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Properties of cuticular oxidases used for sex pheromone biosynthesis byHeliothis zea (1988)

Teal, Peter E. A. ; Tumlinson, James H.

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 2131-2145

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Sex pheromone biosynthesis ; cuticle ; alcohol oxidase ; alcohol ; aldehyde ; Heliothis zea ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; enzyme

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Biosynthesis of the aldehydic sex pheromone components released by females ofHeliothis zea was found to be catalyzed by primary alcohol oxidases residing in the cuticle that covers the glands. Activity, as indicated by conversion of primary alcohol to aldehyde, was as high in cell-free cuticle as it was in intact pheromone glands. Studies indicated that some activity was associated with the surface of the epicuticle and could be removed, into buffer, by sonication. However, the majority of activity lies within the inner epicuticle and exo- and endocuticular layers. The oxidase was not functional in pharate pupae that did not have mature adult cuticle but became functional just prior to adult emergence. The enzyme in individual glands was saturated at alcohol concentrations above 100 n. moles. Nonionic detergents did not affect the activity of the oxidase in the cuticle but treatment with either 7 M urea or 1% SDS resulted in total loss of activity. Studies on the effect of pH indicated an optimum at 6.4; however, activity was high throughout the range of 5–9. The oxidase was functional in both dichloromethane and hexane, suggesting that this enzyme system may have applications for organic synthesis of aldehydes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014254

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Characterization of oxidase(s) associated with the sex pheromone gland in Manduca sexta (L.) females (1995)

Fang, Nianbai ; Teal, Peter E. A. ; Tumlinson, James H.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 29 (1995), S. 243-257

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ISSN: 0739-4462

Keywords: pheromone biosynthesis ; aldehydes ; alcohols ; oxidase inhibitor ; piperonyl butoxide ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: An oxidase that converts primary aliphatic alcohols into aldehydes was discovered in the cuticle of the sex pheromone gland and in the papillae anales on the tip of the abdomen of Manduca sexta females. Oxidase activity was not found in the epidermal cells of the pheromone gland where fatty acid precursors of the pheromonal aldehydes are found. This oxidase requires oxygen and water to function and appears to have a rather broad substrate specificity. The activity of the oxidase is reduced by the application of piperonyl butoxide, which also interferes with the PBAN induced production of the natural pheromone aldehydes. However, endogenous alcohols cannot be found in the pheromone gland. Thus, it is not yet clear whether or not the oxidase is involved in the terminal step of biosynthesis of the pheromone aldehydes in M. sexta females. © Wiley-Liss, Inc.This article is a U.S. Government work and, a such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.

Additional Material: 6 Ill.