoline. 3 out of 10 patients in the cianergoline group complained of nausea. The findings indicate that the new dopaminergic agonist cianergoline exerts only a mild blood pressure lowering effect in patients with essential hypertension and does not modify the release of prolactin, lipid metabolism or the basal activity or postural responsiveness of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and of the sympathetic nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547364
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative evaluation of the new vasodilator carprazidil and minoxidil in the treatment of moderate to severe hypertension (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 483-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: carprazidil ; minoxidil ; hypertension ; catecholamines ; renin ; aldosterone ; blood volume ; hypertrichosis ; side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The efficacy and side effects of the new vasodilator carprazidil and the established vasodilator minoxidil were compared in 18 hypertensive patients inadequately controlled by 2 to 4 conventional drugs; the latter included diuretics, beta-blockers and/or sympatholytics and, in half the cases, vasodilators, such as hydralazine, diazoxide or the postsynaptic alpha-blocker prazosin. The vasodilators were withdrawn and, using a crossover design all patients received carprazidil (mean final dose 88 mg) and minoxidil (20 mg) for an average period of 5 to 6 months. The effects of the 2 agents appeared to be qualitatively and quantitatively similar. Both tended to cause sodium retention and an increase in heart rate, which required an increased dose of diuretic in one third of the cases or of a beta-blocker in a quarter. With this approach mean body weight and blood volume were not altered in the established phase of carprazidil or minoxidil treatment; heart rate and plasma norepinephrine tended to be only minimally increased, plasma renin was slightly increased, and plasma aldosterone and epinephrine were largely unchanged. Supine and upright blood pressure were reduced from initial values of 189/113 and 167/113 mm Hg, to 149/95 and 138/95 mm Hg (−18 and −17%), respectively, during carprazidil, and to 154/95 and 141/96 mm Hg (−17 and −15%) during minoxidil therapy. Hypertrichosis occurred with both agents in almost all patients, and limits their more prolonged use in females. No adverse side effects on haematological parameters, liver or renal function were observed, nor was antinuclear antibody detected. It is concluded that carprazidil and minoxidil are equivalent vasodilator agents in the treatment of severe hypertension, particularly in males.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637493
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiovascular regulation and lipoprotein profile during administration of co-dergocrine in essential hypertension (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 119-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: co-dergocrine ; hypertension ; presynaptic dopamine2-receptors ; norepinephrine ; haemodynamic effects ; side-effects ; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ; lipoproteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Co-dergocrine has recently been demonstrated acutely to lower plasma norepinephrine (NE) and blood pressure (BP) in patients with essential hypertension, and similar results have been obtained during chronic administration of co-dergocrine to healthy men. The present study investigated the effect of 3 weeks of treatment with co-dergocrine 4 mg/day on BP, plasma catecholamines, certain other BP-regulating factors and serum lipoproteins in patients with essential hypertension. Compared to placebo conditions, co-dergocrine decreased supine BP and heart rate by −7% and the upright plasma NE level by −24%. Supine plasma NE also fell (−24%). Total cholesterol and the LDL + VLDL-cholesterol lipoprotein fraction were lowered by −6%. No significant change was observed in plasma renin activity, angiotensin II, aldosterone and epinephrine levels, whole blood and plasma volume, exchangeable sodium, and the cardiovascular responsiveness to NE, angiotensin II and isoproterenol. The findings suggest that in patients with essential hypertension, chronic treatment with co-dergocrine may slightly decrease sympathetic outflow and, at least in the short-term, lower the potentially atherogenic serum LDL + VLDL − cholesterol fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609182
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