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  • allelopathy  (1)
  • choline oxidase  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelochemicals in Chicory and Utilization in Processed Foods (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 2233-2241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Chicory ; allelopathy ; allelochemicals ; antimicrobial substances ; nematicidal substances ; sesquiterpenoids ; food preservation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In connection with a proposed defensive mechanism of chicory, antimicrobial, and nematicidal substances from the rhizomes were studied. A new antimicrobial sesquiterpenoid, 8α-angeloyloxycichoralexin, in addition to guaianolides such as cichoralexin and 10α-hydroxycichopumilide, was isolated and identified. These sesquiterpenoids exhibited antifungal activities against Pericularia oryzae, Pellicularia sasakii, Alternaria kikuchiana, and others. Ether-soluble phenolics from the chicory rhizome exhibited nematicidal activity. Thus, it appears that these secondary metabolites play an important ecological role. Furthermore, the allelochemical research was applied to the production of processed foods. The addition of dry powder from chicory rhizome to noodles, a boiled fish paste, and cocoaand coffeecakes provided elongation of food preservation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005584819674
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced tolerance to light stress of transgenic Arabidopsis plants that express the codA gene for a bacterial choline oxidase (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 40 (1999), S. 279-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: choline oxidase ; codA gene ; photo-induced inactivation ; transformed Arabidopsis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed with the codA gene from Arthrobacter globiformis. This gene encodes choline oxidase, an enzyme that converts choline to glycinebetaine. The photosynthetic activity, monitored in terms of chlorophyll fluorescence, of transformed plants was more tolerant to light stress than that of wild-type plants. This enhanced tolerance to light stress was caused by acceleration of the recovery of the photosystem II (PS II) complex from the photo-inactivated state. The transformed plants synthesized glycinebetaine, but no changes were detected in the relative levels of membrane lipids or in the relative levels of fatty acids in the various membrane lipids. Transformation with the codA gene increased levels of H2O2, a by-product of the reaction catalyzed by choline oxidase, by only 50% to 100% under stress or non-stress conditions. The activity of ascorbate peroxidase and, to a lesser extent, that of catalase in transformed plants were significantly higher than in the wild-type plants. These observations suggest that H2O2 produced by choline oxidase in the transformed plants might have stimulated the expression of H2O2 scavenging enzymes, with resultant maintenance of the level of H2O2 within a certain limited range. It appears that glycinebetaine produced in vivo, but not changes in membrane lipids or in the level of H2O2, protected the PS II complex in transformed plants from damage due to light stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006121821883
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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