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  • brackish tidal zone  (1)
  • distribution limit  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The concomitant existence of a typical coastal and a detritus food chain in the Westerschelde estuary (1988)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 22 (1988), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Westerschelde ; estuarine food chains ; detritus ; brackish tidal zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Until now studies of the aquatic ecology of the Westerschelde estuary have been erratic. Yet, from the results of a literature research some structural aspects of the ecosystems in the Westerschelde could be derived. Clear gradients could be found from the river to the sea for the abiotic as well as for the biotic features of the estuary. On the basis of the available quantitative data 2 tentative food chains were distinguished; a mainly detritus-based food chain in the upstream brackish part and a coastal food chain in the downstream seaward part. The centre of the area of the detritus food chain coincided with the zone of a turbidity maximum at the interface of salt and fresh water. This food chain is characterized by a low primary production but a year-round high concentration of suspended organic matter. The suspended organic matter consists of aggregates of detritus and bacteria. The zooplankton as well as the zoobenthos can reach high biomasses. The coastal food chain is mainly based on a seasonally chainging high primary production. The diversity of flora and fauna in this system is much higher than in the detritus food chain, although the biomass can be lower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256780
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity to stress in the bivalve Macoma balthica from the most northern (Arctic) to the most southern (French) populations: low sensitivity in Arctic populations because of genetic adaptations? (1997)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 355 (1997), S. 127-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Arctic ; adaptation ; copper ; distribution limit ; genetics ; geographic cline ; Macoma balthica ; stress sensitivity ; survival in air
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The stress sensitivity, determined in copper exposureexperiments and in survival in air tests, and thegenetic structure, measured by means of isoenzymeelectrophoresis, were assessed in populations of theBaltic clam Macoma balthica (L.) from itssouthern to its northern distribution limit, in orderto test the hypotheses that near the distributionlimit the clams would be more stress sensitive andwould have a lower genetic variability. Thepopulations in west and north Europe show a stronggenetic resemblance. The populations in the sub-ArcticWhite Sea are genetically slightly different, and showa low stress sensitivity. The populations in theArctic Pechora Sea are genetically very distant fromthe other populations, and show the lowest stresssensitivity. Near the southern distribution limit, inagreement with the hypotheses, genetic variability islow and stress sensitivity high. On the other hand, incontrast to expectation, near the northerndistribution limit, in the populations of the PechoraSea, the genetic variability was higher, thus notreduced, and the stress sensitivity was low comparedto all other populations. Yet, it remains a questionif such is due to gradual physiologicalacclimatization (and ongoing differential selection)or to genetic adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003009524563
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